The ancestor of mankind in history is in Huaihe Cultural Square.

The humanistic ancestor of Huaihe Cultural Square refers to Fuxi. Fuxi is a legendary figure in history, about 7000 years ago. His achievements are:

1, start gossiping

Speaking of gossip, I naturally think of Fuxi. "Under the Book of Changes" contains: "The ancients were the kings of Xi's family. When they looked up, they looked up at the sky, and when they looked down, they looked at the ground; Watching the culture of birds and beasts and the suitability of the land, taking all the bodies close and taking all the things far, so it starts gossip to understand the virtues of the gods and the feelings of all things. " "Preface to Taishigong's Historical Records" said: "I heard from my ancestors that Fuxi was honest and easy to gossip." In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wang Chong said: "It is easy to talk about Fuxi as gossip. There was no gossip before, and Fuxi made it, so just do it. " Initiating gossip marks the sudden progress of the ancestors' understanding level and is of special significance to their own development and social progress. The thought of Yin-Yang Eight Diagrams is the unity of opposites, which constitutes a unique mode for the Chinese nation to understand the subjective world and the objective world, and provides a theoretical basis for the establishment and development of traditional natural science and social science in China. Therefore, Fuxi is called "the ancestor of mankind".

There is no doubt that scholars of all ages have agreed on Fuxi's gossip, from the Book of Changes in the pre-Qin Dynasty, the Book of Weeds in the Han Dynasty, and the classic interpretation works in the Qing Dynasty. Primitive people have a close relationship with nature, and their sense of nature is much sharper than that of modern people. Facing all kinds of problems left over from nature, Fuxi pondered and explored in a simple and simple cultural environment without the limitation of conventional patterns, found the commanding heights of thinking behind ordinary things, and made an in-depth investigation on the relationship between man and nature, thus realizing the law of the movement and change of everything in the world, abstracting the two most basic elements of "Yin" and "Yang" from concrete things, and expressing them with the special "language" of gossip, namely.

2. Invent fishing and hunting tools

Hunting and fishing to make a living is the basic technology of primitive people, and the reform of tools is very important to develop this productivity. The Book of Changes says: "(Fuxi) tied a rope, made a net and rented it to people to fish." "quotations from corpses" said: "there are many animals in Fuxi's world, so people are taught to hunt." Fu used his intelligence to learn how spiders weave webs, and the Ministry of Education will weave a web with ropes to catch animals, fish and shrimp. The progress of tools is of epoch-making significance, which makes the fishing and hunting industry develop unprecedentedly and greatly increases the catch. So we domesticated inexhaustible fishing and hunting products, started animal husbandry, and then started primitive agriculture, and the society entered an era of simultaneous farming and animal husbandry. In this way, Fuxi also became the representative of animal husbandry culture. Until modern times, Fuxi was still popular in fishing and hunting as the ancestor. Fishing tools such as stone nets, bone hooks and harpoons have been found in Yangshao cultural sites, and the images of fish or animals have also entered painted pottery art products, and grid decorative patterns are more common, which can prove the importance of animal husbandry in production and life in Fuxi era.

3 system wedding

In the early days of clan society, human beings lived in primitive groups, divided into men and women, but had no family life. With the development of society, the harm of group marriage has gradually emerged. Fuxi reformed the marriage system and advocated monogamous marriage in pairs. Qiao Zhou of the Three Kingdoms, Textual Research on Ancient History, said: "Fuxi married as a gift." Couples' skins are two pieces of deer skins, which are sent out to show that they want to pair up. We can imagine that on a sunny day, Fuxi held a tribal alliance meeting and solemnly announced: "From now on, the original practice of mixed travel between men and women, no matchmaking and no employment will not work." Everyone should take care of themselves. Anyone who wants to get a woman must get married and get a gift. Two deerskin is enough. I hope you will pay attention to it and severely punish those who violate it. "In this way, the marriage system has undergone revolutionary changes. The promiscuity of consanguinity has become an alien marriage, thus improving the fertility quality of the population, improving the physical quality of the population and promoting social progress. As an ancient custom, it has been handed down. There is a story in The Book of Songs, in which a hunter lured a young girl with the deer he had caught. Until the Han Dynasty, there was still Li in Li Na Pi. Tu wedding. "

