Translation of The Book of Rites Tan Gong

The first son of Gongyi Nakako died, and he made the illegitimate child the heir, not the first grandson. In order to express the irony of this practice, Tan Gong deliberately put it on to avoid mourning and said, "What the hell is going on?" ? I have never heard of this practice. "He walked quickly to the right of the door and asked his son to take care of Bo Zi. He said, "What reason does Nakako have to have his illegitimate son instead of his direct grandson? Bo Zi covered for Zhong Zi and said, "Zhong Zi just followed the precedent of the ancients.

Once upon a time, he abandoned Boyi and set up his younger brother Yan instead of Sun Fu. Therefore, neutrons are just following the precedent of the ancients. Later, Zi You, a disciple of Confucius, asked Confucius about this matter. Confucius replied: "The practice of public welfare Nakako is wrong, and it is necessary to make his grandson a queen."

Serve your parents, you can't praise their mistakes, you can't directly offend them, you can also serve them carefully, you will work hard until your parents are born, and you will mourn for three years. The man who served the monarch has pointed out his shortcomings bluntly. If someone asks about state affairs again, you may wish to speak frankly about the gains and losses. Serve carefully, keep your duty, be diligent until your death, and keep the ceremony of losing your father for three years.

Serving a teacher should not be outspoken about his shortcomings, but it should not be silent all the time. You should wait on the teacher as carefully as your parents until his death. Although you don't worry about Dai Xiao, you will feel three years of bereavement in your heart. Ji Wuzi built a house. The homestead was originally Du's graveyard, and some Du family members were buried under the western steps.

Du Jiaxin died and asked Ji Wuzi to allow him to be buried together. Ji Wuzi agreed. Du's descendants entered Ji Wuzi's house and dared not cry. Ji Wuzi said: "Joint burial is not an ancient system. They have been buried together since the Duke of Zhou, and it hasn't changed since then. Since I allow the Du family to be buried together, what reason is there not to allow the Du family to cry? " So let them cry.

The original text of the Book of Rites Tan Gong by Dai Sheng in the Western Han Dynasty:

The loss of childe, Tan Gong from what. Tadashi gave up his grandson and set up a son. Tan Gongdao: "Where do you live? I haven't smelled it before. " I quickly held my son to the right of the door and said, "Why did Nakako set up a son instead of his grandson?" Bo Zi said, "Zhongzi is still following the ancient way. In the past, King Wen gave up the Boyi exam and established the King of Wu, and the son of Wei gave up his grandson and established Yan. Fu Zhongzi is still taking the ancient road. 」

Ziyou asked Confucius, and Confucius said, "No! Li Sun. " If you don't commit a crime, you will be left and right, and you will be diligent to death, resulting in three years of mourning. If you commit a crime and don't hide it, you will take good care of it and serve it diligently until you die, MINUS three years. If a teacher has no offense or concealment, he will have no food and clothing, and he will serve diligently until he dies, losing his heart for three years.

Ji Wuzi went to bed, and Du Shi was buried under the Western Order. Please bury him together and make a promise. I dare not cry when I enter the palace. Woods said, "Being buried together is not old. It hasn't changed since Duke Zhou. I allow it to be big but not small. Where can I live? " The cry of life.

Extended data writing background:

It is said that the poems, books, rites, music, changes, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Six Classics written by Confucius' disciples are the carriers of the highest philosophy in China's classical culture. However, it is not easy to read them through, so we should make more explanations to help us understand the rituals in the Six Classics. If you don't understand etiquette, the ceremony will become a worthless ceremony.

Therefore, in the process of practicing etiquette, the post-1970 s wrote a large number of papers explaining the classic meaning, collectively called "Ji", which belongs to the vassal of etiquette. After Qin Shihuang burned books to bury Confucianism, there were still many "notes" written in pre-Qin prose in the Western Han Dynasty, including "13 1 article" in the History of Art Granted by Han Dynasty and the History of Literature.

According to the Annals of Sui Shu Classics, these documents were collected by Wang Xian, a native of Hejian, from the people, and Liu Xiang got dozens of articles when he was studying the classics, including Yin Mingtang Yang Ji, Confucius Three Dynasties Ji, Wang Shishi Ji and Yue Ji, and the total number increased to 2 14. Due to the large number of records, and there are two versions of fine and coarse, by the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were two kinds of anthologies in society. One is Dade 85, called Dadai Li Ji; Second, Dade's nephew Dai Sheng's Forty-Nine Articles, called The Book of Rites of Little Dai.

Li Ji from generation to generation is not widely circulated, but it is still in decline, as noted in Lu Bian of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. By the Tang Dynasty, most of them had been lost, with only 39 articles left, and even Sui Shu, Tang Shu and Song Shu were not recorded. The Book of Rites for Little Dai was named "Book of Rites" by later generations because of Zheng Xuan's meticulous attention and infinite scenery. ?

Content introduction:

It is one of the "three rites", one of the "five classics" and one of the "thirteen classics". Since Zheng Xuan annotated The Book of Rites in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the status of The Book of Rites has been rising day by day, and it was honored as "Jing" in the Tang Dynasty. After the Song Dynasty, it ranked first in the "Three Rites". The knowledge and ideological theory of ancient cultural history recorded in the Book of Rites have an important influence on the inheritance of Confucian culture, contemporary cultural education and moral cultivation, and the construction of a harmonious socialist society.

The book mainly describes the pre-Qin ritual system, which embodies the pre-Qin Confucian philosophical thoughts (such as the view of heaven, world outlook and outlook on life), educational thoughts (such as personal cultivation, educational system, teaching methods and school management), political thoughts (such as educational politics, building a harmonious society, ritual system and criminal law) and aesthetic thoughts (such as the theory of material sense and the theory of harmony between rites and music). It is an important material for studying the pre-Qin society.