Interpretation of the Full Text of The Book of Songs Picking Wei

Pea seedlings have been picked again, and wild peas have just emerged from the ground. I said I would go home, but it still didn't come true by the end of the year.

No wife, no family, to fight Hyun-yun. There is no time to rest, to fight Hyun-yun.

The pea seedlings have been picked again, and the wild peas are very tender. Said he went home, and he was depressed.

Anxiety is burning, and hunger is unbearable. The location of the garrison cannot be fixed, and it is impossible to take the letter home.

Bean sprouts are picked again, and the stems and leaves of wild peas are getting old. He said that he went home and went home again in October.

But the king's errand is not finished yet, and I have no leisure to enjoy this quiet and good time. My heart hurts and I can't go home now.

What flowers are in full bloom? It's Tang Dihua. What kind of car is it? General among generals, of course.

The troop ship started, and four horses were tall and big. How dare you live safely? Because of a month of fighting!

Riding four horses, four horses are tall and strong. The generals sat in the car and the soldiers were under its protection.

Four horses were trained, with bows and shark sacs decorated with Gu Xiang. How can you not be vigilant every day? Xianyun's difficulty is urgent.

Recalling the original exploration, the wind in Yang Liuyi was blowing in the wind; Now back on the road, snowflakes are flying everywhere. The road is muddy and difficult to walk, and people are thirsty and hungry.

The road is muddy, hungry and thirsty. Full of sadness, full of sadness, who experienced my sadness!

Translation:

Picking the roses in handfuls, the new buds of Osmunda japonica have grown out. Say go home, say go home, another year. If you have a home, you have no home. Fight with ghosts. There is no leisure to sit down and fight with ghosts.

Pick the European Union one by one, and Osmunda japonica is fresh and tender. Say "home" and "home", I'm worried. Full of anxiety, burning, hunger and thirst, it is bitter. It is difficult to decide on land defense transfer. Who will take the book Trust home?

Pick up the EU one by one, Osmunda japonica is already old. Say "go home" and "go home", and then October comes again. No royal errands. I want to rest and have no leisure. Full of sadness and pain, afraid of never going home.

What flowers are in full bloom? Tang Di is full of flowers. What car is tall and big? The general rode in a tall chariot. Driving a chariot to fight, four strong horses galloped together. How dare you coexist peacefully on the border? How many times to win in January!

Driving four Dagong horses, which are tall and big. The general leaned against the car and the soldiers relied on it for cover. The four horses are neat, and the fish skin and quiver are carved with bows. Not a day goes by without vigilance, the military situation is urgent!

Recall that when I went out, Yangliuyiyi blew with the wind; Now on the way back, the snow is flying all over the sky. The road is muddy and difficult to walk, and I am really tired of being thirsty and hungry. Full of sadness, full of sadness. Who knows my sadness!

Appreciation of The Book of Songs and Wei's Selected Books (Excerpt)

Recalling the original exploration, the wind in Yang Liuyi was blowing in the wind; Now back on the road, snowflakes are flying everywhere.

(yù)

The road is muddy and difficult to walk, and people are thirsty and hungry.

Rain: It means rain.

Yesterday: Once upon a time

Yi: (modal particle)

Yiyi: Describe the way branches sway in the wind.

Feifei: The way snowflakes fly.

(translation)

Recall that when I went out, Yangliuyiyi blew with the wind;

Now on the way back, the snow is flying all over the sky.

(Remarks)

Yesterday: Once upon a time.

Yi: Modal auxiliary words

Yiyi: Describe the way branches sway in the wind.

Thinking: Modal auxiliary words.

Feifei: The way snowflakes fly.

Enjoy 1:

This is a famous sentence in the Book of Songs, which, like a painting, expresses the feelings of a traveler who is away from home to the fullest. It was spring when I went out, and the willows were dancing. When I came back, it was already rainy and snowy in winter. At this time of year, everything he has experienced is self-evident.

