The Original Text and Translation of Biography of the Party and the State

1, the biography of Dang Gu: Confucius said: "Sex is similar, but learning is far away." It is the same to say that you are addicted to evil, but the transfer is different. If the husband is intentional, he won't do anything, just take something and flow. It is based on sages to guide people's rationality, reduce their mistakes, be cautious about what they do, and generalize. Although the perception is different, the quality of the text is different. As for pottery, it is also a way. Uncle's last words are wrong, and Wang Daoling is lacking, but he still pretends to be benevolent and help others. Be reasonable, Liang Zhongqiang; If a word goes against the facts, then the burial platform will be solved. The legacy of the former philosopher is enough.

2. The story of partisan strife: Bade is declining, but derailment is budding. The strong will win, and the weak will dominate the market. If you have one and a half plans, you will get one million dollars. Let's talk about it Or get up and be an official on foot. The ornament of a scholar is clever in arguing, so that those who can catch profits can follow the scene by surprise. Naturally, love is competitive with each other, and it changes with the times. The wind can't stay, and its embarrassment can't be reversed.

3. Biography of the Party's obsession: When Han Zu wielded his sword, he was in a prosperous time, and his constitutional order was lenient, and he was polite and affectionate. People are pregnant with the heart of grave robbery, some are light and some are heavy, and they hold a grudge against the benefits, so that they go to private courts and the power is transferred to ordinary horses. Ren Xia's side has become vulgar. Since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Confucianism has been advocated and Confucian classics have been coordinated, and the theory of dividing the stone canal has emerged, and the theory of the party contending for differences and keeping the people of the text has become a common practice. To follwed, finally usurped the country, loyal to the monarch ashamed to see the tassel. So, this is a glorious ravine, and he is willing to die. Although ZTE is going and Hande is reopening, the holiday is more important than time. When Huan Ling was at leisure, he was in charge of famine relief and was appointed to Yan Temple by the state. Scholars are ashamed to associate. Therefore, ordinary people resist anger, and Chu Shi discusses it horizontally. Therefore, he stimulated his reputation, exchanged questions with each other, praised his officials, ruled as appropriate, and acted honestly.

4, the party biography: the husband is good, it is very bad, and it is right to correct it. If Fan Pang and James Zhang's followers abstain from evil, they will eventually fall into inner-party discussions. Why not?

5. The Party's obsession biography: At the beginning, Emperor Huan was the Red Wuhou, and he was taught in the Zhoufu of Ganling, the emperor, and Fu was the Shangshu. At that time, Yin Fangzhi of Henan was famous in the same county, and everyone in the village said, "Fang is the best man in the world, because his teacher won the seal of Zhou." The guests of the two families teased each other and became friends and apprentices, which gradually became a special gap. So there was the discussion between Ganling North and South and party member, and it started from now on. Later, the Governor of Runan was appointed as Cao Fan Pang, and the Governor of Nanyang was also appointed as Cao Cenchang. The second county also said, "Runan is too defensive, and Nanyang's father draws promises. Nanyang satrap Cen Gongxiao, Hongnong became a file but sat whistling. " As a result, rumors spread to imperial academy, with more than 30,000 students, among whom Guo and Jia were crowned, and they were also called Chen Fan and Wang Chang. The Chinese learner said, "Li Yuanli is a model in the world, and he is not afraid of resisting Chen Zhongju and Wang Shumao, and he is a handsome man in the world. "Wei Qiqing, a noble family in Bohai, helped the wind, alarmist, and did not hide strongmen. Start from below, don't be afraid of its slander, and walk to the door.

