Zhang Keda's Classical Chinese

1. Reading in Classical Chinese Read the following classical Chinese and complete the answers to the following questions: 1. b； 2.a； 3.a； Analysis: (1) should be used flexibly as a noun. The sentence "chopping wood" (2) ① only shows that Mr. Baiyun was awarded an official position, which has nothing to do with "lofty"; (4) (6) Both sentences show that Mr. Baiyun is talented. (3) "Because of his father's outstanding military exploits", the court appointed him as the head of thousands of households because of his father's loyalty. (4) (1) Shen Jianian, peasant rebels captured the capital, and Yoko met his generals. He never gave in and was detained.

The general tortured him at will, and some comrades thought Yoko was loyal and let him go. (2) Greet Mr. Baiyun on time every year. I walked into his room and found hundreds of books on the shelf, all of which were his works explaining Confucian classics and discussing historical events.

(3) I am longing for Mr. Baiyun's works and have been worried about their loss for a long time. It's a good thing his family gave it to me. I haven't seen it.

Yoko Yao Xing, formerly known as Zheng Lu, was born in Jiangning County, Jiangsu Province. His father, Zhang Keda, served as the company commander of Deng Lai Mansion in the late Ming Dynasty.

When Mao's men rebelled, they caught the governor's grandson, and Zhang Keda died. When he arrived at the imperial court, Yoko was awarded the position of a thousand households in the Royal Guards as a student.

In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen, Li Zicheng's army captured Beijing, and Yoko met the generals of Li Zicheng. If he doesn't surrender, he will be handcuffed and beaten wantonly. Some of their comrades appreciated Yoko's integrity and let him escape. After a long time, Zhang returned to his hometown.

His wife died before that, and he lived alone in a Buddhist temple in Sheshan. He never goes to the city. People in the village call him Mr. Baiyun.

At that time, most of the famous adherents of the former dynasty in Hunan, Hubei, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces pursued prestige and contended for high and low with poetry. Only Xu Zhaofa of Suzhou and Shen Meisheng of Xuancheng make a living by working in remote villages, and even the virtuous scholars can't see them, but they still have pen and ink articles handed down from generation to generation.

Mr. Baiyun personally carries water and firewood, never talks about poetry books, and literati can't ask him for advice. Every day, officials and gentlemen from all directions visit this mountain, but they don't know that there is such a person in the mountain.

My late father and Chu Shi Yu Pei will visit him in the mountains during the holidays. Walking into his house, I saw hundreds of books on the bookshelf, all of which were his classic explanations and historical comments.

When he asked for one, he refused, saying, "I just spend the rest of my life writing." I have bought two big urns, and I will bury these works together when I die. "

He was eighty-eight when he died. His friends and relatives have bought good wood and made an inner coffin and an outer coffin for him. On his deathbed, he heard here crying and said, "Once upon a time, my father died in a lonely city attacked by rebels, and no one was around to take care of the funeral. Although he was later reburied, his intimate inner coffin could not be replaced. Can I have the heart to use this good coffin? " Looking back at my nephew, I quickly changed the coffin, personally set the specifications of the shroud, and then closed my eyes and died.

At that time, my late father had just returned to Tongcheng, Anhui Province, and was buried in advance when he came back. Some people say that the book written by Mr. Wang has been buried.

He also said that there are manuscripts of books such as classics and explanations, which are still kept in his home. After three years of Qianlong, the emperor ordered the revision of the three rites to find the lost folk works.

One of Mr. Baiyun's grandnephews personally delivered the book to Fucheng, and the magistrate ordered the school instructor to ask the students to copy it. It took a long time to finish. I yearn for Mr. Wang's works and worry about their loss for a long time.

Fortunately, it was personally presented by his family, and I have never seen it with my own eyes. Therefore, it is recorded together in the article in order to make his fellow villagers feel something, preserve it properly and publicize it, so as not to let them be buried and lost.

