Detailed explanation of Ruan Ji's famous articles

I'm an old man, and I don't know my last name. Emperor Chen Tian first appeared in Shennong and Huangdi. I don't know how many years. Taste Sumen Mountain and idle away after death. Nourishing and prolonging life, natural Guang Qi. This is related to what Yao Shun is doing, if they are in their hands. Take Wan Li as a step and Chitose as one. I can't go, I can't live anywhere, but I can't live on the avenue. Mr. Wang takes adaptability as his home and the world as his home. He is doomed to decline, but he lives alone. I think I can let nature take its course, so I silently explore morality, which is different from the world. Self-righteous people are not. Ignorant people blame them and don't know that their changes are subtle. And Mr. Wang is not a miracle but an easy task. Mr. Wang thinks that the central area is on earth and has never been covered by mosquitoes and flies, so it has never been taken seriously, but he is very interested in a foreign land, and sightseeing is not seen by the world, and there is no ultimate wandering. Leave his book on Sumen Mountain. The world doesn't know what it is going to do.

Or leave a letter from an adult saying, "The world is more expensive than a gentleman. Clothing has the same color, the same principle of appearance, the same degree of speech and the same routine of action. Fold your chin when you stand up straight, and hug your drum when you arch. Exercise is disciplined, business is progressing, advance and retreat are moderate, and salt is disciplined. If you have ice in your heart, it will tremble. Restrain yourself from practicing and be careful every day. Choose a place for fear of losing it. Praise the legacy of Zhou Kong and sigh the virtue of Tang Yu. The only way is to repair, and the gift is gram. Holding jade and silk in hand, walking with rope and ink in feet, doing what you want now and saying what you want without promise. I know little about my hometown, but I have heard a lot about my country. I want to find out the land of Sangong, but I don't lose my Kyushu Island. Therefore, relying on gold and jade, Chuiwen Group enjoys a position and takes dirt. Make a name for yourself in later generations, and make contributions in the future. Serve the monarch and support the people. Retire from private enterprises and raise a wife. Buji's house is worried about a hundred million. Far disasters are near blessings, and we will always be strong. The lofty goal of this sincere gentleman is a beautiful deed that has never been easy to achieve since ancient times. Today's gentleman lives in a sea of Wang Yang, with his hair over his shoulders, and he is far from being a gentleman. I'm afraid the world will sigh for him, not for it. It is a shame to perform to the world like a joke but not be free. Being in trouble and acting like a secular joke, I won't take it for my husband. 」

So Mr. Adult sighed, pretending to be Yun Ni, and said, "If the cloud is not clear! Adult people, like the created things, live next to heaven and earth, float freely in the world, conform to the Tao, change and gather, and are not often tangible. Heaven and earth control the territory inside, and the floating light is open to the outside world. The eternity of heaven and earth is beyond the reach of the secular. I will speak for you.

……

"Besides, you can't see your husband's lice alone. You think you are lucky to escape from a deep crack and hide a group of bad birds. Dare not leave the seam, dare not leave the crotch, and think that there is a rope of ink. Hungry, you think you have endless food. However, the flame mountain and the fire flow, scorched the capital, and the lice died in the water and could not get out. What happened to your gentleman's house? Sad husband! Instead, I feel that the disaster is far away and endless. Also, Wuyang swims in the dust, and the emu plays with love. Small has nothing to do with big. Why do you think if you were a gentleman, you would smell it?

……

"Today, I drifted away from heaven and earth, became friends with nature, enjoyed the soup valley, drank the West Sea at night, and changed things, starting from Zhou Tao. This is not thick for everything! Therefore, it goes without saying that people who are unreasonable to nature; Those who are in the dark are not bright enough, and the child is also called. 」

Now that Mr. Shen has said it, those who like novelty are different, and those who are generous are high. He doesn't know his body, can't see his feelings, guesses his words, and is hypocritical. If you don't know the truth, you can express your feelings. Although different, high above, but not strangers are dismissive. For most people, I don't know it's expensive, but I don't regard it as God. God's noble way exists inside, and everything is shipped outside. Therefore, the world will never know its use.