6. Biography of the Party's Obsession: At that time, Zhang Chengshan in Hanoi said that the wind blows, forgives, and teaches children to kill. Yin of Henan urged him to arrest him, but he was relieved of his post every time. The angrier he is, the more he kills him. At the beginning, he and Ji Fang became traffic eunuchs together, and the emperor attached great importance to it. As a disciple, Prison Corrections are full of contradictions, because they support imperial academy tourists because of a false accusation in a letter and make friends with students from various counties. * * * is party member, who despises the imperial court and doubts customs. So the son of heaven was furious, dismissed counties and counties, arrested party member, published the world, angered his colleagues, and took the leave. More than 200 people who participated in his speech and Chen Mao's followers either escaped or failed to get it, and all of them hung on gold to buy and raise money. The messengers came out from all directions and looked at each other on the road. Next year, Shang Huoqiao and Dou Wu, a captain of the city gate, will be invited to pardon the emperor's return to the field and be imprisoned for life. And the name of the party, the book of the palace.

7. Party myth: self-righteous, abandoning evil and promoting good, the country's wind, so it is named after the world's celebrities. They are called "Three Kings", followed by "Eight Handsome", "Eight Caring", "Eight Touching" and "Eight Chefs", which were also called "Eight Yuan" and "Eight Opening" in ancient times. Dou Wu, Liu Shu and Fan Chen are the "three kings". Monarch, speak for yourself and live in the world. Mars, Xun Yu, Du Mi, Wang Chang, Liu You, Lang Wei, Zhao Dian and Zhu Yu are the "eight handsome guys". Handsome people speak English. Guo, Zong Ci, Basu, Xia Fu,,, Cai Yan and Yang Yi are the "Eight Masters". Care, words can attract virtuous people. James Zhang, Cen Can, Liu Biao, Sean, Kong Yu, Yuan Kang, Tan Fu and Chao Zhai are the "Eight Summers". And so do those who say they can guide people to pursue sects. Duchamp, Zhang Miao, Wang Kao, Liu Ru, Hu Muban, Qin Zhou, Fan Xiang and Zhang Wang are the "eight famous chefs". Chefs can save lives with money.

8. Party legend: Zhu He, also a human being, accepted the instructions of Hou Lan, wrote a letter and signed it with 24 people in his hometown, saying that * * * was a party and would endanger the country. Take Jianhe, Chu Feng,,, Feng and Xu Gan as the "Eight Handsome", Tian Lin,, Liu Biao, Yu Xue, Wang Fang, Liu Zuo, Xuan Jing and Gong Xugong as the "Eight Handsome", and Zhu Kai, Tian Pan, Shu Dan, Xue Dun and Song Bu as the "Eight Handsome". Lingdi pays attention to thrift in books and periodicals. Therefore, Cao Jie satirized hundreds of people, including Si, Tai Mi, Changle Shaofu, a captain, Yingchuan, Basu, Peixiang Xun Yu, Hanoi, Lang Wei, Yang Shan, Chao Zhai, Ren Cheng, Liu Ru, Qiu Wei and Fan Pang, all of whom died in prison. I can't wait, or I can be saved if I am desperate. From then on, all the people who complained about the gap framed each other, resented each other and joined the party in disorder. States and counties accepted orders, or never established diplomatic relations, but they also stayed away from disasters. Six or seven hundred people died and abolished the ban.

9. Perseverance of the parties: In the fifth year of Xiping, Yongchang satrap Cao Luan wrote a letter to the parties, and his words were very incisive. Emperor Sheng was furious, that is, he ordered Li and Yizhou to collect Luan and send it to prison to kill him. Therefore, Zhou County was asked to examine the close partisans of the Party and the father and son brothers of the students, and the incumbents were exempted from official imprisonment and belonged to five families.