2. The full text of (Yoko, the word Yaoxing,) has been translated into modern Chinese Yoko, Xing, formerly known as Shangyuan. His father, Zhang Keda, served as the company commander in Denglai in the late Ming Dynasty. It happened that Mao led troops to revolt and trapped the governor's grandson. Zhang Keda died in this incident. After this matter was reported to the imperial court, Yoko was appointed as the head of a thousand households in the Royal Guards as a trainee. In Shen Jianian, peasant rebels occupied the capital, and Yoko met with rebel generals. He didn't give in and was detained. The general tortured him at will, and some comrades thought Yoko was loyal and let him go. It was a long time before he returned to his hometown. Before that, his wife had passed away. He lived alone in a temple in the mountains and didn't go to town. The villagers called him Mr. Baiyun.

At that time, the disciples of the three Chu and wuyue had many names and advertised articles and techniques to each other. It's just that Xu Zhaofa of Wuzhong and Shen Meisheng of Xuancheng devoted themselves to the farming life in the hinterland, and even wise literati rarely met them, but there are still articles circulating in the world. Mr. Zhang personally cut firewood and carried water, and kept silent about poetry and songs. The single poet can't get a piece of paper from him. The world's dignitaries go to the mountains every day, but they don't know there is such a person in the mountains. My father and Yu Gongpei Chu Shi greet Mr. Baiyun on time every year. When they entered his room, they found hundreds of books on the shelf, all of which were his works explaining Confucian classics and discussing historical events. When he asked for a copy, he didn't agree, saying, "I just wrote a book to pass my age." I bought two urns. When I die, I will bury the book with the coffin. " He died at the age of eighty-eight. All his life's relatives and friends want to buy fine wood to make his coffin. On his deathbed, when he heard this, he cried bitterly and said, "In those days, my father died in a broken city, and no relatives were around to take care of him. Although he was reburied later, the coffin he prepared himself could not be replaced. Can I have the heart to do this? " He looked at a grandson and urged him to change the coffin quickly, and then he died. At that time, my father went back to Tongcheng, Anhui Province, and Mr. Baiyun came back and was buried. Some people say that his book has been buried with him; Some people say that there are manuscripts of Confucian classics, which are still kept in his home. After three years in Qianlong, he ordered the revision of etiquette, rites and rites, and asked to write a suicide note. One of them was brought to the magistrate from Sun, and the magistrate ordered the scholar to organize students to copy it. After a long time, I didn't finish it.

I long for Mr. Baiyun's works, and I have been worried about their loss for a long time. Fortunately, his family donated it. I have never seen it. Therefore, I wrote this article, hoping to inspire the local post-scholars, protect the suicide note, spread it and prevent it from being lost.

3. Lin Gudu, the full-text translation of Zhongxing Baiyun Biography, said: Baiyun Chen Ang was born in Huangshi Street, Putian, Fujian. Judging from his basic necessities, people don't know where he comes from. In his secluded poems, he regarded poetry as his own life and only made friends with Ma Gongzi.

As Putian was occupied by the Japanese army and the city was destroyed, Mr. Wang came to Zhang Yu County with his wife and children to make a living by weaving straw sandals. Later, due to the sluggish business, he made a living by divination. No matter going boating in Peng Li, resting and enjoying the scenery in Lushan Mountain, or paying tribute to Tao Yuanming's remains, he left poems. Soon he entered Chu and entered Shu from Jiangling. He attached himself to the monk's boat and was hired by the monk to cook for them. When I arrived in Shu and was employed by monks, I had the opportunity to visit the Sword Gate of the Three Gorges and climb Emei to enjoy the beautiful scenery. After the monk died, he returned from Shu and lived in Jiangling, Songzi, Gongan and Baling, Hubei.

When he arrived in Jinling, Yao Taishou gradually regarded him as a distinguished guest and provided him with accommodation and food. After a while, Yao Taishou also died, and he still made a living by divination on the Qinhuai River. Sometimes I put a piece of paper on the door and write poems for others. If people in that place have a small wedding, they will bring him some money and rice, and he will do as the bearer asks. I do divination when I have nothing to do, and sometimes I do some straw sandals knitting. Lin Gudu and his brother Lin Mao are the sons of Fujian Lin Xiaolian and Chu Wen, who live in Jinling. One day, two brothers passed by Mr. Baiyun's house, saw the toilet paper posted on the door, and went into his house. I didn't know he was from Putian, Fujian until I asked. Mr. Baiyun described his situation in detail. His house is full of straw mats as beds, pots as stoves, and used papers and pens. Read his poems as soon as you see them. At this time, although Gudu was young, he could read the main idea of the poem and was amazed. Whenever he admires, Mr. Baiyun turns his face to the wall, crying and even losing his voice. Later, I passed by his house and brought him something to eat. Baiyun was very happy. He also took out a poem and read it to the Lin brothers, still sad. A few years later, he finally died of poverty. His son went out to buy a clothes coffin and buried it in the ground.

