What is the architectural style of Taoranting in Beijing?

Taoranting is located in the southeast corner of Xuanwu, Beijing. Built in Qing Dynasty 1695. It was built by Langzhong Jiang Zao, the Ministry of Industry who supervised the kiln factory at that time. It was named Taoranting after the poet Bai Juyi said, "When you are familiar with the chrysanthemum family, you will get drunk with your husband as a Taoranting". It is one of the four famous pavilions in China.

Taoranting is surrounded by the lake on three sides, with Cui Lanting, the central island in the east, the kiln platform across the lake in the north, and the exquisite Yunhua Building and Yin Qing Pavilion in the west. The lake is sparkling, the lotus flowers are in full bloom, and the breeze blows on the face, making people look like Tao Ran.

Fresh and beautiful ancient buildings 1695 A man named Jiang Zao was the supervisor of kiln stone in Beijing. He built three lounges in Bates Temple, a kiln factory, and named the lounge "Taoran Pavilion" after taking the word "Taoran" from Bai Juyi's poem "Wait till Chrysanthemum is ripe and get drunk with you".

Taoranting is 3 rooms wide and 1.5 rooms deep, covering an area of about 90 square meters. There are Soviet-style paintings hanging on the pavilion, flowers and birds painted on the beams in the room, and colorful chrysanthemums, eight immortals crossing the sea, Taibai drunk and bangs hitting golden toad painted on two beams.

On the east gatepost of Taoranting hangs "It seems that I heard that Ling Tao opened three roads and built a Buddhist shrine with Amitabha Buddha", which was written by Lin Zexu, governor of Huguang in Qing Dynasty. There is a gold-lettered wooden plaque with the words "Tao Ran" hanging under the eaves of the mountain gate. This plaque is Mo Bao of Jiang Zao.

There are two couplets hanging between Taoranting, one of which reads: In the bright eyes, half an acre of red lotus and green marsh fireworks show, sitting in the breeze in a hundred months. Another one reads: No one in Guyan Tibetan Temple came to the couch to lean on the deep hall. This couplet was written by Weng Fanggang, a calligrapher in Qing Dynasty. Jing Ming, the host of Bates Temple in Qing Dynasty, asked Weng Tonghe, the teacher of Emperor Guangxu, to rewrite it.

There are four stone carvings on the north and south walls of the pavilion. One is the quotation and postscript of Jiang Zao's Tao Ran Yin; Second, Tao Ran Ting Ji written by Gao Jiang, the chief secretary of the Qing Dynasty, who participated in politics; Third, it combines the Thoughts of Old Inscriptions in the South of the City written by Tan Sitong, a thinker of the Qing Dynasty. The fourth part is The Collection of Tao Ran and Xiao Ting, written by Wang Chang, a writer in Qing Dynasty. This poem was written by Wang Chang from about 65438 to 0775 in the Qing Dynasty.

Taoranting and Bates Temple are surrounded by the lake on three sides, and Bates Temple is located in the east of Taoranting. Bates Temple is an ancient temple built in Yuan Dynasty. Its mountain gate faces the east, and the whole building layout is rigorous, grand and solemn.

Bates Temple has a total area of 2,700 square meters and a total construction area of over 800 square meters. The main buildings are Guanyin Hall, Zhunti Hall and Wenchang Pavilion.

On the forehead of Bates buddhist nun Gate, the words "Ancient Temple Mercy Zen Forest" are engraved. On the inner eaves of the gate, there is a're' hanging high, engraved with the word "Tao Ran" inscribed by Jiang Zao.

There are 65,438+0,099 Buddhist temples in the temple, 65,438+0,654,38+0,365,438+0-year-old Buddhist temples in the Jin Dynasty, and masters of wisdom in the Liao Dynasty. Carved Buddha statues on all sides, engraved with mantras.

Guanyin Hall is the main hall of Bates Temple, facing south, opposite Zhunti Hall. These two halls are located on the axis of Bates buddhist nun, although their specifications and systems are similar.

However, the base of Guanyin Hall is about 0.6 meters higher than Zhunti Hall, and there are halls, so it is more majestic. Rooftop vertebrates, such as lions, unicorns and seahorses, look solemn and antique.

Wenchang Pavilion, with three rooms facing south, is about 8. 1 m wide and 4.4m deep. The height is about 10 meter, with a total construction area of 83 square meters. There is a small pavilion in front of the pavilion.

There is a corridor facing south upstairs, which can be overlooked through the railing. The exposed wooden beams and purlins of Wenchang Pavilion, as well as the ceilings of pavilions and cloisters, are all decorated with colorful paintings, which are quite gorgeous. Although this pavilion is small, it is quite distinctive. Therefore, although it does not have the shape of cornices and arches, the dangerous building is towering and quite elegant.

Wenchang Pavilion worships Wenchang Emperor and Kuixing, two gods who dominate the rise and fall of literature and fame, and are most revered by literati. Therefore, in the feudal era, it has always been a holy place for candidates taking exams in Beijing.

There are hundreds of poems signed by Wenchang Pavilion, which foretell the fate of past lives. They are all seven-character quatrains, handed down from generation to generation by Ji Xiaolan, a famous writer in Qing Dynasty. Monks wrote these poems as "Before the Spirit of Wenchang" for those who came here to sign divination to draw lots.

The quasi-lift hall faces north and is open in both directions. There are walls and no windows in the north, and there is a door in the middle, which is opposite to the door of guanyin temple in the north. Zhunti Hall was originally dedicated to Zhunti and other three Bodhisattvas. There are many Buddha statues, statues, sacrificial vessels and offerings in the hall.

