Translation of Classical Chinese in Wang Anshi's Biography of the History of Song Dynasty

Wang Anshi was born in Linchuan, Fuzhou. His father Wang Yi is a foreign official in the capital. As a teenager, Wang Anshi loved reading. Once he has read it, he will never forget it. His writing flies, and at first glance it seems casual. After he finished writing, everyone he met praised his wonderful article. His friend Ceng Gong showed his article to Ouyang Xiu, who spread his fame. Wang Anshi, a scholar in the examination, ranked first and was appointed as a teacher. After the expiration of his term of office, he was allowed to submit an article asking for a review of Guan Ge's position, but Wang Anshi did not do so. Transferred to Yin County, built dikes, dredged ponds and had convenient land and water transportation. He lent Guangu to the people, and the people paid back some interest in the autumn, so that Chen Gu in Guancang could get new grain, which was convenient for the people in Yinxian. He was appointed Chief Justice Zhou Shu. Wen Yanbo became prime minister and recommended Wang Anshi to the emperor. He asked for a promotion to stop the competition for fame and fortune. Soon, the court called him to take the exam, but he refused to attend. Ouyang Xiu recommended him as an admonition officer, because his grandmother was old and declined politely. Ouyang Xiu told the court that Wang Anshi needed a salary to support his family, so he appointed him as a shepherd, and he asked to be the magistrate of Changzhou. He was transferred to Jiangdong Criminal Prison and worked as a judge in Beijing for three years.

Wang Anshi's exposition is profound and novel. He is good at defending his theory by refuting the difficulties in the debate and quoting others. He dared to act according to his own opinions and passionately set up his ambition to transform the world and change traditional customs. So he wrote thousands of books to Renzong, saying, "Nowadays, the financial resources in the world are getting poorer and the customs are declining. The crux lies in not knowing the law and not imitating the decrees of the former king. " This is in accordance with the spirit of the former king's decree. As long as we follow the spirit of the law of the former king, the changes and changes we have implemented will neither disturb the world's hearing nor cause noise, and will certainly conform to the law of the former king. Rely on the world's manpower and material resources to produce the world's wealth, and collect the world's wealth to supply the world's expenses. Since ancient times, peaceful governance of the world has never caused national worries because of lack of wealth. The worry is that the management of finance does not conform to its laws. Since there is a shortage of official talents and available talents in urban and rural areas, under the great trust of the state and the maintenance of territory, can your Majesty take relying on natural fortune for a long time as the unchangeable law, regardless of the once-in-a-lifetime worry? I hope your majesty can observe the disadvantages of North Korea's procrastination and write a letter to the minister, so that he can gradually get rid of these disadvantages in order to adapt to the changes in today's world. What I said was not said by people addicted to decadent customs, but by people who said that national affairs were unreasonable. "Later when Wang Anshi was in power, most of his policies and measures were based on this universal book. Soon Wang Anshi was appointed as a straight-line gathering place. Prior to this, Wang Anshi was appointed as a scholar. Scholar-officials thought that he had no intention of being famous for his career, and they all hated themselves for not getting to know him. The imperial court repeatedly intended to appoint him as an American official with fame and fortune, but was afraid that he would not take office. The next year, he was appointed as a fellow initiate, but he refused for many days. The janitor came to his house with a power of attorney and gave it to him, but he refused to accept it; ? The guard immediately bowed his head, but he hid in the toilet; ? The janitor left Ren's order on the table, but Wang Anshi caught up with him and gave it back? Guard; He politely declined eight or nine times before accepting the appointment of Juzhu fellow practitioners. So he accepted the order and set up a picket in the prison in Beijing. Since then, he has never resigned.

A teenager got a fighting quail. His friend begged him for it, but he didn't give it to him. His friend took quail because of his close relationship with the teenager, and the teenager caught up with him and killed his friend. When Kaifeng sentenced the juvenile to death, Wang Anshi retorted: "According to the law, seizure and theft of public property are theft. The teenager refused to give him quail, but he took it and left. This is theft. The teenager caught up with him and killed him. " Although he killed someone, he should not be investigated. "So the trial organization impeached Kaifengfu and sentenced him to a heavy sentence and made a mistake. Kaifeng officials refused to accept, and the emperor was handed over to the trial court and Dali Temple for retrial. The court of first instance and Dali Temple agreed that Kaifeng's judgment was correct. The emperor issued a letter to avoid investigating Wang Anshi's impeachment mistake. Should he go? Apologize in front of the door. Wang Anshi said: "I am not guilty. "He refused to apologize. The history of the empire is played on the emperor, and the emperor ignores it.