Brother Gudu hurried to ask for his poem, but found nothing. Later, they got Mr. Gudu's five-character calligraphy. I can't name his poem. He said in the preface: "When Chen Ang was young, he especially liked five words. It's just that poor people don't have many ancient books. They study Wang Wei with Wang Wei's books and Du Fu with Du Fu's books. Sometimes I try to figure out the creation according to the format of the work, and sometimes I extend one of them to play and write down what I think.

Some critics say that people are famous for their poems, but only two or three gentlemen are famous for their poems. How narrow the road of poetry is! For those dignitaries, poetry is not what they need for making friends and tasting wine, which makes poetry impossible to spread around the world. There are many situations. Besides, people in cloth like Chen Ang! Recently, Xu Wei and Song were spread because of poverty, but they are not well-known in poetry. Their poems are not as good as those of Chen Ang, but not as bad as those of Chen Ang. I used to wonder what was going on in Mr. Baiyun's mind when he was knitting straw sandals, divining, being hired to cook and writing. He saw people pass by him, but what are they in his eyes? Explore his inner thoughts but can't know. My friend Zhang said, "When you go to the market today, you should take a good look at the vegetable sellers to avoid the appearance of people like Baiyun." His words are very enlightening!

4. The ancient prose about Guan Yu's story should be as short as possible (don't scrape the bones to cure poison), saying that Guan Yu is on Jingzhou Road, and there is no way out, and Zhao Lei said that "there was Wu Bing before, and then there was Wei Bing, and I was in it, so I had to take precautions. What can I do? " "When I was in Lukou, I sent an envoy to Shu, and the two families discussed a crusade against cao thief. Now he helps Cao attack me, which is a betrayal of the alliance.

Your marquis is stationed here temporarily, so you can send a suicide note to Lv Meng to blame him and see how he answers. Hearing this, Guan Yu wrote a letter and sent someone to Jingzhou.

When Monroe was in Jingzhou, she gave an order: all counties in Jingzhou went to the soldiers' homes with Guan Gong, and Wu Bing was not allowed to disturb them, and food and rice were given every month; The sick person will be sent to the doctor for treatment. The home of the soldiers, feeling its pet, can not be blocked.

Suddenly, the customs declaration minister arrived, and Monroe went abroad to welcome him into the city and treated him with courtesy. The messenger sent the book and received it.

After reading it, Meng said to the emissary, "Personally, I think I married General Guan in the past. Today's things are ordered and cannot be independent. The troublesome messenger returns to the general and pays tribute. "

So I gave a banquet and sent it back to the inn to rest. So there were military strategists, and they all came to beg for letters; Those who have attached letters to their families and those who have received letters by word of mouth all say that their homes are safe and there is no shortage of food and clothing.

The messenger bid farewell to Monroe and was sent out of the city by his relatives. The messenger returned to Guan Gong with Monroe's words, saying, "In Jingzhou City, princes, families and generals are all well, and there is no shortage of materials."

Qi Huangong was furious and said, "The traitor's plan is right, too! I can't kill this thief in my life, but I will kill him if I die. I hate him with snow! " Drink the messenger back. When the emissary left the village, all the generals came to inquire about things at home; The messenger said that everyone was fine, and Monroe was very sympathetic and sent the letter to the generals.

Everyone will be happy, and there will be no fighting. When Guan Gong led his troops to Jingzhou, many soldiers fled back to Jingzhou.

