When did Pan Geng move to Yin?

The Shang Dynasty experienced more than 500 years from its founding to its demise. Because the capital was moved repeatedly in the early stage. And in the last 270 years, Yin (now Anyang City, Henan Province) was the base address, so Shang Dynasty was also called Yin Dynasty. Sometimes it's also called overtone or overtone. Pan Geng is the capital of the Shang Dynasty, and Pan Geng is the ninth grandson of Shang Tang and the nineteenth king of the Shang Dynasty. Pan Geng established its capital in Yin and stopped moving the capital, reflecting that the importance of agriculture has surpassed that of animal husbandry at this time, and people have the need to settle down. The following is the time when Pan Geng moved to Yin, which I carefully arranged for you. I hope you like it.

When did Pan Geng move to Yin?

Pan Geng moved to Yin in BC 1320.

In the late Shang Dynasty, Wang Nian was in Shangshu? There are narratives in Wuyi, and two ancient versions of Zhushuzhi are also preserved. When later scholars estimated the total number of years of Pan Geng's emigration, there were three theories: 275, 273 and 253. It is estimated that the year of King Wu's commercial negotiation was BC 1046. In 275, Pan Geng moved to Yin in BC 1320. If 273 is adopted, Pan Geng moved to Yin in BC 13 18; If 253 years were adopted, Pan Geng moved to Yin in BC 1298. Because the first year of Wuding was determined as 1250 BC, and considering the rationality of the total number of years in Pan Geng, 253 years was more appropriate, so Pan Geng moved to Yin in 1298 BC, and today it is rounded to 1300 BC.

Pan Geng's migration to Yin was a historical event in the middle of Shang Dynasty. After Pan Geng succeeded to the throne, he decided to move the capital to Yin (now Anyang, Henan) to save the political crisis.

When Shang Tang established the Shang Dynasty, the earliest capital was Bo (b? , now Shangqiu, Henan). In the next 300 years, the capital moved five times. This is because the royal family often competes for the throne and civil strife occurs; Coupled with frequent floods in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. A flood flooded the capital, at the same time, the struggle between rulers for the throne was fierce. Some people say that the father dies and the son succeeds, while others say that brothers should be brothers and sisters. Between uncles and nephews, there is often a life-and-death struggle for the throne. They messed up the country for self-interest. Can't consider moving the capital.

After Pan Geng moved the capital to Yin, the merchants settled down and stopped migrating. From then on, the political situation was stable, the governors came to the DPRK, and the Shang Dynasty was strong.

The reason why Pan Geng moved to Yin.

After a struggle, Pan Geng decided to move to Yin. After Tai Jia, the monarchs and slave owners of Shang Dynasty lived a corrupt life. They live on humans and slaves. Cruel exploitation of people and slaves, everything drives slaves to do. Between slaves and slave owners. The class contradiction was so sharp that slaves fled in large numbers because of unbearable torture. Between rulers, the struggle for the throne is also very fierce. Some people say that the father died and the son succeeded to the throne, while others say that brothers are brothers and sisters, uncles and brothers, who often fight to the death for the throne. They messed up the country for self-interest.

The Shang dynasty was weakened by class contradictions and slave owners' contradictions, and its national strength was weakening day by day Some small countries and ethnic minorities also rebelled. Coupled with natural disasters such as floods and droughts, the slave country of Shang Dynasty was almost on the verge of collapse.

At this moment, the first18th king of the Shang Dynasty of the Yang family died, and Pan Geng, the younger brother of the Yang family, succeeded to the throne. Pan Geng is a man of great wisdom. When he saw this situation, he felt that the country could not go on as usual. We should try to eradicate these ills in order to solve these problems and save the decline of Shang Dynasty. He came up with a way to move the capital to Yin, because there are two advantages to going there:

First, Yin's land is fertile, and its natural environment is better than that of the present capital, whether it is to build the capital or develop agricultural production. Second, after moving the capital, everything has to start from scratch, the royal family and nobles have been suppressed, and class contradictions have been alleviated; Third, moving the capital can avoid the attacks of those rebels. The capital is safer, there is less external interference, and the rule can be much more stable.

However, many people opposed the decision to move the capital, mainly slave owners and nobles. They know they can't have fun in a new place as they do now. Pan Geng is a very determined person. Never change your attitude just because someone objects. He called together slave owners and nobles and gave them two speeches. The first lecture is persuasion. Tell everyone the benefits of moving the capital to Yin. He said: "I want to follow the example of the former king, care about his subjects, care about you, bless you and take you to the place where you seek happiness." If you have a second thought, the soul of the late king in heaven will send disaster and punish you! "The second lecture is a demonstration, warning people in a tough tone that they must obey the order of moving the capital from a long distance, or they will be severely punished.

Pan Geng tried both hard and soft, and finally completed the plan to move the capital, but the struggle did not end in Cambodia. People go to a new place, and many places don't adapt, so they clamor to go back to their hometown. Noble Nubao took the opportunity to make trouble and incited everyone to move back to their hometown. Pan Geng published another speech with a tough attitude and never warned the slave owners and nobles not to make trouble, otherwise they would be severely punished. It was several years before the situation stabilized. Slaves were forced to work here day and night, and a very prosperous city appeared on the land of Yin. Since then, the capital of Shang Dynasty has been permanently located in Yin Cheng. Due to the governance of Pan Geng, the Shang Dynasty was politically stable and its social, economic and cultural development was great. At that time, the smelting technology of copper was greatly improved, and the bronze smelting and casting technology of Shang Dynasty reached a new technical height, further expanding the production scope of bronze. There is a large bronze workshop near Yin Cheng, where thousands of slaves work. Slaves used copper, tin and lead as raw materials to smelt and cast thousands of weapons such as axes, knives, spears and knives. Dining utensils such as ding, Jue, ladle, pot, plate and jar; Axe, chisel, drill, shovel and other tools. Many bronzes have beautiful shapes and exquisite patterns, reaching a superb artistic level and forming a world-famous bronze culture. Archaeologists unearthed the famous Simuwu Dafang Ding in Yin Ruins. It is133cm high,110cm long, 78cm wide and weighs 875kg. Ding belly has the words "Simuwe", hence the name. It is now completely preserved in the Museum of Chinese History, and it is the largest bronze unearthed in the world so far. It can also be seen from the bronzes of Shang Dynasty that the splendid ancient culture of our country was created by working people with slaves as the main body.

In the ruins of Yin Ruins, there are also a large number of tortoise shells and cattle shoulder and spleen bones, which are engraved with many words. These characters are the oldest ones found in China, and they are called Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Yi language has more than 3,000 words, most of which have been deciphered by archaeologists. It turns out that the royal aristocrats in the Yin Dynasty were superstitious and used tortoise shells and animal bones to predict everything. Asking ghosts and gods whether things are good or bad and predicting the outcome of things are all carved on tortoise shells and ox bones. Most of them record the reasons and results of divination, and whether it came true later. These Oracle Bone Inscriptions records many important events in the Yin Dynasty, which provides reliable data for us to study the history of Shang Dynasty. The Significance of Pan Geng's Moving to Yin