Brief introduction to the origin of ancient geomantic omen

The origin and application of geomantic omen theory began with human activities. As early as the Paleolithic, ancestors lived in caves and in the wild, fighting for food for survival and gathering into tribes. Tribal sages "tied ropes" by observing the sky and the earth to suit things and realize the way of nature, camped in the palace and recorded books and deeds. This change is called "Yi". Building a house is based on safety, cold protection and heat protection, so we choose to live and survive in a place with high terrain and concealment that is not easy to be attacked by floods and wild animals. In order to avoid the attack of wind, rain and cold, some people have learned to observe the posture of mountains and rivers, the changes of trees and rocks, the changes of wind and rain weather, and choose a sunny place to live. These activities can be called "camping". As far as the camp burial of the deceased is concerned, the activity of choosing the burial place can be called "fragrant land".

Together, the above two aspects can be said to be the origin of Feng Shui. Judging from a large number of archaeological excavations, as early as four or five thousand years ago, human beings did not choose to build houses aimlessly, but chose the house site on the steps with a certain slope and dry and solid soil, close to the river, and most of the houses face south, with the back slope facing the water and the meridian direction. These constitute the most basic theory of Feng Shui.

Entering the society of Yin and Zhou Dynasties, Oracle Bone Inscriptions's word "house hill" proves that Yin people still have the custom of living in hills (hills refer to terraces of rivers).

The earliest document reflecting the activities of our ancestors in guarding our homes should be Poetry, Elegance and Gongliu.

"Du Gong Liu, die He Baiquan, deep He Pu original, but also Nangang people, is from Beijing. The wilderness of Shi Jing is everywhere in time, traveling in time, talking in time, and talking in time. " Honest and kind Gong Liu came to Baiquan Plain with spring water. Then climb the Nangao Hill and meet here to build Beijing. The venue conditions in Shi Jing are very good, so we stopped here. So we built burrow together, so we told everyone about it, so we talked in their own language. )

"Benedict gong liu, both pu and dragon, both jing and just, view its Yin and Yang, view its flowing spring. Its army has three orders, and it is original and food. Spend the sunset and live in the wilderness. " Gong Liu, honest and kind, can be versatile and expert, and measure Gao Gang in the shadow of the sun. Investigate the north and south yin and yang, and watch the water source and flow direction. I have come here many times to respect you, measure the lowlands and plains, and set the land tax to pay the grain. Measuring the sunset in the west can expand the use of land. )

"Benedict gong liu, Yu Siting. It's a mess to get involved in Wei, and it's a principle to stop the basics, so there are many people. Intercept its imperial stream and trace it back to the stream. It is only a matter of time before stopping traveling. " Honest and kind Gong Liu built a palace in the original site. Cross the Weihe River to cure it, but use Lishi and forging stone. Lay a good foundation and be organized, and exchange it for everyone. Living on both sides of a big stream, you can cross the stream and go upstream. People who live together are peaceful, and both inside and outside the inlet are close. )

Although the specific operation methods of later Feng Shui masters are much more complicated, the whole process of mountain and river exploration is very similar to that of Gong Liu.

"Preface to the History of Zhao Zhao" said: "If you become a king, you will want to stay in the city and let Zhao Gong stay in the government first." In the pre-Qin period, geographical knowledge became more and more abundant, and building cities and houses became an important matter for the royal family.

According to Oracle Bone Inscriptions and pre-Qin classics, people have clearly divided topography and hydrology. Land is divided into mountains, hills, tombs and hills. The waters are divided into Sichuan, Spring, River, Stream, Ze, Jiang, Yi and Tuo, and the riverbed is divided into Zhao, Chang, Zhu, Hu and Dan.

Shangshu Gong Yu is a book with the concept of systematic geography, in which there is a section of Guiding Mountain, which records more than 20 mountains between the Yellow River, Huaihe River and Yangtze River, which are divided into three columns from west to east, heading northeast or southeast, and become one of the bases for the so-called "Long Mai" of later Feng Shui experts.

"Guanzi" said: "Those who see glory in Goushan Mountain will be forbidden to prophesy, and those who move Guashan Mountain will commit a heinous crime and die without forgiveness", which is an emphasis on the lush vegetation in the mountain shape; "Its wood should be pale and juniper, and its grass should be thorns. When he saw the land, he ordered five applications (Shen is the unit of measurement, seven feet long), five or seven or thirty-five feet. As for the spring, it is in the middle corner. Its water warehouse (warehouse), its people are strong, its red (red in black soil) is strong (strong), and five kinds are not suitable. " This concept of "five soil and five tones" was developed into the theory of "five tones and five elements" by later Feng Shui.

The ancient books in the pre-Qin period also had the corresponding theory of "soil suitability" and "weather". Yi Zhou Shu Du Xun said: "soil suitability and weather can cure everything." "Zhou Li's Big Situ": "Distinguish the names of ten things with two kinds of soil, and know their interests with the cultivation techniques of houses, people, birds and animals and grass." The so-called "ten have two soils" is the dividing line corresponding to twelve times. Pay attention to "viewing the sky" when "facing the ground", and the correspondence between heaven and earth is the sublimation of Feng Shui.

In the pre-Qin period, the city's palaces should be built in advance and also in divination. There is a saying in Oracle Bone Inscriptions: "Kouzibu, Binzhen: How can I (build) a city?" "Mao Yibu, for zhen; Wang Zhayi, Deruo? I am from the Tang Dynasty. " This is a clear record that Shang kings needed divination to decide good or bad luck when building cities. It is also recorded in Poem Ya Mian that Grandpa Gu led people to move to the foot of Qishan, saying, "I will sign my turtle and build a house here", which means that I can live here first and then build a house to settle down. "Shangshu Zhaogu" records that the king of Wu wanted to move to Luoyi, so "Taibao went to Luoyi, but Buzhai". The Letters Patent records that the Duke of Zhou wanted to build Luo. "I am BuHe Aquarius, I am BuJian ShuiDong, ShuiXi, but Luo Shi. I eat water, and I eat food. Over the years, in order to draw lots and offer divination, after repeated divination, the base address was finally determined. Burying the dead also requires divination. In Xiao Zongbo, there is a "burial omen Oracle" after Wang's collapse. It is noted that: "The king was buried in July and will be buried, so the tomb is predicted first, so the cloud step is buried; If you are a cloud, you will be lucky and start wearing it. "It can be seen that the choice of the tomb site needs divination, and the excavation of the tomb also needs divination.

In the Han Dynasty, there were various directions and taboos of going to the grave. The tomb was decorated with inscriptions of stone men, beasts and towns to ward off evil spirits. The tomb of the town unearthed from the tomb of Fenghuang Mountain in Jiangling, Hubei Province, says: "Jiangling dares to say what he believes underground" and "the dead return to Yin and the living return to Yang" is a portrayal of this custom.

Guan lue was a plain warlock in the Wei, Jin and Three Kingdoms periods, and he was famous all over the world for having a mausoleum. Now Guanlue refers to Meng in geography and is circulated in the name of Guanlue.

Guo Pu in Jin Dynasty was the originator of geomantic omen. "Burial Book" said: "Buried people are angry, and the gas is scattered by the wind. The boundary water stops, but the gathering lasts for a long time. This is called feng shui. " Camp burial is called "Feng Shui", which has become a systematic geographical science and continues to this day.