What is psychology?

Psychology, also known as psychical reaseach, is a discipline that studies some spiritual phenomena in human life that are beyond the norm and cannot be explained by scientific knowledge. Psychology first appeared in Britain and America in the late19th century, and has been popular in Europe ever since. Since 1930s, it has been generally called "super psychology".

The main idea of the science of mind is that human beings have a potential ability to perceive the world without normal sensory channels. It divides its research objects into two categories: one is the abnormal phenomenon of biological cognition, namely "extra sensory perception"; The other is the phenomenon that organisms act on matter without physical media, that is, "spiritual power".

Extrasensory perception refers to the ability to obtain some external information without the help of normal sensory channels, mainly including telepathy and clairvoyance (also known as perspective). The former means that one person's thoughts and concepts can be transmitted to another person in the distance (or isolated) without any known media, such as thinking transmission; The latter refers to having a special perception of invisible events or things, such as knowing what is happening in the distance, distinguishing skin color and so on.

Mental drive refers to the ability to make an object move or change its position without touching each other, for example, to make an object move or change its active state with ideas. In addition, there are so-called foresight and hindsight, that is, information about future or past events is not limited by time and space, and only the human body can obtain it.

Psychology is also widely related to various mysterious phenomena that cannot be perfectly explained by science at present. These mysterious phenomena mainly include: UFO, wand, thinking photography and so on. As for astrology, physiognomy, palm reading, word reading and bone reading, it is called "pseudo-psychology".

The research thought of psychology originates from idealism, which is the opposite view to Darwin's materialism about natural selection. /kloc-in the 9th century, some people witnessed the decline of religion, but they firmly believed in the Christian concepts of life after death, heaven and hell, and thought that spiritual phenomena were not only the forms of movement with living matter. They began to investigate some unexplained and unobservable phenomena, such as information transmission and the role of force fields.

1882, the first spiritual research society was established in London, England. The first chairman was Sidgwick, a researcher at Trinity College, Cambridge University. The association has six committees to investigate and study the phenomenon of thinking communication. 1885, the United States has also established the Mind Research Association. In the United States, Coover of Stanford University first tried to conduct an experimental study on the phenomenon of superpsychology, and his conclusion was that he could not support the telepathy hypothesis.

From the 1920s, the work in this field began to shift from qualitative research to quantitative research. Its main researcher is Rein of Duke University, who collected about 65,438+05,000 examples and developed some experimental materials (such as Zenaka) and research methods to control and accurately measure the observed values. He also founded the Journal of Parapsychology.

After World War II, psychology further developed research methods, improved randomization, controlled experimental conditions and automatic detection devices, and automatically controlled experiments and analyzed results with computers. In addition, experiments on the subconscious level and sensory deprivation conditions, as well as studies involving sleep and dreams, have been carried out, and psychological research has also been active for some time. It was not until 1988 that the American Academy of Sciences, the Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medical Sciences set up special committees to evaluate psychology and published a negative report.

In recent years, in China, anomalous phenomenon of human activities, such as children's ability to read with their ears, and similar spirit-driven phenomena in Qigong, have appeared from time to time, which are collectively called "human special functions". This phenomenon and problem has aroused social concern. 1980 In February, the first national symposium on human specific functions was held in Shanghai. Since then, various places have set up human special function research societies.

Some people in the scientific and technological circles advocate the study of human body's special functions, believing that it is intrinsically related to Qigong and TCM theory, and trying to demonstrate the objective reality of its existence by means of standardized scientific methods such as physics (such as quantum theory or force field explanation). They think this is a major scientific and technological research topic. However, quite a few scholars disagree with this view, and many research reports have negatively analyzed the special functions of the human body with supernatural phenomena.

As far as psychological research or human specific function itself is concerned, although a large number of examples and experiments are cited to prove the existence of superpsychological phenomena, there is no acceptable evidence to explain this ability satisfactorily in the scientific community. In addition, the emergence of special functions is often accidental and elusive, and it is also incompatible with recognized scientific knowledge. Therefore, whether this extraordinary spiritual phenomenon really exists or just reflects people's desire to control and manipulate their own future remains to be further studied and discussed.

Psychology is a pseudo-science, but it is unfounded to find out what science can't explain for the time being and suspend it. Psychology does not dissect people's psychology as deeply as psychology does, but gives people some so-called specific explanations. Moreover, psychology is closely related to image science such as divination, which is contrary to scientific value thought. Therefore, the theory of mind cannot be called modern science.