Oracle Bone Inscriptions books.

Luo Zhenyu 19 14 edited Textual Research on Yin Qi, 19 16 edited The Questions of Yin Qi, and Wang Xiang 1920 edited Mountain Stone (Tianjin Museum). Shang Chengzuo 1923 (decided not to announce his own version), 1927, 197 1 China Taibei Literature and Art Publishing House, Takata Tazhong Zhou 1925. , Gong 1939 "A Survey of Oracle Place Names" (cheeloo university China Institute), Jin Xiangheng 1959 "Continued Oracle Bone Inscriptions Compilation" (Taipei Literature and Art Publishing House, China), Oracle Bone Inscriptions Compilation 1965 compiled by the Institute of Archaeology of China Academy of Sciences, revised edition (Zhonghua Book Company), 6544. Li Xiaoding 1965 Notes by Oracle Bone Inscriptions (Institute of History and Linguistics, Academia Sinica), Bunnan, Japan 1967 Yin Ruins Oracle Bone Inscriptions Comprehensive (Ji Gu Academy) 197 1), Hideki Nagata, Japan 1968, Kyoto University. Ito Akai 1974 Dictionary of Calligraphy (Tokyo Pavilion) and 1976 Dictionary of Calligraphy (Tokyo Pavilion), Kobayashi 1977 Compilation of Ancient Chinese Characters (Muershe), Gaoming 1980 Compilation of Ancient Chinese Characters (Tokyo Pavilion). Xu Zhongshu 198 1 year compiled a list of ancient Chinese characters (Sichuan People's Publishing House), 1989 compiled an Oracle Dictionary (Sichuan Dictionary Publishing House), 1985 compiled Japanese Kobayashi Shoushi, and "Exhibition of Oracle Characters" (Muer Society 988 Five-body Dictionary (Mushroom Society Kenichi Takayama (1985), A General Introduction to Yin Ruins (Institute of History and Language, Academia Sinica), Meng Shikai (1987), Oracle Bone Inscriptions Small Dictionary (Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House), Zhao Cheng (1987). Yao Xiaosui, editor-in-chief 1988 Complete Oracle Inscriptions in Yin Ruins (Zhonghua Book Company) and 1989 Oracle Inscriptions in Yin Ruins (Zhonghua Book Company), Zong Yirao 1989 ~ 1999 Oracle Inscriptions Overview (First Official First King) An Overview of the Interpretation of Oracle Characters (published by Tokyo University) 1993, Japanese Shuijing Fu 1995 Oracle Dictionary (Xiongshan Pavilion), Yu 1996 Oracle Bone Inscriptions Yilin (Oracle Bone Inscriptions by Zhonghua Book Company is the earliest in China. On the other hand, the horizontal dense structure of ancient Chinese characters has really begun to take shape in calligraphy, such as the use of pens, structure and composition, which breeds the beauty of calligraphy art and is worth appreciating and tasting. As far as Oracle bone inscriptions are concerned, Guo Moruo expressed great appreciation for his calligraphy in the preface to the Nazi Encyclopedia of Yin Qi published in 1937: "Oracle Bone Inscriptions is engraved on Oracle bones, and its exquisite inscriptions and beautiful words have fascinated our descendants for thousands of years. The style of writing varies from person to person and from world to world. Generally speaking, Wu Ding's world is full of bold words, Di Yi's world is beautiful, and Wen Xian is beautiful. The density of lines, the structure of words, the care of circles, and the order ... It is enough to know that the existing contract is a proxy book, and the contract book is Yin Zhong Wang. "

Zhong Wang and Yan Liu refer to the four ancient calligraphers. Zhong Wang Yan Liu of Yin Dynasty was a historian and diviner of Oracle inscriptions. It is they who left a wealth of historical materials and precious ancient calligraphy works for future generations. If we take a cursory look at Oracle Bone Inscriptions's calligraphy forms, we will find that the early fonts are very large, such as many Oracle Bone Inscriptions in the Wuding period included in Luo Zhenyu's Book of Yin Ruins Qi Jing Dialect, which are very atmospheric and eye-catching; By the time of Di Yi and Di Xin in the last years of Shang Dynasty, the characters became small and trivial. As for Oracle Bone Inscriptions in the Western Zhou Dynasty, it is even more subtle.

Oracle Bone Inscriptions's style types: first, vigorous, second, beautiful and light, third, neat and regular, fourth, elegant and exquisite, fifth, plump and Gu Zhuo. In short, although Oracle Bone Inscriptions is a carved character, his brushwork is meaningful, his style is mixed, or his skeleton is open, which makes people feel relaxed and happy. Or fine silk Xiu Xiu, in the form of hairpin flowers, between the lines, there are many exquisite calligraphy.

The so-called "oracle calligraphy" generally has two meanings.

First, it refers to the calligraphy works neatly imitated according to the font structure and calligraphy characteristics of Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. This kind of works can collect ancient Chinese characters and combine them into new sentences as needed. Although the content is new, the writing is as rich and elegant as that written by Yin people three thousand years ago. However, there are only more than 2,000 words in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, among which many rare words (especially names and places) have not been released, and few of them are really useful. Therefore, once you encounter a word that is not in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, and it can't be replaced in the written couplets and inscriptions, you have to split it with radicals and splice it yourself; If you can't spell it again, you will have to turn to other ancient Chinese characters such as inscriptions on bronze. The leading figure in this creation is Luo Zhenyu. 192 1 year, after research, he wrote Oracle Bone Inscriptions as a couplet with a brush, and published The Ruins of Yin Ji. Then Zhang Yu, Gao Dexin, Wang Jilie and others also imitated Ji Zi's creation. Some predecessors of ancient philology, such as Dong Zuobin, Shang Chengzuo, Yu, are also good at oracle calligraphy, which is oracle calligraphy's works in the true sense.