Guan Yu became more and more angry and urged the army to move forward. Suddenly a loud cry, a tiger army stopped him. The first general, Jiang Qinye, drew back his horse and shouted, "Why didn't the clouds grow earlier!" " Guan Yu cursed: "I am a general of the Han Dynasty, how can I surrender to the thief?" Kiss the horse and dance the knife, and take Jiang Qin straight.

If you don't get together, Qin will die. Guan Yu chased him for more than twenty miles with a knife, and his shouts suddenly rose. In the left valley, Han Dang led the way out, and in the right valley, Zhou Tai led the army out. Jiang Qin returned to the horse to fight again, and he was attacked in three ways.

Guan Yu quickly withdrew. After countless miles, I saw a group of people gathered on the hill of Nanshan, waving a white flag with the words "Jingzhou natives" written on it. Everyone told our people to surrender quickly.

Guan Gong was furious and wanted to kill him in Shanggang. Two more armies came crashing out of the mountain: Ding Feng on the left and Xu Sheng on the right. Together with Jiang Qin and other three armed forces, shouts shook the ground, drums and horns sounded, and Guan Gong was trapped in the core.

Men, gradually disappear. At dusk, Guan Yu looked at four Shan Ye people, all Jingzhou soldiers, shouting for their brothers, looking for their son and grandpa, but they kept shouting.

The morale of the army has changed, and everyone has left. Guan Gong kept drinking, and there were more than 300 people in the department.

On the third night, there was a great shout in the east, and Guan Ping and Liao Hua broke through and rescued Guan Gong. Guan Ping told him: "If the army is in chaos, we will have to stay in the city for the time being to reinforce.

Maicheng is small enough for camping. "The duke guan from it, urged the remnants of the army to maicheng, an adventurous guard four doors, gathered soldiers to discuss.

Zhao Lei said, "This place is not far from Shang Yong. Liu Feng and Meng Da are guarding it. You can ask for help quickly. With the help of this army and horse, you will be relieved when the Sichuan soldiers arrive. "

Halfway through the discussion, it was reported that Wu Bing had arrived and surrounded the city. The public asked, "Who dares to break through and ask God for help?" Liao Hua said, "I'm willing to go."

Guan Ping said, "I'll escort you out of the tight encirclement." Guan Gong wrote a book and paid Liao Hua to hide beside him.

Get on the horse and open the door and go out of town. I was greeted by Ding Feng in Wujiang.

Being killed by Guan Ping, Feng was defeated, and Liao Hua took advantage of deus ex. I went to my agent.

Even if Guan Ping goes to town, he can't stay up. Besides, at the invitation of Liu Feng and Meng Da, the prefect Shen Dan led people to surrender. So the king of Hanzhong added Liu Feng as the deputy general and guarded the agent with Meng Da.

On the same day, knowing that Guan Gong was defeated, they were discussing and suddenly reported to Liao Huazhi. Please ask someone.

Hua said, "Today, we are defeated and trapped in Maicheng. It is urgent. The reinforcements in Shu can't arrive overnight.

I ordered someone to break through and come for help. General Wang Er hurriedly called an army of mediocrity to save this danger.

With a slight delay, the public will fall for it. "Feng said," general, have a rest and let people think about it. "

Even the inn has rested, waiting for him to send his troops. Liu Feng called Meng Da and said, "Uncle, you are sleepy. What can we do? " Da said, "Soldiers are good at fighting; The nine counties in Jingzhou belong to him, only Maicheng is a tiny place; I also heard that Cao Cao personally supervised 400,000 to 500,000 soldiers and camped in Mobei: Can we measure the people in our mountain city and defeat the two Qiang Bing families? Don't despise your enemy.

"Feng said," I also know that. Naiguan Gong is my uncle. How can I save him from standing by? " Daxiao said, "The general regards Guan Yu as his uncle. I'm afraid Guan Yu may not regard the general as a nephew.

Guan Yu was very unhappy when someone heard that Wang Hanzhong was the first heir. After the Hanzhong king ascended the throne, he wanted to be an heir and asked Kong Ming, who said,' This is also a family matter, so ask Guan.' The king of Hanzhong sent someone to Jingzhou to ask Guan Gong. He thought that the general was the son of a moth and should not make decisions without authorization, and suggested that Wang Yuan of Hanzhong put his army in the mountain city of Shang Yong to avoid future troubles.