Appreciation 2:

Picking Wei is one of the poems in The Book of Songs. Annotators in past dynasties have different opinions on the date of its completion. However, according to its contents and other historical records, it is more likely that the works of the Zhou Xuanwang era will be revised. The stubborn nationalities in the northern part of the Zhou Dynasty (later Xiongnu) were very powerful and often invaded the Central Plains, which brought many disasters to the people's lives in the north at that time. In history, there are many records of the Zhou emperor sending troops to defend the border and ordering soldiers to send troops to defeat him. Judging from the content of Cai Wei, it is an era in which soldiers defend their country and struggle hard. This poem praises the hard life and homesickness of the soldiers who joined the army.

The whole poem is divided into three chapters, and the first three chapters are layered. It was written by Shi Wei. The garrison sergeant is far from home, homesick for a long time, and worried! The author wrote: Shan Wei, you have sprouted and been born. We should go home! But it's another year in a blink of an eye, and we have already neglected our family. Why? We didn't even have time to sit for a while for the invasion, but also for the invasion. We need to attack! It's time to pick Wei again. Ye Wei has grown up and leaves are tender. Time to go home! The sadness in my heart is so fierce that I am running for the war, and our garrison period is uncertain. Who can bring us a letter home? Shanwei is strong, it's time to go home! October is already spring! But the king's business is endless, and he can't have leisure. His sad mood is very painful, but no one is comforting him! The fourth and fifth chapters are about the busy and tense border war: what are the blooming flowers? It's a flower from Tang Di. Compare the prosperity of military chariots and horses with flowers: what's the big deal? That's a soldier's military vehicle. Since we had chariots, the horses were tall and vigorous, and wars were frequent, so the army had to migrate. How dare you settle down? Driving four stallions with their heads held high, the general sat in the chariot, the infantry hid behind the chariot, the horses were mighty and vigorous, and the elephant bone bow and fish skin quiver in the hands of soldiers were always by their side. The war of aggression is so powerful and rampant that horses can be more vigilant every day. These two chapters are about ferocity and Zhou's military discipline, which strengthened Ma Zhuang's grand military power. However, the life of the garrison is also hard and tense, which was written by the author in a realistic way. The sixth chapter, with a different style of writing, describes the conscripts' sadness of hunger and cold on their way back to their hometown: I think that when I went to war, Ye Sheng was full of willows. At this time, the snow and snow returned to my hometown, and the journey was long, cold, hungry and thirsty, which was very embarrassing and miserable. Xie Xuan, a native of Jin Dynasty, regarded the four sentences of "I was in the past tense" as the best poem among the 300 poems. It has a great influence in the history of literature. It is often sung and imitated by later scholars. Because the Book of Songs is famous for its profound simplicity, there are not many such sad and moving works. Therefore, it became a model of lyric works in The Book of Songs and was praised by writers of past dynasties.

The theme of this poem is serious. Zhou's soldiers were ready for battle because of their bravery. As a garrison sergeant, the author describes the seriousness of the army and the hardships of life by ordering generals and sending soldiers to guard China. The author's patriotic feelings are expressed through his hatred for you. It is also reflected in the description of their loyalty to their duties-"not in a hurry to live", "not in a hurry to live", "dare to settle down", "not flinching" and extreme homesickness. The whole poem is supplemented by touching descriptions of natural scenery: the birth of Wei, the softness and softness of Wei, the flowers, weeping willows, rain and snow in Tang Di all set off the lives of soldiers, but they are homesick in their hearts. What is written here is the true thoughts of soldiers. Sad mood did not reduce the value of this article as a patriotic poem, on the contrary, it showed people's simplicity.