At that time, there was an imperial edict, which stipulated that the court of Scheeren could not apply for the deletion of the imperial edict. Wang Anshi argued: "As the imperial edict says, then Scheeren can no longer perform his duties and let ministers do whatever they want. This is not because ministers encroach on the authority of scheeren for personal interests, but because legislation should not be like this. Nowadays, weak ministers dare not enforce the law and discipline for your majesty, while strong people give orders under the guise of your will. I'm really afraid that the admonishers and admonishers will not dare to disobey their wishes. " Wang Anshi's words offended the ruling minister, and since then they have been more in conflict with the ruling minister. Wang Anshi left his job because of his mother's death. Until the last years of Yingzong, the court summoned him many times, but he refused to be reinstated.

Wang Anshi was originally a Chu native, but he was not well-known in the DPRK, because both Han and Lu were aristocratic families, and he wanted to gain others' respect with the help of Han and Lu. So they became friends with Han Jiang and Han Jiang's younger brothers, Han Wei and Lv Gongzhu. These three people admired Wang Anshi even more, and Wang Anshi's popularity began to rise significantly. When Zongshen was here, Han Wei worked as a clerk. Whenever his talk was praised, he said, "My friend Wang Anshi said," He was promoted to be the illegitimate child of the prince, so he recommended Wang Anshi to be a clerk instead of himself. Therefore, Zongshen wanted to see Wang Anshi very much. As soon as he became emperor, he was appointed as the magistrate of jiangning house. A few months later, he was summoned to the imperial court as a bachelor and assistant of Hanlin. In April of the first year of Xining, Wang Anshi arrived at the court. When he entered the palace and answered Zongshen's question correctly, Zongshen asked, what should be done first to govern the country? He replied: "First of all, we should choose the method of implementing the policy." Zongshen asked, "What about Emperor Taizong?" He replied, "Your Majesty should imitate Yao Shun. Why did he imitate Emperor Taizong? "? Yao and Shun's way is extremely simple and uncomplicated, to the point without pedantry, relaxed and uncomplicated. However, later scholars could not understand it, so they thought it was unattainable. Zongshen said, "You asked me some difficult questions. I'm afraid I can't compare with you because I'm ignorant. You can help me wholeheartedly and hope that * * * can achieve this goal together. "

One day, ministers gave lectures and all dropped out. The emperor asked Wang Anshi to stay and said, "I have something to discuss with you slowly." So he said, "Emperor Taizong must get Wei Zhi, and Liu Bei must get Zhuge Liang before he can make a difference. These two people are really not outstanding figures from generation to generation. " Wang Anshi replied, "If your majesty can be flexible, there must be Hao Tao and Hou Huan. ; If we can really serve the Emperor, we must have Fu Shuo, Wei Zhi and Zhuge Liang, who are all men of insight. What is there to praise? Scholars have to say that the world is big and there are many people. However, they often worry that no one can help your majesty govern the country. This is because your majesty's method of selecting talents is not clear and you can't be sincere. Although there are Hao Tao, Hou Kui and Hou Ji, what else? Sages like Fu Shuo will also be sheltered by villains and retire. " Zong Shen said: "Which dynasty had no villains? Even in the era of Yao and Shun, there were inevitably four murderers. " Wang Anshi replied: "Only when the four murderers can be identified and punished can they become Yao and Shun. If the four murderers are allowed to hurt Zhong Liang at will, what about Hao Tao, Hou Kui and Hou Ji? Are you willing to muddle along with your salary and waste your life? "

A woman in Dengzhou hated her husband's ugly appearance and killed him with a knife at night, but she was not killed. After the case was reported to the court, both the DPRK and China agreed that the woman should be sentenced to death. Only Wang Anshi quoted a legal rebuttal to prove that it is appropriate to punish her lightly and reduce the death penalty. Zong Shen agreed with Wang Anshi and made it into law.

In the second year of Xining (1069), Wang Anshi was appointed as a political advisor. Zong Shen said to Wang Anshi, "People don't understand you, thinking that you only know Confucian classics and don't know the world." Wang Anshi replied: "Confucian classics can be used to govern the affairs of the world, but the so-called scholars who study Confucian classics in later generations are mostly mediocre, so secular people think that Confucian classics cannot be implemented." Wang Anshi said: "It is urgent to change customs and legislate." Zong Shen thinks this is very correct. So he set up the regulation department of the third division, and appointed Wang Anshi and Chen Shengzhi, who knew the Privy Council, to take charge of the daily affairs of the regulation department. Wang Anshi put his colleague Lv Huiqing in charge of the daily affairs of the supervision department. From then on, farmland water conservancy law, young crops law, total loss law, armor protection law, labor-free law, market trading law, horse protection law and field protection law were adopted.