4. Book contract

"I ching. "Under the Cohesion" said: "There was a knot in ancient times, and later sages changed it into a book." The "sage of later generations" mentioned here refers to Fuxi. In primitive times, knotting notes was a common phenomenon among all ethnic groups in the world, and the specific method was roughly to tie a big knot. Small things are knotted, and some are printed with different colors as an aid. At the same time, the knotted rope has the function of counting. Fu's book-making refers to carving symbols. If you have to remember something, it is much simpler and more convenient to engrave or draw it on something with a specific symbol first than to tie a rope to remember it. In fact, gossip has the function of book contract. Dozens of symbols carved on pottery were found in the Dadiwan cultural site in Qin 'an corresponding to Fuxi era. Although it is difficult to prove that they are the predecessors of words for the time being, there are still symbols indicating which era represents simple ideas. Step 5 create a calendar

Zhou pian Shu Jing said: "Fuxi made a calendar." The so-called calendar is the calendar. Calendar is the product of production practice. In the Fuxi era, primitive agriculture had begun, and Fuxi tribe had mastered certain calendar knowledge, specifically phenology, such as "The Book of Songs in July": "April weeds, May weeds, August harvest, October meteorite" and so on. As for the complete calendar, it was completed in the Shang Dynasty. There is also a saying about how to make a calendar. See "Historical Records Yao Dian": "(Yao) ordered him to respect heaven, and the calendar was like the sun, the moon and the stars to teach the people".

6, artificial fire fighting

Qing Ma's Yi Shi quoted He Tu Man Fu as saying: "Fu Xi Zen in Bo Niu, drilling wood to make a fire." Archaeology has proved that the history of human using natural fire can be traced back to 654.38 million years ago. Fuxi's "drilling wood to make fire" is an improvement on the method of making fire. Ash pits, stoves and fire ponds have been found in Qin 'an Dadiwan cultural site and the corresponding Yangshao cultural site, indicating that fire has been widely used in Fuxi era. The use of fire is of decisive significance to the development of human physique. There is also a saying that the historical background of Suiren's fire drilling should also be Fuxi era.

7. Make music.

Xu Shen in the Eastern Han Dynasty explained "Qin" in Shuowen: "The string of Bao is also." Wang Jia's Notes in the Western Jin Dynasty said: "It is a shame to burn the earth." Textual research on the ancient history of the reflection of the Three Kingdoms and Qiao Zhou says: "Fuxi plays the harp", and Qing Ma quotes the cloud: "Fuxi has a sound name, and the cloud is Fu Lai, which is also called." Music and dance are an indispensable part of primitive life. 1973 The painted pottery pot with dancing patterns unearthed from Majiayao cultural site in Ledu County, Qinghai Province vividly reproduces the life scenes of ancestors' songs and dances. In Fuxi era, there must be music. At that time, percussion instruments were mainly used, such as knocking on pottery pots, leather and stone tools as the beat of singing and dancing. As for the string, it should be limited to the bow of Danxian (that is, bowstring). The so-called Fuxi's creation of harps and harps can be understood as the idealization of low-level musical bows. However, there are some shackles, and several pieces have been unearthed from the Dadiwan site. Up to now, there are many folk makers in Tianshui area, and even children have tried it. As for music, there must be something in Fuxi era, and statements like "Li Ji" should be regarded as the idealization of original music.

8. Other inventions and creations

Fu's achievements, besides those listed above, are many. Taste hundreds of medicines, make nine needles, and make medicines; The law of libu, libu; Set up nine departments, set up Rokutasu, and manage tribal affairs by region. The attribution of these inventions is confusing in ancient books and will not be described again. It is normal and common to add several rings to a great character in ancient books.

In a word, Fuxi era is the beginning of Chinese civilization. Fuxi tribe, which lives on the loess plateau in the west Weihe River basin, developed and merged with the eastern tribes, greatly improving the level of productivity, so many inventions were made. Fuxi is an outstanding representative of this era and has made contributions to the development of society. Therefore, all inventions and creations of this era depend on him to show the worship and praise for this outstanding tribal leader. It can be said that Fuxi's invention belongs to Fuxi and the whole Fuxi era.