How do astronauts live in space?

When astronauts eat and drink, they should suck with their mouths and squeeze with their hands like babies.

Space washing is more interesting. Instead of using toothbrush and toothpaste, chew a kind of chewing gum similar to chewing gum, so that the dirt on the teeth will be on the gums, thus achieving the purpose of cleaning the teeth. You don't need water and towels to wash your face, just wipe your face with soaked toilet paper and stick this wet tissue on a comb to comb your hair, even if you wash your hair.

Bathrooms in space are also vacuum. To go to the toilet, you must sit on the designed toilet. How can people sit still when they are floating in mid-air? First put your foot into the fixed foot cover, fasten your waist with a seat belt, and hold the handle with both hands.

If it is shit, don't flush it with water. Use a special air pump to suck the shit into the plastic box. Every time it is solved, a box will be replaced, and these plastic boxes containing feces will be bounced into space. If you urinate, you also use an air pump to suck it into a cup with a special shape and pour it into the sewage pool under the floor through a rubber tube.

It is with these special devices that astronauts can live in space.

How do astronauts work and live in space? The chief designer gives the details.

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Source: Xinhuanet.

Xinhuanet Beijing1June 15 (Reporter Cao Zhi, Bai) According to the scheduled procedure, the rocket lifted the spacecraft for 583 seconds, and the ship and arrow separated. The separation of ship and arrow marks that the spacecraft has entered the near-earth orbit in outer space, and the astronauts have started their work and life in-orbit flight. Su Shuangning, the chief commander and chief designer of China's manned spaceflight project astronaut system, introduced how astronauts will work and live in space in an interview with Xinhua News Agency.

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Su Shuangning, 52 years old, has served as deputy chief designer and chief designer of the unmanned spacecraft anthropomorphic load and medical evaluation subsystem of the astronaut system of China manned spaceflight project, the overall chief designer of the astronaut system and the deputy chief designer of the astronaut system. He is very familiar with the selection and training of astronauts, medical supervision and medical security.

Sealed cabin environment: similar to the ground.

Su Shuangning said that the "Shenzhou" spacecraft consists of a propulsion module, an orbital module and a return module. The orbital module and the return module are sealed modules, which are the space for astronauts to work and live. Astronauts work, eat and sleep in the orbital module. The spacecraft environmental control and life support system creates a living environment close to the ground atmosphere for astronauts in the sealed cabin. Astronauts consume oxygen, expel carbon dioxide and produce heat and humidity when working and living in the cabin. The environmental control life support system controls the atmospheric environmental indicators related to astronauts' survival in the sealed cabin, such as total atmospheric pressure, partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, temperature and humidity, at the same level as the ground through the equipment of subsystems such as air supply and pressure regulation, ventilation purification, temperature and humidity control and measurement control.

Spacecraft management: mainly operated by the ground.

Su Shuangning introduced that the spacecraft is mainly controlled automatically by pre-designed programs during its in-orbit operation, while astronauts only assist in monitoring, managing and operating the spacecraft during its in-orbit operation. In order to accomplish these tasks, he should observe and record the running state of the spacecraft. Of course, the running state of the spacecraft is also controlled by ground telemetry, and astronauts rely on the ground to obtain information in the spacecraft. For example, when the spacecraft flies, the solar panels should face the sun and the attitude of the spacecraft should face the ground. The instruments in the return capsule will provide astronauts with a lot of information in this regard. According to the flight time, astronauts should report to the ground whether the working state and flight attitude control of the equipment in the spacecraft are normal, so as to monitor and manage the spacecraft.

Su Shuangning said that in addition to managing the aircraft, the astronauts' own physical condition, diet, sleep and urine should be reported to the ground. If the automatic control function of the spacecraft fails, the astronauts should replace the automatic control system for manual control. For example, the spacecraft has an elliptical orbit when it first enters orbit, and it needs to change orbit after several flights. The attitude control system of the spacecraft will change its orbit under the remote control of the ground. If there is a fault in the process of orbit change, it is up to the astronauts to control it manually.

Space meals: Three meals a day are delicious.

Su Shuangning told reporters that the astronauts' three meals a day recipes are formulated by nutritionists and will not be repeated for three days in the morning, noon and evening. Food is all kinds of canned food and rehydrated food. Rice and fruits are stored in vacuum dehydration state, and can be rehydrated before eating or heated by heating equipment. Astronauts' food design requirements mainly include less residue, high heat energy and easy digestion. Considering the eating habits of China people, the spacecraft also prepared foods suitable for China people, such as eight-treasure rice and shredded pork with fish flavor.

Sleep twice: three to four hours each time.

Su Shuangning said that a residue collector similar to a vacuum cleaner was also installed on the spacecraft. For the treatment of excreta, the spacecraft adopted a special collection and treatment device for effective treatment. There are no beds, quilts and pillows on the spaceship, only a sleeping bag. Astronauts can hang their sleeping bags on the bulkhead, just zip them up and get into the sleeping bags to sleep. Sleep is usually arranged for three or four hours at a time when astronauts do not need to report and cooperate with the ground flight control center. During this flight, the astronauts were arranged to sleep twice.

Su Shuangning said that during the astronaut's orbit, he was also arranged to write a flight log, talk to the ground and talk to the doctor. If there is time, astronauts can also take photos and videos in space.