There is a song, it is a wild land. Some hermits like it when they see it, thinking that they all want to follow it. Say: "good! My opinion reassured me. In ancient times, the simple and pure Tao was abolished, but the last branch survived and prospered in China. Tigers are greedy and innocent. Take harm as profit and drive them away. I couldn't bear to see it, so I came here. One should not be a neighbor of wood and stone. In peacetime, he fled to Pengshan and spent the Li Qian in Danshui, where Bao withered and Li Wei died. Give it back to the quilt man! I will show my ambition, and finally I will succeed. Birds give birth to animals and die, but the bones are buried, and the rest of my life will not return! Like-minded people seek each other, and those who are good at getting along with each other face the master. 」

So Mr. Shu dusted himself with a fan, covered with snow, and wandered around Yao's box. He always walks safely and says, "The real talent in early Thailand is the only source of greatness." Committed to an ambition, everything exists. After retiring, I can't see it first. I can make it to the northwest and the southeast. Micro-morality enjoys long-term entertainment and is respected all over the world. My husband became my body. Therefore, instead of avoiding things, it is better to gamble; If you don't worry about things, you will succeed. It seems that you are comfortable with your feelings. It is enough to show your feelings. An old friend has no house, and heaven and earth are guests; Without a master, where is heaven and earth; Nothing happens to people, and the world is the same. There is no right or wrong, and there is no good or evil. Therefore, the world has always been its jersey, and everything is so blazing. If my husband hates each other and treats me well, he is naturally not a person, and he is eager to fight for it. He is noble and humble, birds live and animals die. Why should he be honored? Sad husband! The heart of the child is also! Boali has been selfless all his life, seeking fame and loss, and treating it sincerely. Why did he wither and die? What is good for children? I'm dying. "Is an eyebrow eye, vibration sleeve fondle petticoats, make it slow longitudinal, so the wind Yun Xiang. Those who look forward to it cry and grieve for their ambitions; He was covered with vegetation and lay under the rock, fearing that he would eventually die.

The wage earners said, "Is it the end of me? Don't end with me? How sad is it that saints have no arms? Up and down, often not here? Hidden weapons, crouching, Sun Bin enough to catch pang, but refused to take a break, trapped in a hundred miles to win, old and ugly teeth. It's even more embarrassing when it's upside down. Be poor first and then reap, as solid as gold. Qin defeated the six countries, annexed their land, destroyed the princes and proclaimed himself emperor in the south. She is full of color and worships beauty. Chisel the South Mountain for the que, the East China Sea for the door, the door is endless, the painting is endless and eternal. The beautiful palace is covered with curtains, beating gongs and drums to publicize its chapter. Guangyuan Shenchi and Xianyang are built on the north side of Weihe River. The tile tree has not yet grown into a forest, and thorns have clustered around Afang. Time exists and overlaps, so you get it first and then you die. Shandong's followers were captured, so they rose up and ruled the world. From this perspective, can you see that you are poor? The sage takes morality as his heart, not wealth as his ambition; Do nothing and treat people like things. Respect does not increase, poverty does not feel inferior, loss does not feel ashamed, not proud. The roots stand upright, the branches are far away, and the leaves are lush and colorful. Endless death is still once in a lifetime. How many people are there? What is a foot camp? 」

Mr. Wang went, he went to Tangyang, overflowed, crossed the blue sky and took care of it. Then there are the carefree years, when no one merges, they disperse. Huo Qubing teeters, Yunfu winds up and shakes the lamp. Go straight to the starting point and rest in Wuwei Palace. What about the beginning? No back, no front. If we don't investigate its extreme, who knows its root. Endless, but repeated on the main road. Who knows its origin? How can the pursuit of nine spirits be enough? Climb to it for 10 thousand days and see through it. It's too windy to take a bath. Travel freely and pursue endless roads. Send Taiyi and Fu Shi around the world. It's far away from you, but the left side is boundless, the right side is at a loss, but it's silent when you listen far away, but there is no chapter when you look from below. Giving in vain and indulging in God will never be as clear as Ao Xiang.

The mountains in Cui Wei are full of mysterious clouds. The north wind is fierce and snowy, and the accumulated water is so cold that it hurts people. Yin and Yang are dislocated, the sun and moon wither, the ground cracks and trees are destroyed, and the fire is cold and the day is cold and sad. Yang is weak and yin is exhausted, the sea is frozen and does not flow, breathing is blocked, and cold cracks. Qi becomes like a god in parallel, and cold advocates heat, which hurts people. Xi and real people are too sober, and their spirit is single-minded and flat. Don't get hurt in hot and cold weather, it's better to worry than to be angry. The floating fog travels freely in the sky, and the delicate road between us is not inclined. Why fight for happiness? Everyone will die. I am an only child.

