What's the matter with the aristocrats who came from behind and the Confucian scholars who lived as hermits in China?

At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, education rose in the vassal states. Lu was famous for Zhou Li and was also the originator of ancient education. After Zhou Wuwang's successful attack on Zhou Dynasty, he took the ritual system as the guiding principle of the ruling class. Although it was created by Zhou Wuwang, it was still used by the rulers several years after the division and dynasty change in the later Zhou Dynasty. "Confucianism" is the unique title of scholars who follow the etiquette of the Zhou Dynasty, while the other school inherits the educators taught by Confucianism and calls it seclusion.

Confucianism and Yin are both scholars who appeared before Confucius and Confucianism. They form their own system and travel around the world, but although they are all single and divided into two factions, they have never formed a specific academic system. How does Confucianism make a living? What are the similarities and differences between Confucianism and seclusion in the way of inheriting academics? Why did Confucius look down on individual Confucian scholars?

Learning etiquette is the privilege of nobles.

After Wang Jianchao of the Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Li was promoted, which was originally regarded as the rule of the ruling class, so the etiquette system of education fell on the shoulders of literati. Scholar-officials learn the etiquette of Zhou and pass them on to the prince and their children. After learning the ceremony, the nobles know to respect the old and love the young, and know the righteousness and shame. Zhou Li knows right from wrong and knows what to do and what not to do. Scholars in Zhou Li believe that this is a necessary process for people to experience different animals, which is rude and barbaric, and is not good for poultry.

However, etiquette is complicated and obscure, and it is difficult for many aristocratic children to teach. On the other hand, due to the establishment of the feudal system, they deliberately distanced themselves from the common people to facilitate the rulers' favor. Zhou Li was only circulated among princes and princes.

Thus, Zhou Li became the privilege of the scholar-officials and nobles, who held a prominent position, had the political power to discuss state affairs with the monarch, and had a fief for them to eat and wear. After the brothers and sisters of the Zhou Dynasty changed to the hereditary system, the nobles other than the eldest son could not inherit the family business, and their influence gradually weakened. It is said that several generations actually went to the people and became ordinary people.

And the noble knowledge they inherited also followed them to the people. Under the influence of the system, many royal families gradually moved towards the people, which is not a bad thing for the society, but also contributes to the popularization of knowledge to a certain extent. At this time, people often play jokes on each other. Who is the husband after Zhou Wang? Most ordinary people are of royal blood.

The origin and occupation of Confucianism

People are the insulators of education. After the decline of aristocrats in Zhou Dynasty, knowledge flowed into the people, which promoted a good atmosphere of knowledge education. The etiquette state of the Zhou Dynasty was in Shandong, which was a famous hometown of education and produced several famous educators. Confucius is one of the most influential. His Confucianism has been passed down through the ages and is still a classic. The word Confucianism was not originally created by Confucius, and there was the original Confucianism before Confucius. Both Shang Dynasty and Zhou Dynasty worshipped ghosts, and Zhou Dynasty inherited the customs of Shang Dynasty and increased the culture of the dynasty. Sacrifice is an indispensable ceremony for believing in ghosts and gods.

However, the sacrificial rites are complex, and a single scholar who is good at this subject does not have enough spare capacity to complete the whole set of learning. In order to make the sacrifice more perfect and quick, the monarch appeared four priests in China. Master, record what happened during the sacrifice. Too good a wish, not a ceremony of the monarch. Taizong, responsible for the placement and types of sacrifices in the ancestral temple. Taibu, tortoise shell soothsayer. These four monarchs and courtiers were the original Confucianists. They were proficient in poetry, calligraphy, ceremony and music, and they were the think tanks of Zhou Jian's nobles and monarchs.

According to "Zuo Zhuan Gong Thirteen Years": "The great event of a country lies in respect and honor".

State affairs, sacrifice and fighting are two major events next to Zhou Jianguo. In these important events, the status of these four priests is very high. Because of this origin, during the later dynasties, there was a tendency to hand over political power to priests.

The academic level of hermits

Yin and Confucian students are descendants of noble scholars. Confucianism lobbies everywhere to teach etiquette and pass on classics for a living. A hermit, as its name implies, is a bachelor between seclusion and landscape. This scholar makes a living by farming. Although he has academic knowledge, he doesn't miss it. 1986, an earthquake occurred in the state of Jin, and the earth collapsed. The king of Jin was anxious and paced up and down the palace. How should the monarch solve such a serious matter? Although he is talented, he has no heart.

Asked about the North Korean doctor, he shook his head again and again, at a loss. King Jin thought of a famous scholar, Bo Zong. At the invitation of the king of Jin, Bozong arrived in the state of Jin day and night. When he accelerated, he met a carriage full of goods and blocked the way. Bozong drinks, get out of the way.

The driver of the carriage replied, instead of waiting for me to get out of the way, why not take a detour and go faster? Bozong thought this man had courage and asked him where he came from. When the coachman came back from the state of Jin, Bozong asked again, Do you know what happened in the state of Jin recently? Driver's road, earthquake, landslide. Boss kept asking, what do you think? The coachman then familiarized Bozong with the duties of the monarch in the Zhou ceremony. Bo Zong was overjoyed and took him to the State of Jin to talk with the monarch for a while. The monarch then accepted his suggestion.

This shows that a hermit can easily solve a very difficult problem in the eyes of a scholar-bureaucrat, and he can recite Zhou Li's content, which many scholars still can't do.

Gentleman Confucianism and Villain Confucianism

In Zhou Li, Confucius thinks he is a gentleman and a Confucian, and his belief is greater than etiquette. Gentleman Confucianism is a school that combines political ambition with traditional system, but Confucius said.

According to The Analects of Confucius: "You are a Confucian gentleman, not a Confucian villain."

What kind of school is Confucianism, the villain despised by Confucius? This is related to the professional characteristics of Confucianism. Confucian scholars generally take funerals and gifts as their income sources, and ancient gifts are the rice bowl of every Confucian scholar. The analysis of Confucian figures is a necessity for people. Everything that needs words in ancient Chinese symbolizes its softness, and the word "weak scholar" means that literati rely on others to survive.

What is gentleman Confucianism is very clear, so what is the relationship between villain Confucianism and gentleman Confucianism? The villain is also a Confucian scholar, but he only has knowledge, no ambition and no sense of shame. He just eats and wears warm clothes, regardless of any principles. The villain Confucianism was not invited by others, but automatically brought the whole family to the door at the funeral to have a meal with the nobles. When there is no funeral, I would rather stay at home than go out to greet each other. When I am hungry, I beg for food from others. No wonder Confucius is contemptuous, full of learning and not serving the country, shameless and lazy.

At the beginning, Confucian scholars made a living by offering sacrifices and passing on gifts, while hermits made a living by farming. Both sides inherited the same academic accomplishment. However, some hermits are hidden, and the villain Confucianism and Confucius regard them as dirt. People who don't cherish knowledge and personality don't deserve respect from others. In the late Spring and Autumn Period, due to the rise of war and the struggle for political power among princes, the monarch's demand for scholars and counselors increased greatly, and the status of Confucianism rose to a new peak. The monarch recruited tourists to become doctors and built palaces for them to prove its importance.

refer to

Thirteen Years of Zuo Zhuan Qi Huangong and The Analects of Confucius.