Confucius said: "Human nature is similar, and people are different, so they gradually become different." It is said that people's likes and dislikes are the same, but they change in different ways. Restrain your thoughts and actions, you will not be addicted, and your ambition to indulge in playthings will be gone. Therefore, saints guide people to cultivate their temperament, control and restrain people's indulgence, carefully choose the people they make and control their preferences. Although human feelings and things are different, the content composition is also different, but when it comes to cultivating temperament and rectifying customs, the reason is the same. At the end of the spring and autumn period, the world was frivolous and deceitful, and benevolence and morality declined, but they also expanded their power in the name of benevolence and righteousness and established their own political achievements under the banner of loyalty and righteousness. If the behavior conforms to justice, the powerful opponent will be guilty and short of breath; Even a humble servant can tell the truth when he says something wrong. Perhaps it is the style left by predecessors' sages, which can be imitated. During the Warring States period, benevolence and righteousness declined, and treachery and fallacy prevailed. The strong win by force, and the weak are bullied because they are not treacherous enough. Some people will even get millions of dollars for planning half a plan, and they will be rewarded with jewels when they come up with an idea. Some officials came on foot and seized power. They took off their straw clothes and were promoted to Qing Xiang. Scholars try their best to sophistry, because the fundamental point is to gain personal gain, so everyone has no agreement but follows like a shadow following an object. Since then, people's hobbies have advocated mutual substitution. With the changes of the times, that kind of atmosphere can't be preserved and that kind of ills can't be recovered.

By the time Emperor Gaozu pacified the world by force, a large number of brave men appeared, with loose national laws and regulations and simple and loose etiquette regulations. Everyone inherited the legacy of the Four Gentlemen of the Warring States Period. Everyone has the idea of transcending the monarch, despising life and death and valuing loyalty. Revenge and kindness will surely return. Laws and regulations were formulated and implemented in individuals' homes, power fell into the hands of humble civilians, and heroic deeds formed the atmosphere at that time. Since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, people who advocate Confucianism and carry classics with them can be found everywhere, resulting in disputes and debates in Shiqu Pavilion, local attacks between schools, and people who dance with literature and ink. Through Wang Mang's deliberate disguise, he finally usurped the political power. Loyal people are ashamed of being sealed as officials, so they are proud of traveling in seclusion and rich in poverty. Even though the national movement was destined to revive and Liu Han was in power again, people still maintained a clean and honest life, admired each other, learned more, and refused to be an official. During the reign of Emperor Huan and Emperor Ling, the monarch indulged in social and political chaos and left state affairs to eunuchs and eunuchs. Honest people regard working with eunuchs as a great shame, so ordinary people are angry and disobey their orders, and hermits criticize state affairs. As a result, their reputation spread everywhere, flaunting each other's comments, judging officials and commenting on officials, and praising and criticizing the court at will, and it became popular from then on.

Things that people in the upper position like will be too popular below, and correcting bends must be a little more than straightening. The truth of the matter is this. People like Fan Pang and James Zhang, who are abstinent and detest evil, are finally regarded as disorderly parties. Right?

When Emperor Huan was a Hou, he studied with Zhou Fu, a native of Ganling, and when he ascended the throne, he promoted Zhou Fu to be a minister. At this time, where was his fellow countryman? At that time, the court was very prestigious. He made up a ballad for them in Ganling, saying, "The model of the world is the square, and Zhou is the teacher and the official." The guests of the two families taunted each other and attacked each other, so they formed their own cronies and gradually became contradictory. Since then, there have been two schools in Ganling, from which party member Theory originated. Later, the Governor of Runan appointed Gong Cao, and the Governor of Nanyang also handed over the power to Gong Cao Cenlian. The people of the two counties also compiled a ballad for them, saying, "The satrap of Runan is a model, and the founder of Nanyang just draws a circle. The magistrate of Nanyang is Cen Gongxiao, and the people of Hongnong just sit there and shout. " As these ballads were introduced into imperial academy, more than 30,000 Confucian scholars, led by Guo and Jia, exchanged praises with Chen Fan and Wang Chang. Imperial College said that they said, "The model in the world is Li Yuanli, Chen Zhongju is not afraid of rape, and Wang Shumao is the best in the world." In addition, Wei Qiqing, an advanced person in Bohai, who helps the wind, dares to speak out and does not avoid strongmen. No one is not afraid of their criticism and is eager to make friends with them.

