When a person dies, his body turns to dust and he will not become a spectre. Some people die like fire, and ghosts are just an illusion.

Wang Chong (27- 97) in the Eastern Han Dynasty thought in his book The History of Ancient China Thought that it was put forward in 1995.

It criticizes mysticism and secular superstition, and its basic attitude is "sickness and falsehood". He advocated the monism of qi, believing that everything in the world is differentiated from vitality, that people and things are born with qi, that qi dissipates and dies, that nature does nothing, that there is no will and gods, that there is no induction between man and nature, and that there is no condemnation of disasters circulating in society; People die like fire, and the essence is scattered into space, so there is no ghost. Ghosts are hallucinations caused by insanity. A saint can't predict the future, "he must let his eyes and ears know the truth", and all remarks should be judged by experience and effect. Lun Heng also criticized superstitious thoughts and behaviors such as fairy magic and divination time, and established the theory of natural vitality by empirical and reasoning methods, thus setting up a monument in the history of atheism in China.

It shows that the author is a simple atheist, which opens the way for the separation of China's ancient philosophy and religious superstition. On the relationship between form and spirit, he put forward the materialistic viewpoint that matter and form come first and spirit and perception come second, which had a far-reaching influence on atheism in later generations.