Or leave Mr. Adult's book: ②: "The world is more expensive than a gentleman. ③: Don't change color when dressing, don't change color in eyes, say the same degree and do the same routine. Fold your chin when you stand up straight, move well when you hold the drum, step forward, advance and retreat moderately, and have rules. Tremble when pregnant with ice, restrain yourself from practicing, be cautious every day, choose a place (1 1) for fear of losing it, recite Kong Zhou's teachings (12), and lament Tang Yu's morality (13). The only way is to practice, and the only way is to be polite (14). Hands on the wall (15) and feet on the rope (16). The desire to do is the current test (17), and the desire to say is infinite (18). Less called Lu Xiang (19), longer called Bangguo (20). I want to go to the map of Sangong (2 1), but I don't lose Kyushu Animal Husbandry (22). Therefore, relying on gold as jade, hanging down the literary group (23), enjoying status, taking dirt (24), leaving a name for future generations, and making contributions in the future. Serve the monarch and eat the people (25). Retired from a private enterprise (26), has a long wife (27). Buji and Zhai (28) are worried about one billion (29). Far disasters are near blessings, and we will always be strong. This is the highest achievement of a sincere gentleman (30), which is not easy at all times. Mr. Kim was sent.

Living in the vast sea (3 1), far from the gentleman, I am afraid that the world will replace Mr. Sigh. It is a shame to laugh at the world and be helpless (32). Being in trouble and acting like a secular joke, I won't take it for my husband. "

So Mr. Adult sighed (33), pretended to be Yun Ni, and replied (34): "If the cloud is still unclear (35)! A man is a great man. He is the same as creation (36), living in harmony with heaven and earth, floating freely in the world, being in harmony with Tao (37), changing and gathering (38), and not always forming (39). Heaven and earth are inside, and light is outside (40). The eternity of heaven and earth is beyond the reach of the secular. Let me tell you something for you: in the past, the sky tasted below, and the earth tasted above, over and over again. How can I be normal without losing my style (4 1)? The ground motion (42), the mountain sinking in the river (43), the cloud shaking (44) and the Liuhe irrational (45), how to choose the right place to go? I used to have a desire for survival (46), worried about death (47) and the branches were disobedient (48). As soil, roots are uprooted (49) and salt loses its place. How can you discipline yourself and practice? Li Mugong died physically, Bo Zongzhong was loyal to the world (50), died for profit (565,438+0), and earned a knighthood (52). How can you earn a trillion dollars and only serve the king and have a whole wife (53)? Besides, you can't see the lice (54) in the middle. You escape from the deep seam and hide your husband's bad sheep, thinking that you are very lucky (55). You dare not leave the seam and move out of your crotch, thinking that you have rope ink. Hungry for food (56), you think you can eat endlessly (57). However, when the fire in the hill burns (58), the burnt land will destroy the capital, and the lice will die in the water and cannot get out. What happened to your gentleman's land (59)? ……"

To annotate ...

To annotate ...