Young crops law is to use the money from buying ordinary grain as young crops money and distribute it to the people, asking them to pay two points of interest, which will be collected in spring and autumn. Equal loss method is to change the function of delivering things to equal loss, and the court gives coins and rice. All articles presented to the imperial court must be purchased in high-priced areas, and the short-distance areas should be replaced by long-distance areas, and the articles that need to be purchased in Beijing warehouse should be reported in advance. So that they can buy and store when the price is cheap. Jiabao law, the rural population is included in the household registration book, two men get one, and ten are guaranteed. Baoding is to give crossbows and teach them how to fight. The exemption method, according to the wealth of other families, pays people to serve, down to single-family households and female households, and all families who don't want to serve originally pay. This is called serving money. Eleven laws allow private citizens. With their own fields, houses or gold, silk as collateral, overdue, in addition to interest, a monthly penalty of 2%. The Law on the Protection of Horses stipulates that every household will keep a horse and feed it with the existing horse, or the government will give them money to buy a horse, and check the fatness of the horse once a year. If it is dead or sick, it will be compensated. The land takes 1,000 steps to the east, west, south and north, which is equivalent to 4 1 66 mu 160 steps. Every September, the county magistrate and county assistant measure the fertility of the land, determine the fineness of the land, divide it into five grades, and determine the tax amount according to the grade of the land. There is also exemption money, which stipulates that all walks of life in Beijing must pay according to their interests. Since the implementation of these laws, all parts of the country have argued that farmland water conservancy, ancient ponds and abandoned dams and weirs must be built and repaired. It also ordered ordinary people to deliver sealed forms, increase prices to buy workshops, increase taxes on tea and salt, and set up toilet offices in Hebei Province to accumulate grain for transportation in counties near rivers. Since then, taxes have become heavier and heavier, and the world is getting bigger and bigger.

In the proposal, Lu Chenghui said that Wang Anshi had ten major faults, so Zongshen sent Lu Hui to be a local official. Wang Anshi recommended replacing Lu Hui as Cheng in "Advice". Han Qi suggested that Zongshen stop using the young crops method and send it to the court. Zongshen was disappointed and intended to agree with Han Qi. Wang Anshi immediately asked to resign and leave. Sima Guang drafted a number of letters for Zongshen, including "Scholar-officials Boiling, People Uprising" and Wang Anshi. In the last chapter, Zongshen apologized in respectful language and sent Lv Huiqing to convey his wishes. Han Jiang also advised Zongshen to leave Wang Anshi. Wang Anshi thanked Zongshen when he entered the court, so he told Zongshen about the interdependence and collusion between ministers, officials, Taiwan admonishers and courtiers inside and outside the court, and said: "Your majesty wants to use the former Wang Zhengdao to crush people with decadent customs in the world, so he competes with the customs in the world. The customs scale is heavy. " Your majesty's weight is very heavy, so everyone will take refuge in your majesty. When the weight of the heavy object is heavy, increasing or decreasing the weight of the heavy object by one baht or two baht will change the accuracy. Today, evil people want to destroy the right path of the former king to stop the reforms made by your majesty. Now it's time for your majesty to compete with the popular weight, which will increase the weight by two baht, although it is a very small weight. However, this scale in the world has become vulgar, which is why people all over the world are talking about it. "Zongshen think so. So Wang Anshi returned to his post to manage affairs, but Han Qi's opinion was not adopted. Wang Anshi and Sima Guang have always been close friends. Sima Guang wrote to Wang Anshi three times and repeatedly persuaded him according to the principle of persuading his friends to do good. Wang Anshi was very unhappy. Zongshen wanted to use Sima Guang as the deputy envoy of the Council, but Sima Guang has not yet served. And Wang Anshi came to power, so the appointment was suspended. Although Lv Gongzhu was recommended by Wang Anshi, he was also sent to be the magistrate of Yingzhou because he demanded the abolition of the new law. , Liu Qi, Qian, Sun Changling, Wang Zishao, Hao Cheng, Zhang Jian, Sean, Xie, Yang Hui, Herry Liu, admonition officers Fan Chunren, Chang Li and Sun Changling. Song, Da Dalin and Su Song also appointed letters, while impeachment by Xue Changchao and Fan Li violated filial piety, and they were all dismissed from office and expelled from the court. Fan Zhen, a bachelor of Hanlin, was dismissed from office for three times and retired with success. Lv Huiqing left the court because of his father's death. When Wang Anshi didn't know who to appoint to fill the vacancy left by Lv Huiqing, he got Ceng Bu who trusted him and trusted him.