On the other hand, it refers to the modern calligraphy works that I created by drawing lessons from the characteristics of Oracle Bone Inscriptions. They regard Oracle Bone Inscriptions as an inspiration, just a little inspiration in artistic creation, not pursuing "similarity". Therefore, they don't write strictly according to the characteristics of oracle calligraphy, but may combine the characteristics of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronze inscriptions and Warring States scripts to create. Although this kind of calligraphy art is related to ancient philology, it is not the same.

Some scholars believe that Oracle Bone Inscriptions's calligraphy style "played a decisive role" in the combination of Oracle Bone Inscriptions's dating and fragments. The form of calligraphy depends on the skill and technique of the writer. Its popularity is advocated by habit and has timeliness. Using calligraphy to measure the cultural and artistic fashion of a certain period can be seen in general. And pointed out that:

Wu Ding's calligraphy is magnificent, magnificent. Even small and medium-sized fonts are neat and beautiful, but regardless of large, medium and small fonts, they all show the proficiency and profound attainments in calligraphy during this period; During his ancestral home in Zu Geng, he made great efforts in neatness, which was quite humorous compared with later calligraphers. In the new Kangding era, some of them followed the neat style of Zu Geng's ancestral home, but most of them gradually declined and tended to be sloppy; Chinese characters in Wuyi period are rough and rough in Gu Zhuo, with a violent atmosphere; There are many kinds of works in Wending Wuding, and there are many scenes in calligraphy where a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend. Some bones are open and interesting, while others are small and beautiful.

It can be seen that Oracle Bone Inscriptions's calligraphy art is recognized by scholars.

In addition, Oracle Bone Inscriptions has its own characteristics. Generally, it is carved directly with a knife, some are filled with cinnabar after carving, and some are written directly with cinnabar without a knife. Therefore, Oracle Bone Inscriptions's knife technique embodies his brushwork. Judging from the sharp and vigorous lines, the knife method is also very skilled. The lines start and end properly, and the turns are appropriate. They are thick and thin, long and short, indicating that there are single knives and double knives. The glyph structure is generally slender, with differences in size, length and Fiona Fang; The arrangement of all kinds of long and short lines is dense and orderly, and the combination of all kinds of horizontal and vertical oblique straight lines is just right, which not only maintains the balanced symmetry of the structure, but also shows rich and varied brushwork. At the same time, Oracle Bone Inscriptions also has rules for the formation of Chinese characters, such as pictographic characters, fingering, knowing characters, borrowing characters, transliteration characters, pictophonetic characters, etc. This is both a mature writing and a high-level calligraphy art..

Oracle Bone Inscriptions has a complete content and form. Generally, it includes narration (the date and name used for divination), life words (used for the things asked), professional words (used for the Shang king to personally see the omen and ask for good or ill luck), and verification words (used for recording the divination results), so it is also called Oracle Bone Inscriptions as Oracle Bone Inscriptions. The arrangement of inscriptions is also very regular, either from top to bottom or from bottom to top; Or from right to left, or from left to right, but generally it is horizontal first and then vertical. A piece of Oracle Bone Inscriptions ranges from numbers to hundreds of words. Its composition is unpretentious, patchwork, natural, endless and mysterious. No matter from which aspect, it embodies the superb artistic skills and ingenuity of Zhen people in Yin Dynasty, and is worthy of being the earliest calligraphy art in China.

Since 1980s, with the rise of calligraphy craze, oracle calligraphy has attracted the attention of calligraphers. However, because oracle calligraphy's creation is only a hundred years old, there is no mature learning and creation method for reference. How to study this ancient calligraphy style has become an urgent task for oracle calligraphy creators today. Mr. Sha Manweng thinks: "Write Oracle Bone Inscriptions with a light pen, move the pen flexibly, and learn the brush with rice." . In order to make good use of the center and side, it is necessary to write the charm and knife feeling of the brush. "Is an extremely incisive insight. Although Oracle Bone Inscriptions was carved with woodcuts, traces of writing still exist. Therefore, when we study Oracle Bone Inscriptions, we should not only reflect the feeling of engraving, but also reflect the taste of writing. The pen is slightly reversed into the paper, the pen center runs, and the pen is flat. When writing, avoid the frustration of regular script, and use a pen to be concise, straightforward and smooth. In particular, it is necessary to realize a fast way to transport the pen immediately, so as to be in a hurry and slow down. Although Oracle Bone Inscriptions is mainly a center, he occasionally needs a winger to add rhyme. Generally, the turning point of Oracle Bone Inscriptions should be revived from the dead, and it should not be brushed aside to form a round turn, thus losing the characteristics of Oracle Bone Inscriptions.

Finally, it should be pointed out that if you are studying Oracle Bone Inscriptions, you should not only master the brushwork above, but also read more Oracle Bone Inscriptions rubbings and savor its lines, characters and ancient flavor. At the same time, it is helpful to study Oracle Bone Inscriptions by insisting on writing Xiao Zhuan and epigraphy and reading more works on philology.