How to read discrete mathematics

Discrete mathematics is pronounced lí sàn? Xu Wei.

First, discrete:

Be dispersed

pronounce

Lisan

explain

(dynamic) dispersed but unable to reunite (especially relatives).

compose

Parallel connection: separation+dispersion.

example sentence

Relatives have long since separated. (as a predicate)

synonym

Separation, rupture, division, separation, rupture, disintegration, division, dispersion, separation.

antonym

Reunion, reunion, meeting, party

detailed description

1, separation; Spread out.

Example:

"Yi Zhou Shu Shi Xun": "Hongyan does not come, far people betray; The mysterious bird does not return, and the family is surrounded by walls. "

"Qing Si Fu" was written by Ruan Wei, the Three Kingdoms: "A little away from the danger of Su Qing."

Song Ceng Gong's "Decision on the Restoration of the State": "I can't stop working, and I am separated from my parents and brothers, and I have thoughts after death." "

Liu Sheng, Qing Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio: "But people are separated in the room, so I will borrow Hong Wei and I will give it all."

Li Dazhao lost his life: "Farmers lost their fields, workers lost their jobs, businesses lost their sources, and parents, brothers and wives were separated."

2. Dispersion.

Example:

"Liao Weizi Bing Ling Merchants": "Single-minded victory, decentralized defeat."

In the Tang Dynasty, Liu Zongyuan's Unofficial Yellow Bear: "The diseases of ordinary people are all exciting, and the sound and image are scattered, so there is Qimxy."

"The History of the Ming Dynasty, the First Emperor Taizu Ji": "When the Yuan Dynasty was weak, people's hearts were scattered when they heard about the chaos in the Central Plains."

In the Qing Dynasty, Wang Shizhen's "Occasionally Talking about the Red North and Presenting Five Public Legacies of Zhu Zhongzhuang": "Our country is rich in gold, which does not mean that the people are scattered and the financial resources are poor. As for this. "

Second, mathematics:

mathematics

pronounce

Shusue

explain

1, a science that studies the relationship between spatial form and quantity in the real world. Including arithmetic, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, calculus and so on.

2, the number of operations. Ancient knowledge about astronomy, calendar and divination.

detailed description

1, a study of ancient fingering.

Example:

Song Yu Wenbao's Four Notes on Blowing the Sword: "I dare not talk about the number. Wen Gong planted peony, and Yu Xiansheng said: Ma Jian died at noon one day. At the end of the day, the stables and horses ran away. Why isn't this math? "

Previously on the legacy of Xuanhe: "Taizong inherited the throne from Taizong, and Taizong wanted to decide Kyoto. He heard that Mr. Yi of Huashan Chen is famous for his virtue, good at mathematics and predicting the future. "

Qing Qing Cheng Zi's "Going to Wen Hui with Different Perspectives": "Concentrate on mathematics and physics, and take many strange tests."

2. Science that studies the spatial form and quantitative relationship of the real world, including arithmetic, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, calculus, etc.

Example:

Qian Yong's Book of Luyuan Conghua in Qing Dynasty: "Although mathematics is one of the six arts, its method is vast and exquisite, which is beyond the reach of shallow learning."

Third, discrete mathematics:

Discrete mathematics is a mathematical discipline that studies the structure and relationship of discrete quantities and an important branch of modern mathematics. The meaning of discreteness refers to different connecting elements. The structure based on discreteness and the relationship between them are mainly studied, and its objects are generally finite or countable elements. Discrete mathematics is widely used in various disciplines, especially in the field of computer science and technology. At the same time, discrete mathematics is also a necessary prerequisite for many professional courses of computer specialty, such as programming language, data structure, operating system, compilation technology, artificial intelligence, database, algorithm design and analysis, theoretical computer science foundation and so on. Through the study of discrete mathematics, we can not only master the descriptive tools and methods for dealing with discrete structures, but also create conditions for subsequent courses, improve abstract thinking and strict logical reasoning ability, and lay a solid foundation for participating in innovative research and development in the future.

1, subject introduction:

With the advent of the information age, the mainstream position of continuous mathematics represented by calculus has changed in the era of industrial revolution, and the importance of discrete mathematics has been gradually recognized by people. The ideas and methods taught in discrete mathematics are widely reflected in various fields of computer science and technology and related majors, from scientific calculation to information processing, from theoretical computer science to computer application technology, from computer software to computer hardware, from artificial intelligence to cognitive system, which are closely related to discrete mathematics. Because the digital electronic computer is a discrete structure, it can only deal with discrete or discrete quantitative relations. Therefore, both computer science itself and modern scientific research fields closely related to computer science and its application are faced with the problem of how to establish corresponding mathematical models for discrete structures. How to discretize the mathematical model established by continuous quantitative relationship so that it can be processed by computer.

Discrete mathematics is a comprehensive subject which integrates traditional logic, set theory (including function), number theory, algorithm design, combinatorial analysis, discrete probability, relation theory, graph theory and tree, abstract algebra (including algebraic system, group, ring, field, etc.). ), Boolean algebra, computational models (languages and automata) and so on. The application of discrete mathematics covers many fields of modern science and technology.

Discrete mathematics can also be said to be the basic core discipline of computer science. There is a famous typical example in discrete mathematics-the four-color theorem, also known as the four-color conjecture, which is one of the three major mathematical problems in the modern world. It was put forward by the British draftsman Fernandez guthrie in 1852. When coloring the map, he found a phenomenon, "Each map can only be colored in four colors, and *. So can this be proved mathematically? 100 years later 1976, Kenneth Appel and Wolfgang Haken used computer-aided calculation, which took 1200 hours and 1000 billion judgments, and finally proved the four-color theorem, causing a sensation in the world. This is discrete mathematics.

Discrete mathematics can be regarded as a bridge between mathematics and computer science, because discrete mathematics is not only inseparable from mathematical knowledge such as set theory and graph theory, but also related to database theory and data structure in computer science. It can lead people into the thinking field of computer science and promote the development of computer science.

2. Subject content:

1. set theory: sets and their operations, binary relations and functions, natural numbers and natural number set, cardinality of sets.

2. Graph theory: basic concepts of graphs, Euler graphs and hamiltonian graph, matrix representation of trees and graphs, planar graphs, graph coloring, dominating sets, covering sets, independent sets and matching, weighted graphs and their applications.

3. Algebraic structure: the basic concepts of algebraic system, semigroup and singularity, group, ring and field, lattice and Boolean algebra.

4. Combinatorial mathematics: combinatorial existence theorem, basic counting formula, combinatorial counting method and combinatorial counting theorem.

5. Mathematical logic: propositional logic, first-order predicate calculus and resolution principle.

Discrete mathematics is divided into three courses, namely set theory and graph theory, algebraic structure and combinatorial mathematics, and mathematical logic. The teaching method is mainly classroom teaching, supplemented by written homework after class, courseware release through the school network teaching platform and teacher-student communication.