Xining three years (1070) in December, Wang Anshi Ren Zhongshu officer. The following spring, an abnormal storm happened on JD.COM Road and Hebei Road, and people were very scared. Zong Shen instructed Zhongshu to save trouble and wait and see, release the farmers who have subscribed for these two roads, and punish the supervisors and county magistrates who did not report the situation truthfully. Wang Anshi withheld this imperial edict. Some people cut off their fingers and wrists. Han Wei, the magistrate, reported to the court. The fairy asked Wang Anshi, and Wang Anshi replied, "Of course I don't know these things. Even if this is the case, it is not surprising. Today, scholars are still amazed at the New Deal. Besides, 200,000 people are bound to be tempted and incited by others because of their stupidity. How can they be afraid to do something because of such people? " Zong Shen said: "Only by listening to the opinions of the people can we succeed, and the opinions of the people cannot but be feared."

Someone in Dongming County stopped the Prime Minister Ma Tau and accused him of helping his servants. Wang Anshi said to Zong Shen, "Fan Zhongyan's son-in-law, Jia Fan, likes to do as the Romans do, which leads the people to do such a thing." He also said: "To govern the people, we must know its true and false advantages and disadvantages, and we cannot show unprincipled tolerance for it. If they are indulged, they will jump over the central institutions such as Zhongshu Province and Yushitai, stop driving with gongs and drums, and get away with it by many people. "

The emperor used Han Wei as an official in imperial history. Wang Anshi was disgusted with Han Wei's previous remarks, accusing Han Wei of being good at echoing folk customs to deny Zongshen's new law. The date ended with Han Wei's polite refusal. Ouyang Xiu asked for retirement, and Feng Jing asked the court to retain him. Wang Anshi said, "Ouyang Xiu attached himself to Han Qi and praised Han Qi as a minister related to national security. Such a person ruined a county and a county, ruined the court once, and only left him. " So Zongshen agreed to Ouyang Xiu's retirement. Fu Bi was dismissed as prime minister for obstructing the implementation of the Young Crops Law. Wang Anshi said that this was not enough to stop evil villains, and even compared Fu Bi to a worker and a gun. Lang Youying of GV said that the weather was cloudy for a long time and the stars lost their normal operation. Wang Anshi should retire, and the court immediately sent You Ying's tattooed face to Yingzhou. That's why Tang Tuo was born. He was sentenced to death just because he took the opportunity to plead correctly and tried his best to say that Wang Anshi was guilty. Wen Yanbo said that the city's easy law was competing with the people for profits, which led to the collapse of Huashan. Wang Anshi said: "The change of Huashan Mountain was only caused by God's will. Urban Easy Law came into use because people were poor for a long time. What are the benefits of the government using it to curb mergers? " Wen Yanbo's letter was suppressed and he was sent to stay in Wei. Lv Gongzhu and Han Wei are both Wang Anshi's people, and they are just as famous as Wang Anshi. Ouyang Xiu and Wen Yanbo are the people who recommended Wang Anshi. Fu Bi and Han Qi are both followers of Wang Anshi. Sima Guang and Fan Ju are people with deep friendship with themselves, and Wang Anshi spared no effort to exclude them.

Etiquette officials discussed the establishment of the eastern position of the ancestral tablet in the ancestral hall. Wang Anshi decided to dedicate ancestral tablets to the ancestral temple alone, and the officials involved in the discussion joined forces to argue with Wang Anshi, but failed to change his decision. On the night of Shangyuan Festival, Wang Anshi rode a holy horse into Xuande Gate, and the gatekeeper stopped loudly and whipped Wang Anshi's horse. Wang Anshi is angry. The last chapter calls for the arrest and punishment of these guards. Suggestion Cai Que said: "The guards who stayed overnight in the imperial court only protected the emperor, and the prime minister did not dismount where he should. The guards should stop him." The emperor finally beat the bodyguard with a stick and reprimanded the chamberlain, but Wang Anshi was still indignant. Wang Shao successfully reported his achievements to the court. Because this was Wang Anshi's suggestion, Zongshen took off his jade belt and gave it to Wang Anshi.