From the writing point of view, like many works in The Book of Songs, it uses the method of stimulating interest. In addition, it is repeated in composition and morphology, which makes the content and interest spread layer by layer and gradually deepen, and also enhances the musical beauty and rhythm of the works. The whole poem has narrative, discussion, scenery, lyricism and psychological description, and the collocation is appropriate. Therefore, the article Cai Wei is indeed one of the best chapters in the Book of Songs. (Jiang Liangfu)

(Introduction by the author)

The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China, which was compiled into a book in the middle of 6th century BC. It is said that it was compiled by Confucius, the founder of Confucianism. The Book of Songs was originally named "Poetry", and there were 305 * * * poems (in addition, there were 6 poems with titles and no content, which was called "Sheng Poetry"), so it was also called "Poetry 300". Confucianism has regarded it as a classic since the Han Dynasty, so it is called The Book of Songs. Mao Heng in Han Dynasty annotated The Book of Songs, so it was also called Mao Shi. Most of the authors of the poems in The Book of Songs cannot be verified.

Most of the poems recorded in The Book of Songs come from the people. It is said that in order to observe the folk customs and political gains and losses, the Zhou Dynasty set up a special poetry collector to collect folk songs. Most of the poems in The Book of Songs come from this place. The other part is a poem dedicated by officials and scholars to Zhou Tianzi, praising virtue and whitewashing peace. Some of these poems have been verified, some are speculative, and some are well-founded, but they are not very important. As for the editors of the Book of Songs, those who think that Duke Zhou can't be established now. Another argument is that Confucius deleted poems, which is not convincing.

The poems recorded in The Book of Songs span a long time, from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, covering a wide area, from the north of the Yellow River to Jianghan Basin. In the Han Dynasty, when there were three schools, namely Lu, Qi and Han, he stood as a scholar, followed by Shi Mao. After the popularity, three poets, Qi, Lu and Han, passed away one after another. Many people have interpreted the Book of Songs in the past dynasties, such as Zhuxi's Biography of Poetry in the Song Dynasty, Wang Fuzhi's The Book of Songs in the Qing Dynasty, Ma's Notes on Mao's Poems and Wang Xianxuan's Poems.

The Book of Songs consists of 305 articles, which are divided into three parts: style, elegance and ode. Wind has fifteen national styles and is a folk song of all countries in the world. This part of literature has the highest achievements, including praising beautiful things such as love and labor, complaining and angry about homesickness, thinking about people and opposing oppression and bullying. Elegance and vulgarity are divided into elegance and vulgarity and Xiaoya, and most of them are poems that offer sacrifices to noble people, pray for a good harvest and praise their ancestors. Xiaoya also has some folk songs. Ode is a poem dedicated to the ancestral temple. The poems in Ya and Ode are of great value to our study of early history, religion and society. Confucius once summarized the purpose of the Book of Songs as "innocence" and educated his disciples and children to read the Book of Songs as their standard of speech and action. Among the pre-Qin philosophers, many people quoted The Book of Songs, such as Mencius, Xunzi, Mozi, Zhuangzi and Han Feizi. Quote the sentences in the Book of Songs to enhance your persuasiveness. Later, The Book of Songs was regarded as a classic by Confucianism and became one of the Six Classics (including Poetry, Calligraphy, Rites, Yue, Yi, Spring and Autumn) and Five Classics (without Yue).

The area covered by the Book of Songs is mainly the Yellow River Basin, starting from Shanxi and Gansu in the west, reaching the southwest of Hebei Province in the north, Shandong in the east and Jianghan Basin in the south.

Writing process

The earliest works of The Book of Songs were written in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty. According to historical records, this book was written by Duke Ji Dan of Zhou. The latest work was written in the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period. According to Zheng Xuan's Preface to Poetry, it is Martin Zhu Lin, which spans about 600 years.

There are two versions about the lost collection of The Book of Songs: "Wang Guan collected poems" and "Confucius deleted poems":

Crown collects poems.

It is recorded in Hanshu Shihuozhi that the Zhou court sent special envoys to collect folk songs all over the country during the busy farming season, which were collected by Zhou historians and presented to the emperor to understand the people's feelings.

Confucius deleted poems

This statement can be found in Historical Records. It is said that there are 3,000 ancient poems, of which 300 were compiled by Confucius according to the standard of propriety and righteousness, and the book of songs was compiled.

At present, it is generally believed that The Book of Songs was collected by the vassal states with the assistance of the Zhou court, and then compiled by historians and musicians. Confucius also participated in the process of sorting out.

