There must be deep pools under the rapids and deep valleys under the mountains. What is philosophy?

"Under the torrent, there must be a deep pool, and under the mountain, there must be a deep valley" is written by Liu Ji —— Liu Bowen's Sima Yi on divination. Liu Ji-Liu Bowen, the author of this paper, imitates the writing style of Qu Yuan's Supplement to Songs of the South, adopts the form of dialogue, and uses the rhetorical devices of comparing the past and the present to express the author's own views on personnel, heaven, ghosts and gods, and expounds that extremes must be reversed (that is, everything must be done in the opposite direction). The whole article embodies the philosophical thought of "one yin and one yang means Tao" and "no nobility or inferiority" in the Book of Changes.

Attached is the original text, notes and translation of Sima Yi's "Comment on Divination".

original text

Dongling Hou (1) was abandoned, but Sima Yi's master (2) was neglected.

The owner of the season said, "What are you talking about?" Hou of Dongling said, "Those who lie down for a long time think about it, those who sting for a long time think about it, and those who wake up for a long time think about it. I heard it:' if you store the poles, you will release them, and if you do, you will reach them. If you are hot, you will wind up, and if you do, you will pass them. One winter and one spring, indomitable; Together, we will never go back. "Suspicious servants are willing to be taught."

The master of the season said, "In that case, you will understand. Why do you need divination?" ? Tang Lin said: "I failed to understand the subtle depth. I hope Mr. Wang can point it out." . ". "

The owner of the season said, "Alas! Who are the relatives in heaven? Only relatives of virtue; What is ghost spirit? Because of the human spirit. Husband 4, hay also; Turtle, bone also: things also. The human spirit is in things, why not listen to things instead of yourself? Why don't you think about the past? Where there is a past, there is today. Therefore, the tile was destroyed, and the former Song building and ballroom were also destroyed; Wild hazel stems are broken, and the former Qiong Yushu is also; Dew 5 wind cicada, the original Shengfeng dragon flute; Ghost firefly, the golden urn of the past; Autumn tea in spring is like the white hump in the past; Feng Dan Bai Di, former Jin Shu Wan Qi ⑥ also. There was nothing in the past, and today is no exaggeration; Everything in the past is not lacking today. Therefore, one day and one night, those who bloom thank; In autumn and spring, old things are new. Under the turbulent flow, there must be deep pools; Under the high mountains, there must be deep valleys. You know that. Why do you think so? "

(selected from "Four Series" and "Sincere Collection")

To annotate ...

① Hou of Dongling: a civilian of Hou Hanchu of Qin Dongling, who made a living by planting melons in the east of Chang 'an. According to legend, the melon he planted is very sweet, commonly known as Dongling melon.

Master Sima Ji: a doctor of Chu at the end of the Warring States Period, who sold divination and divination in Chang 'an in the early Han Dynasty.

Hou Jun: In ancient times, princes were called Hou Jun, and later they were called honorable people.

④ Dioscorea zingiberensis (sh~): a perennial herb with white flowers.

⑤ Qing: drinking dew in cricket is the same as "stinging".

⑥ Wan Qi, Jin Shu (w 1n): Jin Shu, Shu Jin; Fine silk made in Wan Qi and Shandong.

translate

After Dongling Hou was abolished, he went to Sima Ji for divination.

The owner of the season said, "What do you want to read?" Dongling Hou said: "I remember I wanted to go out after lying down for a long time, I wanted to go out after living alone with the door closed for a long time, and I wanted to sneeze after my chest was stuffy for a long time." I heard that if you accumulate too much, you will vent, if you are extremely bored, you will open up, if you are too bored, you will be exposed to the wind, and if you are too blocked, you will cycle. Every winter has a spring, and nothing can only bend but not stretch; One of them has a volt, and there is nothing that can't come. I have my doubts in private, and I hope to get your advice. "the owner of the season said," in that case, you have understood, so why do you still need divination? Hou Dongling said: "I didn't deeply understand the mystery. I hope Mr Wang Can can give me some advice. "

Boss Ji went on to say, "Alas! Who does heaven kiss? Only kiss people with high moral character. How do ghosts and gods work? Only by gaining people's trust can they become smart. Yarrow is nothing but hay, and tortoise shell is nothing but bones. It's all things. People are smarter than things, so why not listen to themselves, but to things? Besides, why don't you think about the past? Where there is the past, there is today. Therefore, the broken tiles and broken walls are all old dance halls; Now the bare thorns and broken stems are the past Qionghua Yushu; Crickets and cicadas wail in the wind and dew, and now they are old and prosperous dragon flutes; Today's jack-o'-lantern fluorescence is the golden lamp and candle of the past; Now bitter vegetables in autumn and shepherd's purse in spring are the fat humps of the past; Now red maple leaves and white grass are made of beautiful brocade and fine silk produced in Sichuan in the past. It is not too much to have what you didn't have in the past now; The past is over now, and it is not enough. So from day to night, the blooming flowers wither; From autumn to spring, withered plants sprout new buds. Under the torrent, there must be a deep pool; There must be deep valleys under high mountains. You already know all these things. Why do you need divination? "