Everyone knows about it, but the general doesn't? Why do you still feel that you are an uncle and you have to take risks today? Yue Feng: "Although what you said is true, in what words?" "Da said," but it is said that the mountain city has just been attached, and people are uncertain. I dare not try to raise soldiers for fear of losing my defense. "Follow his words.

The next day, Liao Huazhi was invited to say that the place attached to the mountain city failed to divide the troops to rescue. He was shocked and knocked on the ground with his head and said, "In this case, Guan Gong will rest!" " Da said, "I'm leaving now." Can a glass of water save a car salary? " The general will come back soon, waiting for the arrival of Shu soldiers. "

Both Liu Feng and Meng Da are gone. Liao Hua, the governor, was not harmonious, thinking that he would complain to the king of Hanzhong, so he got on his horse and scolded him, and went out of the city, hoping to leave for Chengdu.

It is said that Guan Yu was looking forward to Maicheng Enemy at the Gates, but nothing happened; There are only five or six hundred people under his command, and most of them are injured; There is no food in the city, which is very painful. Suddenly, I reported that a man was teaching Hugh archery at the gate, and I wanted to see the prince.

It was Zhu Gejin who established public order and raised this issue. When tea was over, Jin said, "I have been instructed by the marquis of Wu to make a speech to the general.

Since ancient times, the man who knows the times is Jie Jun. Today, the nine counties of the Han Dynasty are all his. There is only one area in Gucheng, where there is no food and grass and no reinforcements outside, and it is at stake. Why don't the general listen to Jin, submit to the marquis of Wu, and return to the town of Jingxiang to save his family?

Fortunately, you are familiar with it. Guan Yu said seriously, "I am a soldier in Xie Liang, and my master treats me like a brother. Are you willing to defect to an enemy country? If the city breaks, it will die.

Ke Yu.

Come in if you have rich knowledge of ancient Chinese. 1, chanting snow in Liu Yiqing.

Xie An held a family reunion on a cold snowy day, explaining poetry with his son and nephew. Soon, it snowed heavily, and the guardian said happily, "What kind of snow is this?" ? "Xie Lang, his brother's eldest son, said," The air in the air is almost comparable. "."His eldest brother's daughter said, "Catkin can dance with the wind better than the wind." . "Guardian of the empire laughed. She is the daughter of Xie An, the daughter of Xie An, and the wife of the left-wing general Wang Ningzhi.

2. Chen Taiqiu and Friendship Period

Chen Taiqiu went on a trip with his friends. Taiqiu gave up before the middle of the day. After you go, forget it.

Fiona Fang is seven years old and playing outside the door. Chen Taiqiu's friend asked Fiona Fang, "Is your father there?" ? "Hui Yuan replied," My father waited for you for a long time, and you left before you arrived. The friend got angry and said, "No humanity!" Walk with people, walk with people. "Fiona Fang said," if you and your family don't meet at noon, you will break your promise; It is impolite to scold your father. "

A friend is ashamed and gets off the bus. Anyway, Fiona Fang started.

Naoko suspects his neighbor.

There was a rich man in Song State. Because of the heavy rain, the wall fell down. His son said, "If you don't build it, you must come in." The old man next door said so. That night, as expected, a lot of property was lost. The family was very grateful to Zi Cong, but they suspected that the theft was the old man's next step.

4. a blessing in disguise

He who is close to the edge is skilled, and the horse is invincible. Everyone hung up, and his father said, "Why isn't this a blessing?" After living for several months, his horse returned to Hu. Everyone congratulated him, and his father said, "Why can't this be a disaster?" The family is rich and good, and the son is easy to ride, but he broke his stomach. Everyone hung up, and his father said, "Why isn't this a blessing?" After living for a year, the Hu people entered the fortress, and the Dingzhuang people played with strings. The man near the fort, the deceased was nineteen. This alone is lame. Father and son protect each other.

5, kuafu day by day

Kuafu marched from Japan and entered Japan; Thirst, desire to drink, drink in the river, Wei; He, Wei and Bei drink Ozawa. Before he arrived, he died of thirst. Abandoned his staff and became Deng Lin.

