Zuozhuan, a classic of Chinese studies: the first year of literature.

original text

In the spring of the first year, the king ascended the throne. In February, there will be food every day. The heavenly king sent his uncle to the funeral. In the summer of April, Ding Si buried my husband Gong. The heavenly king sent Mao Bo to the West Palace for orders. Jin Hou attacked Wei. Uncle Sun likes the capital Chende very much. Defend the people and attack the gold. In autumn, Gongsun Ao will be in peace. At the end of October in winter, the minister of Chu Shizi killed his monarch. Gongsun Aoruqi.

Legend has it that in the spring of the first year, the king sent Uncle Naishi to attend the funeral. Gongsun ao heard that he could meet people and his second son. Uncle Fu said, "The grain is swollen, but the fruit is hard to harvest. The valley is also abundant, and there must be a country after Lu. 」

So March, indecent assault. The timing of the first king is also the beginning of shoes, the middle of shoes and the end of shoes. From the beginning, the order will not be awkward. If you are right, the people will not be confused. If you go back to the end, things will remain the same.

In the summer of April, Ding Si was buried.

The king sent Mao to the West Palace for orders. Uncle Sun and Chen De worship like a week.

In the new season, the governors all went to the state of Jin. Wei Chenggong did not go to court, so Comte invaded Zheng, cut cotton, cut cotton, cut cotton. Duke Xiang of Jin was auspicious, so he sued the princes and attacked Wei and Nanyang. Stay here and say, "If it succeeds, it will be a disaster." . Please be king, and I will learn from you. King Yuwen of the Jin Dynasty lived first, and Xu Chen attacked Wei. In May, Xin Youshuo was surrounded by Mr. Jin. In June, the Reform Movement of 1898 took its place and Sun won.

The defender told Chen. Chen * * * said, "If you cut me again, I will quit." Wei cut gold, and the gentleman thought it was ancient. The ancients tried to cross the country.

Autumn, Jin Hou Jiang Qitian, so Gongsun Ao will meet him.

At first, Zi Chu will take his eldest son Shang Chen to visit Lingyinzi. The master said, "Your teeth haven't healed yet. Too much love is chaotic. Chu's move. Remain unchanged in the minority. And it's human. The bee's eyes are buzzing, which makes people unbearable. " Listen. I want to be a prince, my eldest son and minister of commerce. Shang Chen heard it, but didn't check it. He said to his teacher, Pan Chong, "In that case, why do we have to make an inspection?" ? Pan Chong said, "I'm happy to ask about the river but I don't respect it." From it. Qiu Jiang said angrily, "Oh, servant! Wang Yijun wanted to kill his daughter and set up a position. " Tell Pan Chong: "I believe it." Pan Chongyue: "What can you do?" Say, "No," "Can you?" Say, "No.""Can you do great things?" Said, "Yes. 」

In winter and October, the palace armor is surrounded by the king. The king invited the bear to die. Listen. Ding Wei, Wang Biao. They all say that "spirit" is not good; Say, "success" is success. Mu took it as his eldest son's room, and Pan Chong was in charge of Yin.

MuBo such as qi, beginning to hire how, also. Hire on the throne, practice old friendship, and give it to others. You will be kind to your neighbors, defend your country, be loyal and humble. Loyalty, virtue is also positive; Faith, the stability of virtue; Humility is the foundation of virtue.

In the battle of vegetables, because the Jin people belonged to Qin Shuai, Dr. Qin and his left and right sides said to Qin Bo, "It is defeat, and Meng Ming's crime is also a crime, and it must be killed." Qin Bo said: "This is the crime of loneliness. Zhou Ruiliang's poem: "Strong winds are authentic, greedy people are scum, listening to words is reasonable, and words are drunk. Bandits use their goodness to cover me." "It's greed and loneliness. Loneliness and greed have harmed the master. What is the master's sin? "After the government.

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In the spring of the first year, King Xiang of Zhou sent his uncle to Lu to attend Gong's funeral. Hearing that Uncle Yi can visit fortune-teller, Gongsun Ao went to see him with his two sons. Uncle Fu said, "Gu can sacrifice and support you, but it is difficult to bury you. If the valley is full of jaws, future generations will grow up in Lu. "

This year is March, which is against traditional habits. The first king revised the seasons, and the calculation of the annual calendar began from the winter solstice. The months of vernal equinox, autumnal equinox, summer solstice and winter solstice are defined as the middle months of the four seasons, and the rest days are classified as the end of the year. The calculation of the calendar starts from the winter solstice, so that the order of the four seasons will not be disordered; The new moon will prevail, and the people will not be confused; Put the remaining months at the end of the year and set a leap month, and things will not go wrong.

Summer, April 26th, public burial. King Xiang of Zhou sent Mao to Lu and wrote a bamboo slip certificate to Duke Wen of Lu. Uncle Sun went to Chengzhou to thank him.