(1) This article is called biography, but it is actually prose. The full text takes the fictional character "Mr. Adult" as the ideal embodiment, strongly criticizes the hypocritical etiquette system and embodies the carefree personality spirit. The second part of the article is excerpted here. In this article, a "gentleman" wrote "Mr. Adult" and questioned his attitude towards life. Mr. Adult took the opportunity to mercilessly satirize the so-called polite people. (2) or: someone. Wèi bit: Here. (3) Gentleman: This refers to the hypocritical etiquette. (4) Fu You's sentence: According to the ancient etiquette system, according to the nobility, good or bad luck, the color of clothes is different; Facial expressions also have the requirement of "reasonable appearance". Often, definitely. Then, the law. ⑤ The sentence "You have something to say" means that you have a certain sense of proportion in your speech and a certain French style in your behavior. Degree and scale. Typing, French. ⑥ "Stand upright" sentence: Bend like a chin when standing, and hold a drum when arching. Qing is an ancient percussion instrument, which looks like a ruler and is made of jade. ⑦ "Dynamic and static" sentence: Every move should conform to the rhythm, and even the speed of walking should conform to the beat of music. Nodes and beats. Stride refers to the speed of walking. Shangyu, the name of music, refers to the rhythm of music. ⑧ "Advance and retreat" sentence: refers to following certain rules when handing over people. With people, here refers to people. Pet-name ruby "if the heart" two sentences: My heart is like holding an ice cube, fear. Attending: Restrain yourself. (1 1) The sentence of "choosing land" describes caution. "Biography of Han Feng Shi Feng": "It is a gentleman to wait in the countryside and bow to the right path." (12) Kong Zhou: refers to Duke Zhou and Confucius. (13) sigh: admire. Tang Yu: Tang Yao and Yu Shun. (14) the second sentence of "only law": law and ceremony refer to etiquette. Repair, follow. Restrain, restrain. (15) guοgauge: Jade used by ancient princes as sacrifices. Never put off till tomorrow what you can, round and like; Jue, rectangular, like the sky. The combination of the two is a perfect match. (16) Sentence: Walk according to the rules. Metaphorical behavior is up to standard. Rope ink, straight board tool. This is a metaphor for rules and norms. (17) "Action-oriented" sentence: Behavior should be an example for the present. Check, French. (18) Infinite law: eternal law. (19) Shao: When I was a child. Say: praise means to be praised. L ? ? Lu Xiang: Village. (20) odor: famous for. State: country. (2 1) Up: refers to the highest. Figure: the plot. Three fairs: Taishi, Taifu and Taibao in Zhou Dynasty; The leaders in the Western Han Dynasty were Fu, Da Situ and Da San. Qiu and Stuart were from the Eastern Han Dynasty. This refers to the highest office of the imperial court. (22) The following: refers to the lowest. Animal Husbandry in Kyushu: Ancient China was divided into Kyushu, and animal husbandry was the length of one state. This generally refers to the highest local officials. (23) The second sentence of "Therefore" describes the dignity of being an official. Precious jade refers to treasures. Wen Tuan, with patterned ribbons, is used to tie things such as gold seals. (24) Take thatched soil: it refers to sealing Hou. The ancient emperor named five-color soil (such as five squares) as a society. When sealing princes, each took local soil and wrapped it in imperata. (25) Grazing: management and feeding. (26) retreat: excused. (27) fertility: feeding. Wife: refers to the wife and children. (28) The sentence of "Buji": It means seeking good fortune through divination. (29) The sentence "consider yes": I am considering how many blessings I have. Zhǐ check is a blessing for generations. (30) high: noble taste. (3 1) Fufa: Fapi. Giant sea: the sea. The ancients thought that China was surrounded by the sea, and the former residence in the huge sea meant wandering without competition. (32) self-reliance: you can't make yourself recommended to the monarch. (33) Yi (yóu oil) ran: sigh. (34) stay: borrow. A: a. (35) "Ruoyun" sentence: It means how can your argument make sense? Ruoyun, your statement. (36) Creator: refers to the creator, that is, the creator of the world. (37) "Tao" sentence: It comes into being at the same time as the origin of the world's "Tao". Tao is the mother of all things. Chapter 25 of Laozi: "Nature comes from harmony." Lonely and lonely, independent and unchanging, it can be the mother of the world, but I don't know its name. The word "Dao" is stronger than the name "Da". "(38) Scattering and gathering: Scattering and gathering refer to life and death. Zhuangzi's "Journey to the North": "People are born together, live together, and die when they are scattered." (39) "Not often" sentence: The expression is not fixed. (40) The phrase "heaven and earth" means that heaven and earth form an inner spiritual world, and its external form is self-sufficiency and wisdom. Control the inner realm and produce the inner realm. Bright, comfortable and wise. Open, show. (4 1) "Past" Six Sentences: Ancient Confucianism often demonstrated the legitimacy of the ritual system from the perspective of heaven and earth. For example, the Book of Rites and the Book of Music say, "Heaven is respectful and humble, and the monarch and the minister must be. "I am always humble, I am always humble." Ruan Ji complained about the impermanence of heaven and earth here and tried to fundamentally deny the feudal etiquette system. Degree refers to legal norms. Constant, fixed. (42) reason: according to, and. (43) The sentence of "The Gorge": The gorge is a river valley, and the river valley is a mountain. (44) Earthquake: Thunder. (45) Liuhe: refers to the four sides of heaven and earth. Unreasonable: reverse disorder, no order. (46) Group gas: all kinds of primitive gaseous substances that make up everything. This means everything. (47) fear of death: fear of death. (48) "Support the body" sentence: Body and mind are not in harmony. Branch, use "limb". (49) Branches are separated from the trunk. Special, detached. (50) The second sentence of Li Mu: According to Records of the Historian, Biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru, during the Warring States Period, Li Mu, a famous soldier of the State of Zhao, was blocked for his outstanding exploits, and was later bribed by the State of Qin, framed as a traitor and killed. According to "Guoyu Yujin", Bozong, a doctor of the State of Jin in the Warring States Period, was loyal and liked to give advice, but he was harmed by powerful ministers. No more, no descendants. (5 1) gold: stone gold. (52) Camp: Seek. Knight status: Knight status, reward. (53) Serve only: Serve respectfully. All: security. (54) kūn Kun: Pants. (55) Jizhai: Safe House. (56) Nini: bite. (57) Endless food: endless food. (58) Qiu Yan: It refers to the extremely hot place in the south. Fire flow: as hot as fire flow. (59) in the region: in the world.