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Southeast Asian constitutional monarchy countries

Kingdom of Thailand (Thai:? , English: the Kingdom of Thailand), commonly known as Thailand. Constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia. Thailand is located in the middle of Indochina Peninsula, bordering Myanmar and Andaman Sea in the west, Laos in the northeast, Cambodia in the southeast and Malaysia in the south. Formerly known as Siam, 1949. On May 1 1 day, Thais changed "Siam" to "Thailand" with their own country name, which means "freedom". With the implementation of the free economic policy, the economy developed rapidly in the 1990s and became one of the "Four Little Dragons of Asia". It is one of the emerging industrial countries and emerging market economies in the world. One of the top five exporters of agricultural products in the world. The electronic industry and other manufacturing industries have developed rapidly, and the industrial structure has changed obviously. Automobile industry is the pillar industry, the automobile manufacturing center in Southeast Asia and the largest automobile market in ASEAN. Thailand is one of the most famous tourist attractions in the world. Thailand is a Buddhist country, and most Thais believe in the four-faced Buddha. Buddhists account for more than 90% of the national population. Thailand is a member and founding member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, and also a member of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Asia-Europe Meeting and World Trade Organization. 2018 On April 19, Alibaba signed four agreements with Thailand, with a planned investment of 2.2 billion RMB.

Chinese name

Kingdom of Thailand [1]

national leader

King: Rama X; Prime Minister: Ba Yu Zhan Ocha [2]

Foreign name

Thai kingdom

contact area

5 13, 120 km2

abbreviate

Thailand

more

The development of history

Sukhothai period

Thailand has a history and culture of more than 700 years, formerly known as Siam.

In 1238, the Sukhothai dynasty was established and a relatively unified country began to form. It experienced Sukhothai Dynasty, Dacheng Dynasty, Wuli Dynasty and Bangkok Dynasty.

Sukhothai in northern Thailand is the capital of Sukhothai Dynasty (AD 1238- 1356), the first independent dynasty in Thai history. Sukhothai means "happy dawn" in Thai. It was originally just a city under the jurisdiction of Angkor in Cambodia. Later, the local Thais revolted, attacked the city and plundered the land, and established the founding dynasty of Thailand here. According to historical records, Thailand was prosperous during the Sukhothai dynasty, and its territory far exceeded its present territory. Especially when Emperor Lan Ganxing was in power, Thai and the earliest Songjialuo ceramics industry were founded in Siam, which opened a new era in Thai history. [4] At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Prime Minister Chen was defeated and occupied the city. Later, he left Siam and died in Siam.

Dacheng period

The Yuan Dynasty was a powerful country and determined to develop outward. Southeast Asian countries have paid tribute to the Yuan Dynasty, and Thailand is no exception.

1350, King Wu Tong established his capital in Ayutthaya, declared his independence from Sukhothai Kingdom, established Ayutthaya Kingdom, and soon annexed Sukhothai Kingdom, and was made King of Siam by China in the Ming Dynasty. 1767, the Burmese army captured the big city, and the big city was destroyed. [5] There were 33 monarchs in 4 17 * * * in Dacheng calendar year.

In the first year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty, Cheng Zu gave Siam a seal of Wang Jinyin, and the king of Siam also sent envoys to give thanks.

When Zheng He went to the West, many people stayed in Siam. In the early Ming Dynasty, China's overseas activities were very frequent. Cheng Zu of the Ming Dynasty sent Zheng He to lead the fleet to seven voyages to the West. Siam, located in the sea passage from Vietnam to Malaysia, is a must. At that time, Chinese businessmen were already living in Southeast Asia. Ma Su, who accompanied Zheng He to the Western Seas, wrote a book entitled The Victory of Siam, which described the situation in Siam: "The country is thousands of miles away, the mountains are rugged and the inland is wet. There is almost no barren soil for farming, and the climate is not right, either cold or hot. The house in the king's official residence is quite gorgeous and tidy. People's houses are built like buildings, but they are demolished like bamboo buildings with betel nuts, and the dense pendulums are firmly tied with rattan. Spread a rattan bamboo mat and the bamboo will lie on it. He dressed up as a king, with a white cloth on his head, no clothes on it, a bread handkerchief and brocade around his waist. Ride an elephant or sit in a sedan chair in and out. One person holds an umbrella with a golden handle, made of grass leaves, which is very good. Wang Chongxin teaches Buddhism. Many people in China are monks and nuns. Buddhist monks and nuns wear the same colors as China. I also live in a temple and fast. The custom is that women are in charge. If the king and his people have any discussion about the importance of buying and selling, it is up to their wives. "

Since16th century, it has been invaded by colonialists such as Portugal, Holland, Britain and France.

Monarchs in big cities have been influenced by Khmer culture from the beginning. They are no longer benevolent and approachable monarchs like the parents of Sukhothai dynasty, but autocratic emperors and adopt the title of God King. In the early period of this period, the rule of big cities extended to the neighboring principality of Thailand and clashed with neighboring countries. /kloc-in the 7th century, Siam began to establish diplomatic and commercial relations with western countries.

1767, Myanmar invaded and successfully captured the big city. Although the Burmese won, their rule over Siam did not last long. The young General Zheng Xin and his entourage broke through the encirclement of the Burmese and fled to Jianquan. Seven months after the fall of Dacheng, he and his army returned to the capital by boat, driving away the defenders of Myanmar and recovering Dacheng.