Temple forehead: "Zhunti Baodian", temple joint title: Fayu Ciyun, all beings are covered with golden wheels, and the two precepts are long and clear. All these old things are gone now. The surviving Zhunti Hall was turned into "Taoranting Stone Room".

On the central island of the lake, there are Jinqiudun and Yantou Mountain, which are in full swing with Taoranting. There is Qiu Jin Pavilion on the pier of Qiu Jin, which is the website of Huaxian Temple. There is a "Rose Mountain" at the south foot of Taoranting, and a Cuilanting at the top of Yantou Mountain, opposite to Qiu Jin Pavilion and Taoranting.

As for the Qiu Jin Wharf, the Taoranting Qiu Jin Wharf is described in detail in the Flower Moon Mark by Wei Xiuren, a writer in the late Qing Dynasty: the capital is prosperous and beautiful, ranking first in the world. There is a dock in Qiu Jin in the southeast of the capital, and there is a pavilion on the dock, which is the famous Taoran Pavilion, which was built by Jiang Zao, Minister of Water Affairs, a hundred years ago.

Looking around, dozens of cities and villages can be seen in front of you, and there is no chic dust.

The pavilion is near the flower temple on the left, with Mianzhu as the wall and a small pavilion. There are solitary graves three feet outside the pavilion, and flowers are buried in spring, or school books are buried.

Taoranting faces the kiln site opposite the lake in the north, and the exquisite Yunhua Building and Yin Qing Pavilion in the west.

Yunhui Building and Yin Qing Pavilion are royal garden buildings, which were built in Qing Dynasty. Originally located in the east bank of Zhongnanhai, the second-floor cloister, painted eaves and carved beams, is exquisite and beautiful. It is the place where the emperor went upstairs to see the pool, write, paint, recite poems and compose music.

Later, Yunhui Building was demolished for construction, but because of its unique structure and style, it was completely moved to the south bank of Taoranting West Lake.

In Taoran Pavilion in the southwest of Huludao, facing Taoran Pavilion across the water, there is a charming and exquisite double-decker pavilion, namely Yunhua Building and Yin Qing Pavilion. Yunhua Building is located from west to east, with three floors in total. There is a room called "Yunqing Yin Qing Pavilion" in the north of the building, which faces south. The pavilion is connected with Yunhua Building from top to bottom, and there is a door called "silver moon".

The double painted veranda extends to the north and east, and each floor is connected with a duplex pavilion. These two duplex pavilions are closely connected, independent of each other, facing different directions, but perfectly integrated, which is the most remarkable style of this group of buildings.

The original form and decoration of this small building in Jiangnan style are preserved through sculpture and painting, which is exquisite, generous and unique. There are pavilions, terraces, buildings and pavilions between mountains and rivers, which are more fresh and beautiful.

Chengguang Pavilion was built under the southwest mountain of Taoranting, and Changqing Pavilion was built under the north mountain. Taoranting is the most suitable place to see the lakes and mountains. The lake is sparkling, the lotus flowers are in full bloom, and the breeze blows on the face, making people look like Tao Ran.

There is also a tomb under the high platform of Taoranting, that is, the tomb of drunken Guo, a famous figure in the late Qing Dynasty. Drunk Guo, surnamed Guo, Ming Rui, word. There are different opinions about Guo's life experience when he was drunk: First, he resented current politics, pretended to be crazy to help him get drunk, and sang in the city. After Guo Rui died, Peng, a daily newspaper in Beijing dialect, paid for the funeral.

Guo Rui is said to be one of the Eight Monsters of Tianqiao. He often makes up many lyrics to criticize the current situation and sings while walking with drunkenness. At that time, Peng Junyi, a native of Suzhou, wrote lyrics for him, and later Peng Junyi was exiled. Guo Yi couldn't afford to get sick and was sent to a poor house. After his death, Peng Junyi raised money to bury him here.

There are many famous historical sites around Taoranting. There is Longju Temple in the northwest. There are some buildings in the temple, such as Arrow Plate, Nitian Pavilion, Kanshan Pagoda and Baobing Hall. Celebrities often have fun here.

There are Black Dragon Pool, Longwang Pavilion, Yina Temple, Cimei Garden and Zu Garden in the southeast, Shi Feng Garden in the southwest, Yaotai in the north, and Xiangzhong and Parrot Tombs in the northeast.

Central Hunan is located on the south slope of Jinqiudun. There is a stone tablet in front of the tomb, engraved with the word "Xiangzhong", which is called "Xiangzhong Monument". There used to be a parrot burial and monument near central Hunan.

At this point, "Xiangzhong" and the monument have disappeared. The inscription in the middle of Hunan is "Xiangzhong", and the word is seal script. The inscription on the tablet reads: great disaster is imminent, and sorrow is boundless. At the end of the short song, the moon disappeared. This is a beautiful city with a game writing protocol. Sometimes the blue is exhausted, sometimes the blood is extinguished, and a wisp of smoke is endless. Yes or no? Turn into a butterfly.

The inscription is official script. After that, there are five small characters: "Yinbei Inscription in Xiangzhong Monument". After that, there is a seven-line running script, which reads: When it rains, you are poor, and your dreams are blurred and green.

When the peaches and plums are gone, it's unbearable to reread the inscription of flowers.

Because there is the word "become a butterfly" in the inscription, the tomb was once called "Butterfly Tomb".

Most of these monuments are earlier than Taoranting, and some even earlier than Bates Temple. All have a history of literati chanting, and all have had their own glorious periods.