6. Two children argue.

Confucius traveled eastward and saw two children arguing. Ask why.

A child said, "I think the sun is close to the sky at sunrise and far from the sky at noon." . "

Another child thinks that the sun is far from the sun when it rises, and it is closer to people at noon.

A child said, "When the sun just came out, the hood of the car was as big as noon and the plate was as small as usual. Is this the reason why it is not far from the big one?" ? "

Another child said, "The sun just came out to cool down, and it was as hot as putting your hand in hot water at noon. Isn't that why you feel hot when you are near and cool when you are far away?" ? "

Hearing this, Confucius could not judge who was right or wrong.

The two children smiled and said to Confucius, "Who said you were smart?" ? "

6. The allusion in Preface to Wang Teng-ting is that the treasures unearthed in the dragon lantern shooting cattle market are said to have omens. In ancient Zhang Yu County, there was a treasure lamp shooting into the sky, and its light was directed at the bullfight. Please have a look and answer that there is a sword, a Longquan and a cadre. So the sword was unearthed.

Xu Ru walked to Fan Chen's sofa. Chen Fan specially gave Xu Ru some couches. Chen Fan is strict and doesn't like to entertain guests, but because he admires Xu Ru's virtue, he specially set up several couches for him.

Teng Jiao, a poet of Meng; The Purple Temple and the General King's armory. Meng, also known as Meng Jiao, is a famous writer. He was once famous for his quick thinking because he dreamed of dragons. There are different opinions about General Wang, but Zi Dian and Zi Dian are two swords, which are said to have been cast by famous artists.

Yan, my hometown, is a big family in ancient times. While eating, the bell rang and the tripod was used as a utensil. Therefore, Zhong Ming Shi Ding intends to bring a big family.

Four beauties and two difficulties combine beautiful scenery, and both the host and the guest are happy.

Feng Tang is easy to be old, but Li Guang is hard to be sealed: heroes are easy to die, Feng Tang is old, and Li Guang is not sealed.

Qu Jiayi of Changsha: Jia Yi was demoted to Changsha.

Hong Liang and Hai Qu: Hong Liang fled to Qilu seaside.

I feel that Chanquan is very cool, but I am still very happy after doing it.

Greedy spring: There is a spring in Beihai called greed. People who drink it will become greedy.

Dry rail: wheel rail. This is a language story. It is said that two fish were left in the wheel tracks, and there was only a little water in them, which kept them alive. This is also the origin of the idiom "caring for each other".

Although Beihai is on credit, it can pick up the goods.

Peng moved to Beihai, but he rose to the highest level thousands of miles away.

Meng's taste is noble and pure, and he has an empty heart to serve the country; How can you cry at the end of the road if Ruan borrows wildly?

In the first half of the sentence, Meng Changjun, one of the four sons of the Warring States, was put under house arrest by the monarch for no reason. Fortunately, because of his charity and many guests, he was saved by his henchmen.

In the second half, Ruan Ji, one of the seven sons of bamboo forest, was wild and uninhibited, and once cried in the strip.

There is no way to ask for it, and the final army will be weak; With a pen, Mu Zong is a gale.

The first half sentence. In the year of the final army, 2 1, there is nowhere to volunteer to kill the enemy.

In the second half of the sentence, Zong Yi, taking advantage of the heroic spirit of "breaking Wan Li grain", also had the ambition to join the army.

It is not a treasure tree in Xie Jia, but a neighbor of Montessori.

Xie is a talented young man.

Alluding to Meng Mu's three movements.

Yang Yi doesn't pick up, caresses Lingyun and cherishes himself; What's shameful about playing with running water at the clock meeting?

Yang Yi, a person who knows people very well and is good at recommending people; In the bell, Zhong Ziqi and Yu Boya played mountains and rivers together, which was passed down as a model of bosom friend by later generations.

All the words were given, and all four rhymes were done.

Rhyme, literary common sense, a rhyme is two sentences.

I am a poor student, but fortunately I did well in the exam, so I dare to solve problems for my brother, hoping to help one or two.

7. What does this mean