Contrast: Jin Yong's martial arts rivers and lakes, Marvel comic hero universe.

I remember when I was a child in Anhui TV station, there was a big weekend broadcast every weekend, and the same TV series would be broadcast for two days in a row. Whenever I put it in a TV series adapted from Jin Yong's martial arts novels, I even want my mother to invite me to dinner. Seeing Zhang Wuji Guangmingding against six sects, I was as excited and satisfied as winning the grand prize.

Later, I was a little older, as if I had learned the ability to spit. I also think that men in Jin Yong's novels will always be loved by many women. If he falls off a cliff, he won't die, and he will learn peerless martial arts. I'm a little tired. After graduating from high school, I spent more time online. I saw a movie called Iron Man, and suddenly I felt very fresh. The hero can be a rich second generation, can sleep with many women, has a high IQ and learns everything quickly. Most importantly, such people can also be heroes who save the country and the earth. When I graduated from college, the students in the opposite dormitory specially bought The Avengers's theme T-shirts to shoot graduation photo.

Now that I'm working, I'm probably busy with reality, and I'm getting less enthusiastic about these unrealistic things. However, regardless of their attitude, these two completely different story systems still bring us some memories.

If Jin Yong gave China people a Jianghu about martial arts, then Marvel comics gave Americans a universe about heroes. If Jin Yong's rivers and lakes are boiled soup, which makes people memorable, then the universe of Marvel comics is cooking, which is delicious. If Jin Yong's rivers and lakes are woven in the gap of history, then the universe of Marvel comics is created at the forefront of science and technology.

If you choose a person from Jin Yong's martial arts Jianghu and Marvel comic hero universe to represent your own culture, then Guo Jing and Meituan will be undisputed figures. Maybe your favorite characters are not them.

In Jin Yong's trilogy of shoot carving, the women who love Guo Jing are the least, only Huang Rong and Hua Zheng, while the other two protagonists in the trilogy of shoot carving, Yang Guo and Zhang Wuji, are all admired women all the way. Guo Jing is not as wild as Yang Guo, but more stupid than Zhang Wuji, so Guo Jing is far less attractive to women than Yang Guo. It is this seemingly insipid personality that makes Guo Jing persistent and diligent. In the end, only Guo Jing can bear the honor of being a great man of Jin Yong. In The Legend of the Condor Heroes, Guo Jing's martial arts has never been the best in the world, but among many masters, Guo Jing is the most appealing in the Jianghu and the most prestigious among the people. This ideal ambition of saving the world is the sublimation of martial arts spirit. But Yang Guo and Zhang Wuji finally chose to escape from the Jianghu, which made them both Confucianism and Taoism.

China has a dialectical view since ancient times, that is, no matter how clever a person is, he is also stupid. In fact, even the smartest person is stupid, and a fool may be smart. Otherwise, how can there be a story of a fool moving mountains? Perhaps there is no such thing as a foolish man moving mountains, but the reason why China can last for thousands of years is that there is still hope for development. Isn't it the struggle of several generations of China people mentioned by Mr. Lu Xun? But from the perspective of personal life and behavior, we always think that those people are a little "stupid".

Of course, there are also opposing views that laziness makes people successful. It is precisely because of the lazy nature of human beings that such a convenient society has emerged, which sounds very reasonable. So there is a good saying: first-class wisdom is always contradictory.

Among the American superheroes corresponding to Guo Jing in Wulin, only Captain America.

Captain America, originally a short man, always likes to meddle, and it is natural to be beaten. But the American team will tell you: Although you can't beat it, you should keep playing, at least so that others will not look down on you. Of course, the heroes in Marvel comics are all blown up. What matters is not the growth of heroes, but their deeds. Captain America naturally won't go through all kinds of experiences to become a hero step by step like Guo Jing, but will make a gorgeous turn directly by injecting the serum of the super soldier. Americans seem to have no patience to wait for the growth of heroes.

In The Avengers, the fighting capacity of Raytheon and Hulk is definitely stronger than that of the US team, and the resources and technology of Iron Man are also higher than that of the US team, but the core of the whole team is the US team. In the eyes of the people, they will doubt the government, SHIELD, The Avengers, but not Captain America. When the whole SHIELD is controlled by Hydra, people will still choose to trust Captain America. Only those who are aboveboard and willing to sacrifice themselves will gain the trust of others. 70 years ago, Captain America died as a hero.

