Oracle Bone Inscriptions's main record?

Oracle Bone Inscriptions, mainly referring to Oracle Bone Inscriptions in the Yin Ruins, was carved (or written) on tortoise shells and animal bones by the royal family in the late Shang Dynasty (14 ~ 1 century) in China. This is the earliest and most complete ancient Chinese character discovered by China.

In the 25th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1899), Oracle Bone Inscriptions was first known by epigraphist Wang and bought at a high price. In the following ten years, Wang Xiang, Meng, Liu E, Luo Zhenyu, as well as Fallen in the United States, Ku Shouling and Zhang Jin in Britain, Lin Taifu in Japan and James Mellon Menzies in Canada, etc. The Oracle bones were searched successively, and tens of thousands of pieces of Oracle bones were obtained. 9.1111110 15 Archaeological Group of Institute of History and Linguistics, Academia Sinica excavated in a planned way. Later, Oracle bones were unearthed from Yin Ruins. 1973, the Institute of Archaeology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences excavated more than 4,000 pieces of Oracle bones in Xiaotun South, Anyang, Henan. Except Yin Ruins, 1953 and 1954 are all in Zhengzhou. Since 1954, about 300 pieces of Oracle Bone Inscriptions of the Western Zhou Dynasty have been unearthed in Hongdong, Shaanxi, Changping, Fenghao, Zhouyuan and Feng Chu, Qishan.

Since Oracle bone inscriptions were first discovered, more than 50,000 pieces of Oracle bones/kloc-0 have been unearthed in Chinese mainland, Taiwan Province Province, Hong Kong and Macao, Japan, the United States, Britain, Canada, France, the Soviet Union, Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden and other countries, and South Korea also has collections.

Most of the unearthed Oracle bone inscriptions have been recorded and published, such as Liu E's Tieyun Hiding a Turtle, Luo Zhenyu's Yinxu Shuqi and Yinxu Shuqi Later Edition, James Mellon Menzies's Yinxu Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Lin Taifu's Tortoise and Beast Bone Essays, and Wang Xiang's Essays on Stan Yin Qi. Later, there were Dong Zuobin's Collection of Yin Ruins and Collection of Yin Ruins, Hu Houxuan's Collection of Newly Acquired Oracle Bones in postwar Nanjing and Shanghai, the records of Oracle bones seen in the north and south after the war, the newly acquired Oracle bones in Beijing and Tianjin after the war, and the continuation of Oracle bones. The Collected Works of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, edited by Guo Moruo and Hu Houxuan, found hundreds of thousands of recorded and unrecorded pieces in Oracle Bone Inscriptions for more than 80 years. * * * Collected about 40,000 pieces of Oracle bones and compiled them into thirteen volumes, which provided systematic data for studying Oracle bone inscriptions and Shang history. In addition, 1973 Oracle bones unearthed in xiaotun south have been included in the book xiaotun south Oracle bones. Oracle bones hidden in Japan, Canada, the United States, Britain, France, the Soviet Union, Germany and other countries are also recorded in books.

Oracle Bone Inscriptions is a relatively mature language, which mainly uses pictographs, loanwords and pictographs. Today, Chinese characters are mainly pictographs, so Oracle Bone Inscriptions provided the basic form of Chinese character structure for future generations. Grammatically, there are nouns, pronouns, verbs and adjectives in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, and their sentence patterns and structural order are basically the same as those of later generations.

Because the Shang King knew almost everything, Oracle Bone Inscriptions's content involved all fields of the Shang society. According to the information about the Shang class and country in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, slaves and civilians in Shang Dynasty were composed of people with different identities, such as the masses, Chu, Qiang, servants and concubines. Slave owners and nobles include former princes and their spouses, such as, Yan, Mu, Zi Ruzi and so on. The army has divisions, brigades, etc. Punishment includes chopping, cutting, etc. Prisons have also been set up. Oracle Bone Inscriptions also recorded the sacrificial rites of Shang people, which is directly related to solving the social nature of Shang dynasty. The Shang Dynasty often waged wars with foreign countries, and the conquered countries paid tribute to the Shang Dynasty. In Oracle Bone Inscriptions, it is common to record people's visits and horses, cows, sheep and turtles.

Oracle Bone Inscriptions is rich in social production content of Shang Dynasty. In agriculture, there are records of ploughing and ploughing, as well as the names of various crops, such as millet, millet, wheat, rice and so on. In animal husbandry, Shang Wang was concerned about the abundance of agricultural harvest and reduced the impact on agricultural harvest. It was common to set up millet, save millet, pray for the new year and tell autumn. There are a large number of livestock and special stables. A large number of cattle and sheep are often used in sacrificial ceremonies. Fishing and hunting still played a certain role in the social life of Shang Dynasty. The prey recorded in Oracle Bone Inscriptions include deer, elk, tapir, elephant, tiger, fox, fish and various birds. Hunting methods include wild hunting, hunting, hunting and trap shooting. There are also shellfish, friends and marmosets in Oracle Bone Inscriptions.

Oracle Bone Inscriptions also enriched the ideological and cultural content of Shang Dynasty. There are solar eclipses, eclipses, birds and stars, new stars and big stars in the astronomical calendar, as well as leap month data such as "March" and "time scales" of branches to record different stages of a day. In meteorology, there are many records about divination, one day, clouds, thunder, hail, snow and rainbow.

The king worships ghosts and can predict everything. The content of divination is mostly centered on the king. Regarding his concerns, such as offering sacrifices to ancestors and natural gods, paying attention to wind, rain, water, astronomical phenomena, farming, years of success, etc., he asked God, ghosts and gods, the first male and the first king, etc. Through virgins, we can predict good or bad luck and hope to be guaranteed. Most of the divination materials are tortoise shells (and a small amount of shellfish).

Generally, Oracle bone inscriptions are carved with a vertical picture first, then a horizontal picture, then a preface, a sign, a good word and a word, so they are also called Oracle bones. A complete Oracle Bone Inscriptions should include narrative words, life words, professional words and investigation words, but most Oracle Bone Inscriptions often omits the professional words or investigation words. Oracle Bone Inscriptions, some painted sand or ink on the description, and some wrote on Oracle Bone Inscriptions with a brush.