Style classification

Regarding the classification of poems in The Book of Songs, there is a saying of "four beginnings and six meanings". "Four Beginnings" refers to four top poems: Feng, Elegance, Ode. "Six meanings" refers to "wind, elegance, praise, fu, comparison and glory". "Style, elegance and praise" are the classification of the Book of Songs according to different music, and "Fu, Bi and Xing" are the expressions of the Book of Songs.

Wind, elegance, praise

"Wind", also known as "national wind", has 15 group, and "wind" is the general term of music. 15 group is not music from 15 countries, but music from more than ten regions. The national wind includes 160 music songs of,, Yi, Wei, Wang, Zheng, Qi, Wei, Tang, Qin, Qian, Chen and Cao. The national wind was a popular local song at that time, with local color. In terms of content, most of them are folk songs. The authors are mostly folk singers, but there are also some nobles.

Have different views on you. One view is that it refers to the music directly ruled by the Zhou Dynasty, and "elegance" means "righteousness". This kind of music is regarded as "positive tone", which is intended to show the difference from music in other places. It is also said that "Ya" and "Xia" are interlinked, and Xia is the name of the region directly ruled by the Zhou Dynasty. There is also a view that "elegance" refers to elegant music that everyone can understand. Ya *** 105, divided into Ya 3 1 and 74 articles. Elegant is mostly the works of court officials and doctors, and a few are folk songs. Its content is almost all about politics, some praise good people and good politics, and some satirize bad politics. There are only a few poems expressing personal feelings. But there are no love poems.

Ode is a musical work in which nobles worship ghosts and gods in temples and praise the merits of rulers. You should play with the dance. It is divided into Zhou Song, Truffles and Ode to Shang, with 40 articles in total. Among them, Song of Zhou (3 1 piece) is considered to be a work of the Western Zhou Dynasty, mostly written before King Zhao of Zhou. 4 pieces of Truffles, probably works by Lu Xigong; Shang Fu is considered to be the work of Song State before the Spring and Autumn Period.

Fu, Bi and Xing

"Fu, Bi and Xing" are the expression methods of poetry. Fu is a thing, describing the process of one thing. "Bi" is a metaphor, using one thing as a metaphor for another. "Xing" is the association from one thing to another.

Preface to Shi Mao

In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, there were four schools that taught the Book of Songs. One is the Lu applicant, the other is the Qi strong and solid, and the other is the Yan Han Ying. But these three works, except the biography of Han poetry, no longer exist. The other is Shi Mao. That is, Mao Heng with heavy hair and Fang Zhouzi with little hair. Every existing Mao poem has a solution called "preface". Most of its authors cannot be censored. At present, it is generally believed that most explanatory texts are not credible except a few. But the order of Mao has a great influence on later generations. The ancients used explanations in their poems and articles.

Evaluation and impact

The Book of Songs has a profound influence on China's literary history, politics, language and even thoughts.

Confucius spoke highly of The Book of Songs. Regarding the ideological content of The Book of Songs, he said, "There are 300 poems, in a word, thinking innocently". As far as its characteristics are concerned, it is "gentle and honest, and teaches poetry" (that is, it is considered that the Book of Songs has the function of clarifying the soul after reading, and it is the best policy as an educational tool). Confucius even said, "If you don't learn poetry, you have nothing to say", which shows the profound influence of The Book of Songs on China's ancient literature. Confucius believes that studying The Book of Songs can cultivate association, improve observation, learn satirical methods, and serve parents and monarchs with truth, so as to achieve the goal of managing the family, governing the country and leveling the world.

In ancient times, The Book of Songs also played a political role. In the diplomacy between countries in the Spring and Autumn Period, people often used the method of singing or playing poems to express something they didn't want to say or couldn't say, similar to the current diplomatic rhetoric.

The Book of Songs created China's literature for thousands of years, and also created China's realistic literary works for many years.

Nowadays, the study of The Book of Songs is more used to investigate the differences between ancient and modern phonology, or to study ancient history. There are countless works about the Book of Songs in ancient and modern times.