To some extent, the American team is a bit like the Tang Priest in Journey to the West. Everyone thinks that it is mainly due to the Monkey King's learning from the scriptures. However, if there were no Tang Priest, I am afraid this team would not exist. Captain America can unite this team, in addition to this spirit of self-sacrifice, there is also an idealist's persistence, which other heroes do not have. When the government was ready to control the Avengers, even the unruly Iron Man gave in, but Captain America still stuck to his beliefs. The local casualties caused by the Avengers' actions began to make them feel uneasy and introspective. Faced with this moral dilemma, choosing to continue to act independently is to choose to be an enemy of public morality, which is a more difficult choice than sacrificing yourself. The American team still dares to insist at this time. He said: We can save as many people as possible, but sometimes we can't save everyone. If we can't accept this, then we may not be able to save anyone.

Of course, the contradictions in the whole Marvel universe, whether from the inside of the earth or from the outside of the earth, reflect the values that the United States has always been proud of-freedom and its defense. When any organization or force, whether it is Hydra, Loki, Chirita or even the ultimate villain Thanos, wants to stifle human freedom, superheroes will gather together and fight together.

Therefore, both Guo Jing and the United States represent their own cultural values.

The biggest feature of Jin Yong's martial arts novels is that he likes to set the background of characters in a specific historical stage and write martial arts, but he can't leave the main line of history all the time, and Jin Yong's pen power is enough to be skillfully interspersed in the gap of history. "Tianlong Babu" was in the Northern Song Dynasty, the trilogy of shooting sculptures took place in the late Southern Song Dynasty, the late Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty, and Lushan Gong was in the Kangxi period. On the contrary, almost all the heroes of Marvel comics are created with the development of the times and technology. The emergence of the Hulk is due to the radiation of rays, and the mutant is due to the mutation of genes. These are the characters that can only be produced with the development of the times and the progress of science and technology.

The reason why Jin Yong's novels can occasionally influence Chinese people in the world is also because Jin Yong's novels have rich traditional cultural connotations in China. Jin Yong's novels run through the east, west, north and south geographically. To the north, Zhang Cuishan's Yin Susu drifted to the Arctic Ocean, to the south, Pei Hu went to Foshan, Guangdong, to the east, Wei Xiaobao was governor of Taiwan Province, to the west, and Ding Chunqiu came from Xinghai. But in Jin Yong's works, there are seemingly handy names. One of Duan Yu's martial arts, LingBo Wei Step, comes from Cao Zhi's Ode to Luoshen. The moves in the hands of the 18 dragons are flying in the sky, and Kang Long has regrets. It is also from the book of changes. The plot setting of Zhenlongqi is the application of traditional Go in China.

In the superhero universe of Marvel Universe, there are steel suits that can go to sea to fight F22 one-on-one, Ant Man telescopic suits that can become bigger and smaller, and warships that sail in the air. These are all Americans' imaginations of future technology. In American movies, many technological imaginations have come true. For example, in "Mission Impossible 4", a pair of glasses were used to take pictures in order to sneak a shot of the document. As long as people with glasses blink, they will take pictures automatically. Later, the development of Google Glass really realized this function. The description of science and technology itself increases the wonderful degree and attraction of the work.

China's greatest feature is history, while the United States' greatest feature is innovation. We really have to admit that we are not as creative as Americans. This is also reflected in cultural creation. But overcorrection, we often have the suspicion of forgetting our roots. If we live abroad, whether in Japan, the United States, Britain or France, what we can be proud of is not the economic influence of our country, but the profound historical background of our nation.

One explanation given in the dictionary about rivers and lakes is that in the old society, people wandered around and made a living by selling art, medicine and divination. This is far from the rivers and lakes in our hearts. About the chivalrous man, it can be traced back to the chivalrous biography in historical records. As a historical book that studies the relationship between man and nature and connects the changes of ancient and modern times, Guo Jie's generation in Meng can record these people, which shows that Tai Shigong affirmed this kind of knight-errant, but if this kind of knight-errant is put in today's view, it is more like a underworld. In illegal society, sometimes "underworld" can better represent a simple sense of justice. Later, the heroes in the water margin, although chivalrous and courageous, still lacked a profound cultural implication. All the chivalrous stories that have been developed in China for thousands of years are still not as impressive as the rivers and lakes written by Jin Yong. Jin Yong's martial arts rivers and lakes are deeply rooted in people's hearts, not because of the description of martial arts itself, but because of the perspective of martial arts to describe a word: love. In Jin Yong's own words, "I write novels mainly about emotions, focusing on beautiful emotions and dealing with unavoidable ugly emotions."