In the spring of the seventh year in Xining, there was a national drought, and the hungry people were displaced. The emperor looked sad and lamented at the court. He wants to abolish all bad laws and regulations. Wang Anshi said: "Floods and droughts often occurred, which was inevitable in the Yao and Tang Dynasties. This is not enough to worry your majesty, but we should deal with natural disasters by doing good deeds. " Zong Shen said, "This is not a trivial matter, so I am afraid. It is precisely because it is not done well. It's too heavy to collect inspection-free money now. People complained and sighed, and some even said something disrespectful to the imperial court. From the recent ministers to the queen's family, there is no saying that immunity money is harmful. The empress dowager of the two palaces burst into tears, worried about the chaos between teachers and students in Beijing, and thought that the drought was even more unpopular. " Wang Anshi said, "I don't know who Minister Guan is. If there is such a thing in the two palaces, it must be Jing and Cao Shu. " Feng Jing said, "I heard about it, too." Wang Anshi said: "All the depressed scholar-officials joined Feng Jing, so only Feng Jing heard these words, but I didn't hear them." Jian 'an went to Xia Zheng's office to help the elderly and the young, photographed the plight of the refugees he saw, and said: It's going to rain. "Xia Zheng was exiled to Lingnan again. Empress Dowager Cixi and Ren Xuan tearfully said to Zongshen, "Wang Anshi disturbed the world. "Zongshen also suspected Wang Anshi, so he was relieved of his post as prime minister, appointed him as a scholar of Guan Wendian and jiangning house, and changed from assistant minister of does to official minister. When Lv Huiqing's mourning expired, Wang Anshi constantly recommended him in the morning and evening. Wang Anshi asked the emperor to let Lv Huiqing participate in politics and let Han Jiang take his place. They stick to Wang Anshi's law and haven't changed at all. At that time, Han Jiang was nicknamed "Shaman Dharma" and Lv Huiqing was nicknamed "Guardian of God". However, Lv Huiqing actually wanted to take power by himself and was afraid that Wang Anshi would make a comeback, so he took the opportunity of handling the Xia Zheng case to frame Wang Anshi's younger brother Wang Anguo. Li Shining's case overthrew Wang Anshi again. Knowing Lv Huiqing's intention, Han Jiang secretly told the emperor to ask for the recall of Wang Anshi. In February of the eighth year of Xining, Wang Anshi was appointed as prime minister again. He went to Beijing immediately after receiving the imperial edict. Written in the Three Classics, Wang Anshi was promoted to be a servant and assistant of Shangshu. His son Wang Qiu was appointed as a full bachelor of Longtuge. Therefore, the suspicion between Wang and Lu is more obvious. Lv Huiqing was impeached by Tsai Seung-hee and waited for the imperial edict at home. It is suggested that Wan in "Advice" impeach Zhang Ruo again for profit, and Huating County order him to file a case for review. Lv Huiqing was sent to be a judge in Chen Zhou. In October, comets appeared in the east, and the gods asked about politics, which could not be in harmony with the people. Ten years later, another comet appeared. However, the reign of Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty was twenty-eight years, which was inconsistent with the date predicted in Yi Si Zhan. This is because heaven is far away. Although the former king had an official divination prophecy, his belief was still artificial. Astronomical changes are endless and far-fetched. Isn't it a coincidence? Duke Zhou and Zhao Gong, how could they deceive themselves into becoming kings? They said that Zhongzong was modest and prudent, conscientious, bound himself to fate, diligent and loving the people, and did not dare to neglect political affairs. They said that the reason why Xia and Shang Dynasties lasted for a long time was only because of "implementing the policy of virtue". Bizao predicted that the fire would come true and wanted to avoid disaster through sacrifice, but the overseas Chinese did not listen to him. Zheng will have another fire. Overseas Chinese didn't listen to his advice, and Zheng had no fire. It is absurd to have such a person as Bi Zao, let alone an astrologer now. Now, Stretching, which has been circulated through the ages, has been banned, and there are many copying errors, I don't know how many. Your majesty's moral character is perfect and beautiful, not only more virtuous than Shang Zhongzong, but also what Zhou Gong and Zhao Gong said has already been read, and there is no need for fools and blind people to make any statements. I heard that the Empress Dowager Palace is very worried about this matter. I hope your Majesty will use what we said. Try to enlighten and comfort. Zong Shen said, "I heard that people are suffering from the new law." Wang Anshi replied: "Because it is cold in winter and it rains heavily in summer, the people still harbor resentment. This does not require compensation. " Zong Shen said: "Isn't there a resentment that winter can't keep out the cold and summer can't rain heavily?" Wang Anshi was very unhappy after hearing this. He went home to stay in bed and was comforted and encouraged by the gods. Wang Anshi was only in charge of political affairs at the court. His companions made a plan and said, "Now, don't choose someone that the emperor has always disliked to be promoted and reused quickly, which will make him lighter. At this time, someone will spy on the gap between the monarch and the minister. " Wang Anshi agreed to this strategy. The emperor was glad that Wang Anshi came out to take power and listened to all his opinions. At that time, the army went to Annan and the spy got Annan. He said, "China implements the young crops law and the labor assistance law, which makes the people very poor. Today, China sent troops to help save the people there. " Wang Anshi was very angry and drafted his own letters to discredit Annan.

