How did ancient judges decide cases?

First of all, there were no judges in ancient China.

In ancient China, the system in which local governors served concurrently as judicial officials meant that the governors at all levels served concurrently as "presidents of courts and procuratorates" at corresponding levels, mainly trying criminal cases.

As for how China solved the case in ancient times, let me tell you what I know first. Throw a brick to attract jade ~

Shang and Zhou dynasties were "divine judgments", that is, through various divinations, "gods" were allowed to judge cases. After the Qin and Han dynasties, the divine judgment was gradually abolished, and the main basis for judging cases was: 1. According to the testimony of both parties and witnesses and the collected physical evidence, the administrative officials make subjective reasoning on the facts of the case; 2. According to various decrees formulated under the guidance of Confucianism and Confucian classics, specific penalties shall be applied.