What is the combination of divinity and humanity in China ancient Tang sculpture?

Simply put, it is the combination of reality and ideal or the combination of realism and imagination.

Sculpture in Tang Dynasty is a cultural heritage with a long history and profound connotation, including Dazu stone carving art, Xi 'an Bodhisattva statue, Longmen Grottoes, Zhaoling Six Horses, Shuilu 'an and other exquisite representative sculptures.

Is China's religion actually a traditional philosophical system after China's entry into WTO? Confucianism infiltrated Zen. The essence of Confucianism is practical reason. Everything starts from me, starting from the side. In ordinary natural life, you don't need to enter the "paradise" like western Buddhist thought to reach the "other shore". As a result of the formation of China's thoughts on the world, the religious fanaticism of the whole nation did not form. Coupled with the conservative and introverted nature of agricultural countries, their views on this kind of life and this kind of life are down-to-earth, not excited and not fanatical. This also shows the powerful transforming power of Confucianism. Especially in the arrangement structure of sculpture groups, it embodies the characteristics of China. For example, the order of respect and inferiority in sculpture is a portrayal of the hierarchical concept of the feudal dynasty in China, and it is also an empirical evidence that China's traditional wet philosophy finally defeated the unconventional philosophy, and it is also a manifestation of the secularization of Buddhist sculpture art and its complete integration with life. This feature was vividly displayed in the sculpture art of the Song Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, the non-speculative gods in the Northern Wei Dynasty and the non-dominant gods in the Tang Dynasty were all secular gods. The sculpture portraits in Song Dynasty are concrete, vivid and cordial, and they are the representatives of realistic style. It shows that religious fanaticism is gradually declining in China. Therefore, when you walk into the Song Dynasty grottoes in Dunhuang, which completed this social turning point, you will feel that it is no longer a religious art, but a real human life, and even pure patterns are the reappearance of secular life. The pattern of the Northern Wei Dynasty was active, and the pattern free exhibition of the Tang Dynasty was completely gone, with only standardized and rigid palindromes. The whole scene gives people a cool feeling, poor, weak and dull. Sculpture in Song Dynasty lacked religious enthusiasm and profound speculation, and the art of religious sculpture in China declined at this time.

In a word, it is not feasible to regard the Buddhist art in China with a history of hundreds of years as a chaotic whole. What is important is historical analysis and exploration. In religious sculpture, with the changes of the times and society, various aesthetic standards and beautiful ideals have emerged:

Sculpture in the Northern Wei Dynasty won with an "ideal" higher than human life. The Tang Dynasty won by combining "ideal" with "reality"; Song dynasty won by "reality". This has a * * sound with the ideal change of the times to the beauty of life.

It can be seen that the artistic style of Buddhist sculpture is constantly evolving with the development of the times and the progress of history. Just as Buddhism changed from Indian Buddhism to China Zen thought. Buddhist sculpture has also developed from the depiction of God in Wei and Jin Dynasties to the imitation of man in Song Dynasty, which is also the embodiment of people diluting religious thoughts and deepening their understanding of nature.

Among the sculptures in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, there are works that profoundly reflect the life and spiritual outlook of the times. In terms of artistic style, the pursuit of ideals and the truth of techniques are unified, and simple and simple law handling is unified with vivid and true performance. Moreover, we can see the unity and coordination of each sculpture and each part of each sculpture, as well as the sense of wholeness with special emphasis.