The Huating case was not established for a long time, and it was handed over to Lian Hengfu for consultation. They mixed Lv Huiqing affairs listed by Deng Wan with documents issued by other emperors. Wang Anshi didn't know about it. Provincial officials went to Chen Zhou to tell Lv Huiqing about it, and Lv Huiqing reported it to the emperor, accusing Wang Anshi of saying, "Wang Anshi completely abandoned the teachings of Confucianism he had learned and advocated ruling the world." Deceive the emperor and intimidate the monarch against your orders. In a year's time, I tried my best to do many evil things, even those who lost their will in ancient times and acted perversely. I'm afraid there is no such thing. It was also revealed that Wang Anshi wrote "Don't let the emperor know" in his private letter. Zongshen showed these materials to Wang Anshi. Wang Anshi said that there were no such things, so he went home and asked Wang Qiu. Wang Anshi blamed him. Wang Qiu was angry and resentful, and died of carbuncle on his back. Wang Anshi publicly declared Deng Wan's guilt, saying, "Deng Wan seeks an official position for my children and recommends my son-in-law Cai Bian. So Deng Wan and Lian Hengfu were found guilty. Deng Wankai began to remonstrate with Wang Anshi. When Wang Anshi and Lv Huiqing clashed, Deng Wan tried his best to help Wang Anshi attack Lv Huiqing. Zongshen hates it. Lian Hengfu is evil and heartless, and flatters. At this time, both of them were despised.

After Wang Anshi became prime minister again, he asked for leave due to illness many times. When his son Wang Qiu died, he was very sad and strongly demanded the removal of this important position. Zongshen became more and more disgusted with him, dismissed him from his post as prime minister, appointed him as our envoy of Zhennan Army, and sentenced him to jiangning house. In the following year, he was appointed as the special envoy of Jiguan and made Duke of Shu. Wang Anshi repeatedly begged to return his seal to the court.

In the first year of Yuan You, Wang Anshi died at the age of 66. During the Shaosheng period, he was canonized as "Wen" and was awarded a temple. After three years of worship, he also got a temple, ranking behind Yan Hui and Mencius. When sealing, Yang sometimes talked about that the emperor issued a letter to prevent Wang Anshi from sealing the temple. Earlier, Wang Anshi interpreted the poems, books and ceremonies in The Book of Rites, which was published in Xuegong and was called "new meaning" in the world. In his later years, he lived in Jinling and wrote Zi Shuo, with many attached books. His theory combines Buddhist scriptures and Lao Tzu's thoughts. At that time, no one dared not learn. Scholars can't stand on their own feet and say new things, and all the classics are abolished. The book Spring and Autumn Annals was abandoned, not listed in the school, and even joked as a "broken imperial gazette".

Before Wang Anshi became a dignitary, he was already very famous in Beijing. He is not extravagant and claims to be the most frugal. Sometimes he doesn't change his clothes and doesn't wash his face when his face is dirty. People think that he is very clever. Schumann Su Xun said: "This is inhuman. There are very few people who are not wicked like this. " He also wrote "On Discrimination of Rape" to ridicule him, saying that he and Wang. What he has decided will never change. When discussing the matter of political reform, Wang Anshi and his courtiers had an argument. He quoted the classics and made many comments, and no one could refute him. He even said, "things are different, ancestors can't learn, and people's words are not terrible." During his reign, almost all the old ministers at home and abroad were dismissed, and most of them promoted some frivolous and clever young people ... He was ousted because of the national drought, and he was ousted more than a year after his second comeback. Since then, he has never been called again, and he has been in power for eight years. His son Wang Qi.