At that time, Zhang Cheng, a native of Hanoi, was good at feng shui fortune telling. He predicted that there would be an amnesty in the world to let his son kill people. Mars served as He Nanyin and urged him to be arrested and brought to justice. Soon, he was pardoned, and Mars became more angry and resentful. Finally, he was tried and killed. When Rizo used divination to make friends with eunuchs, the emperor often asked him about divination. Zhang Cheng's student supervisor later wrote a letter falsely accusing Mars and others of letting imperial academy Confucian scholars wander around, making friends with students from various counties, and forming a private party together, slandering and attacking the court, disturbing and corrupting customs. So the son of heaven was furious, issued imperial edicts to various counties and countries, arrested private party members, published the world, and let everyone condemn it together, so he arrested Mars and others. Their confessions implicate more than 200 people, including Chen Ya. Some of them escaped without being caught, and they all offered a reward for their arrest. Messengers run and meet on the road. In the second year, Shang Huoqiao and Dou Wu, a captain of the city gate, went to the table to intercede for them. When the emperor's anger subsided a little, they were all pardoned and returned to the village, and they were not allowed to be officials for life. The name of private party member is still recorded in the palace.

Since then, honest people have been exiled, evil villains have prevailed, and the world has respected the ethos, so they advertised each other, put forward world celebrities and gave them special titles. The first class is called "three kings", the second class is called "eight kings", the third class is called "eight aunts", the third class is called "eight ladies" and the third class is called "eight kitchens", just like the ancient "eight yuan" and "eight opening". Dou Wu, Liu Shu and Chen Fan are "three kings". By monarch, I mean they have been respected all their lives. , Xun Yu, Wang Chang, Lu You,,, Zhu? They are the "eight handsome guys", and the so-called handsome guys mean that they are the elite of mankind. Guo, Zong Ci, Basu, Xia Fu,,, Cai Yan and Yang Yi are "eight cares". The so-called concern is that they can guide people with moral behavior. James Zhang, Cen Can, Liu Biao, Sean, Kong Yu, Yuan Kang, Tan Fu and Chao Zhai are "eight harmonies". The so-called harmony is to guide people to follow respected sages. Duchamp, Zhang Miao, Wang Kao, Liu Ru, Hu Muban, Qin Zhou, Fan Xiang and Zhang Wang are the "eight famous chefs". The so-called chef means that he can save a life with his own property.

In addition, fellow villagers, adhering to Zhong Changlan's last wish, wrote to report that they had mutual names with 24 fellow villagers, formed a party for personal gain, and plotted to harm the country. Together with Tan Bin, Chu Feng, Zhang Su, Lan Xue, Feng Xi, Wei Xuan and Xu Gan, Tian Lin, Zhang Yin, Liu Biao, Yu Xue, Wang Fang, Liu Zuo, Xuan Jing and Gong Xugong are called "Eight Concern", and together with Zhu Kai, Tian Pan, Yi Dan and Xue Dun are called "Eight Concern". After the imperial edict of the spirit emperor deleted the names in the book, people were arrested according to the list. Da Changqiu Cao Jie took this opportunity to hint that the competent officials demanded the arrest of the former private party party member, such as the former Taifu, the Shaofu of Changle Palace and a captain Zhu? , Yingchuan satrap Basu, Pei Guoxiang, Xun Yi, Hanoi satrap, satrap, Ren, Pang, etc. 100 people all died in prison. Some of the remaining people died early and missed it, while others took refuge and fled. Since then, people with personal grievances have taken the opportunity to frame each other, and all the small grievances that have been glared at have entered the private party case. In addition, states and counties are adhering to the will of their superiors, and some people who have no blood relationship at all have also suffered this scourge. Six or seven hundred people were executed, exiled and imprisoned.

In the fifth year of Xiping, Cao Luan, the satrap of Yongchang, wrote a letter to defend party member, and his words were very straightforward and sincere. When the emperor saw this paper, he was very angry. He immediately ordered Li Si and Yizhou to arrest Cao Luan with a prison car and send him to Li Huai prison to torture him to death. So he ordered the prefectures and counties to re-examine the father, son and brother of the party's student subordinates, and all the officials were removed from office and imprisoned, including their five-clothing relatives.