Jin Yong's novels have feelings of men and women as well as brotherhood. Asking what love is in the world makes people commit suicide. When Li Mochou was caught in the fire, maybe we could really understand Li Mochou's sadness. When the Jianghu heroes, Shaolin monks and Prince Dali have completely different identities and backgrounds, they have the same loyalty, but they can always adhere to the chivalrous spirit and become brothers in the Jianghu grievances. Compared with today's interests, there are not so many considerations based on interests. This may be a more primitive way of thinking in human development, but it is still the brotherhood that every man yearns for.

Therefore, when we discuss Jin Yong's martial arts, we seldom discuss the framework and historical contradictions of this Jianghu. We will talk more about a specific person. I remember an essay whose happiness is attributed to whom, which begins with: Zhang Wuji gave up rivers and lakes, but gave his happiness to Zhao Min, but gave his care to Xiao Zhao, his wandering to the spider and his regret to Zhiruo.

Wait, there are countless discussions and quotations about Jin Yong's martial arts figures.

Compared with Jin Yong's martial arts rivers and lakes, Marvel comics rarely use human feelings to depict heroes or promote plots. Heroes such as Iron Man, Hulk and Captain Deadpool are all born accidents. Under the cosmic framework of Marvel comics, they constantly deal with all kinds of accidents, constantly bringing shock and suspense to the audience and readers. But it is easy to move towards the heroic mass production mode of the same mold. Although Jin Yong's martial arts novels will also have this feeling, the rivers and lakes written by Jin Yong are not unconstrained, but have profound social and cultural connotations, which makes up for the disjointed growth history of martial arts heroes to some extent.

Although Marvel comics focus on stories, the occasional sensational pen is even more touching. When Iron Man fell out with Captain America, the American team said, "He is my friend." Iron man responded, "so I". Did the audience suddenly feel sorry for this serious playboy?

Jin Yong's rivers and lakes are relatively independent, and the trilogy of shooting and carving is just at the right time. Of course, this is also the doomed feature of historical martial arts novels themselves. In contrast, Marvel comics have a complete story structure. In the same cosmic space-time, the story that happened to one hero will also have an impact on other heroes, and all heroes also have the same ultimate enemy-Thanos. So when all the heroes form The Avengers, it will become a climax of Marvel Universe, which will be more attractive to the audience. This seems to be a kind of nature of the audience, and all the audience want to see a complete system of stories.

For example, many readers of Jin Yong like to sort out the relationship between characters in the trilogy of shooting and carving. Even Jin Yong himself hoped to do so when revising the novel. For example, when Jin Yong revised the novel, he explained the origin of Jiuyang Zhen Jing, and linked Jiuyin Zhen Jing in the sculpture shooting with Xu Zhu in Tianlong Babu.

This complete story world is also one of the important reasons why Harry Potter, The Lord of the Rings, Fire and Ice can attract a large number of fans.

Nowadays, American TV plays attract more and more young audiences because they pay attention to stories and emphasize logic and suspense, which makes people look very involved. However, domestic film and television dramas are increasingly disappointing, because they like to take human feelings as the core and the plot seems calm. To sum up, we use stories to describe the traditional thinking of characters, while American dramas use characters to serve stories. Of course, this way of American drama, if the skill is not deep enough, will often make the audience feel very tired, the change is too abrupt, and there is no inherent inevitability. The Vampire Diaries made such a mistake.

No matter which way of thinking, a successful work must be just right. This is mainly about the skills of writers, such as Jin Yong, and George R. R. Martin, the author of Fire and Ice.

I try to compare Jin Yong's martial arts Jianghu with the heroic universe of Marvel comics, not because I am a loyal reader of both, but because an animated film debate some time ago inspired me. I'm not interested in some arguments that "it's bigger than begonia", but I agree with an article that Huo Ying is Japanese at first sight. Even if it is dubbed in Chinese, it won't make you feel that it has anything to do with China. Zootopia is an American at first sight. The weak rabbit wants to be a policeman and get rid of violence. Rabbits and foxes can have mutual affection. These are all very American things. Jin Yong's martial arts Jianghu looks like China, but our cultural strength has not yet begun to affect the whole world like the economy. It seems that only China people can understand the beauty. What's more regrettable is that there is no such work after Jin Yong.