In Jin Wengong's later years, all the governors went to the state of Jin to appear before the court, except Wei Chenggong. He sent Dakong to attack Zheng, Mianxian, Xi 'an and Kuang Di. Duke Xiang of Jin sent someone to inform the princes to crusade against defending the country, and arrived in Nanyang after holding Xiaoxiang sacrifice. Live first and then say, "It is evil to learn bad manners. Please worship Zhou Wang, my subordinates are with the army. " Duke Xiang of Jin worshiped King Xiang of Zhou in Wendi. First and foremost, Xu Chen attacked the country. On the first day of May, the Jin army surrounded the land. On the eighth day of June, he seized the land and captured Sun.

Guo Wei sent someone to report to Chen Guo. Chen Gong said, "Turn around and attack them. I will tell them. " Kunda, who defended the country, led troops to attack the state of Jin. This gentleman thinks it is too careless to do so. Carelessness means asking other countries to give you advice.

In autumn, Duke Xiang of Jin demarcated the farmland boundary of Qi State, so Gong Sun 'ao participated.

At the beginning, the king of Chu planned to make a minister a prince and ask your son for advice. The master said, "The king is not old enough, and there are many pets at home. If he sets up a minister and dethrones him, there will be disaster. Prince Chu Guoli often chooses young ones. Besides, Shang Chen has the eyes of a wasp and the voice of a jackal. He is a cruel man and cannot be made a prince. " King Chu Cheng wouldn't listen. After the establishment of the Minister of Commerce, he wants to establish a prince and abolish the Minister of Commerce. Shang Chen heard the news, but didn't make it clear. He told his teacher Pan Chong, "How can I do it right?" Pan Chong said, "You deliberately hosted a banquet for Gracilaria to show disrespect." This is made by Shang Chen. Jiang Lan was angry and said, "Ah! Bitch! No wonder the king wants to kill you and become a prince. " Shang Chen told Pan Chong: "It's true." Pan Chong said, "Can I serve my son?" Shang Chen said, "No." Pan Chong said, "Can you escape abroad?" Shang Chen said, "No." Pan Chong said, "Can you do great things?" Shang Chen said, "Yes."

In winter and October, Shang Chen led the palace guards to surround the King of Chu and forced him to commit suicide. King Cheng asked to die after eating the bear's paw, but the minister refused. /kloc-on 0/8, King Chucheng hanged himself and died. Give him a nickname "spirit", and the body will not close its eyes; Close your eyes only when you are a "successful" King Chu Mu acceded to the throne, and gave his house and property to Pan Chong as a prince, making Pan Chong a teacher and the first mate in charge of the palace guards.

When Mubo arrived in Qi, he began to ask questions, which was in line with the ceremony. Whenever the monarch ascended the throne, the Qing capital went abroad to pay respects, continue to relive the old friendship, unite foreign aid, be kind to neighboring countries, and defend the country. This is in line with loyalty, faith and humility. Loyalty means the purity of political morality; Faith means the consolidation of political morality; Humility means that political morality has a foundation.

In this battle, the state of Jin returned the commander-in-chief of the state of Qin, and the doctors and courtiers of the state of Qin said, "This defeat is wrong, and he must be killed." Qin Mugong said, "This is my sin. Zhou Dairui's poem said: "Strong winds quickly destroy everything, and greedy people corrode kindness. I like to interrupt when I hear irrelevant things, and I doze off when I hear poetry books. I can't hire talented people, but it makes me violate morality. "This is because of greed, that's me. I made Meng Ming suffer from greed. What crime did Meng Ming commit? " Put Meng Ming back in power.

Extended reading:

Zuo zhuan's problem solving

Legend has it that Zuo Zhuan was written by Zuo Qiuming, a historian at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. Sima Qian, Ban Gu and others all think that Zuo Zhuan was written by Zuo Qiuming. Six Classics of the Stone by Liu Zhiji in Tang Dynasty: "Zuo's family originated in Zuo Qiuming." In the Tang Dynasty, Zhao Kuang first suspected that Zuo Zhuan was not written by Zuo Qiuming. Since then, many scholars have expressed doubts about this. Many people think that Zuo Zhuan was not Zuo Qiuming. Ye Mengde believes that the author came from the Warring States period; Zheng Qiao's Six Classics and Olympics is considered to be the Chu people in the Warring States Period. Zhu thought it was the post-Chu Zuo's leaning; Xiang Anshi thought it was done by Wei people; Cheng Duanxue thinks it is a fake book. Ji Yun in Qing Dynasty still thinks that it was written by Zuo Qiuming in the Catalogue of Siku Quanshu. Kang Youwei thinks it was written by Liu Xin. Today, it is believed that Wu Qi did it, and Zhao Guangxian thinks that it was done by Zuo Shi, a native of Lu during the Warring States Period. It is generally believed that Zuo Zhuan was written by Wu Qi and was written in the middle of the Warring States Period (the middle of the 4th century BC).

Based on the Spring and Autumn Annals, Zuo Zhuan illustrates the outline of Spring and Autumn Annals by describing the specific historical facts in the Spring and Autumn Period. Sima Qian said in the Chronicle of Twelve Governors in Historical Records: "Zuo Qiuming, a gentleman of Lu, was afraid of heresy among his disciples, and each had his own opinions and lost his reason. So because Confucius' Historical Records has his own words, it became Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals. "