The origin of the surname "Chen"

Among many surnames in China, Chen is the fifth largest surname in China. Chen originally belonged to Gui family, but he is a descendant of Gui family. After Zhou Wuwang established the Zhou Dynasty, he found Hu Gongman, a descendant of Shun, sealed him in this place of Chen, and established the State of Chen. By the time of Chen Minggong, Chen Weichu was destroyed, and Chen's descendants took the original country name as their surname after the national subjugation, so they had Chen's surname.

In addition to the country name, Chen's surname was renamed from other surnames, one of which was changed by ethnic minorities. According to the Records of Guan Shi, Hou, a noble of Xianbei in the Northern Wei Dynasty, changed his surname to Chen after he moved to Luo with Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

First, Chen moved.

After thousands of years of reproduction, the Chen family has spread all over China, forming the Chen family centered on Yingchuan, Runan, Xiapi, Guangling and Donghai. Chen moved south from his birthplace, started from Taiwei in the Western Jin Dynasty, and moved his family south to Danyang County, Jiangsu Province. Later, his grandson, Chen Shida, became the county magistrate of the Great Wall (now Changxing, Zhejiang), so the Chen family moved to Zhejiang. Chen Baxian established the Chen family in the Southern Dynasties, which made the Chen family once prominent and spread all over the vast area between the Yangtze River and Guangdong and Guangxi. In Tang Gaozong, people surnamed Chen entered Fujian and Guangdong. After the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, there was a long-term war in the Central Plains, and a large number of people surnamed Chen moved south and even developed overseas, thus further expanding the ranks of people surnamed Chen in the south of the Yangtze River. Today, Chen has become the fifth surname and the first surname in Taiwan Province.

Second, Chen's brilliant Yao Gankun

Throughout ancient and modern times, people surnamed Chen left a brilliant stroke in their family history.

In the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a Chen Yuan who was one of Confucius' disciples. Chen Sheng, the leader of the peasant uprising at the end of Qin Dynasty, initiated the peasant uprising in the history of China. Chen Ping assisted Liu Bang at the beginning of the Han Dynasty, and Chen Lin, one of the "seven sons of Jian 'an", was a great writer at the end of the Han Dynasty. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Chen Tang attacked Xiongnu many times. During Wang Mang's reign, Chen Zun was named Hou of Javey. In the Three Kingdoms, Chen Deng and his father conspired to alienate Lu Bu and Yuan Shu. The History of the Three Kingdoms written by Chen Shou in Jin Dynasty is one of the most widely circulated historical books in the twenty-four histories. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, there were famous generals Chen Qingzhi He, and the most famous person named Chen in this period was the founder of Chen in the Southern Dynasties.

During the Tang and Song Dynasties, people surnamed Chen were also famous artists and talents. Politically, there were prime ministers Chen, Chen Xilie and Chen Yixing in the Tang Dynasty. In Song Dynasty, there were Michael Chen who struggled with eunuchs, and Chen Junqing who was upright and upright. In terms of literature and poetry, there were Chen Ziang, Chen Hong and Chen Tao in the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, there were Chen Pengnian and He Chen. In addition, there are Chen Liang, a thinker and writer, and Chen Juzhong, a painter. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, a number of peasant uprising leaders emerged, such as Chen Shuozhen, the female leader of the peasant uprising army in the late Tang Dynasty, and Chen Sanjian in the Southern Song Dynasty. In addition, there were some celebrities named Chen in the Tang and Song Dynasties, such as Xuanzang and Chen, the eminent monks in the Tang Dynasty. Yuan has Chen Youliang, general of the Red Scarf Army; There are essayist Chen Duo, patriotic poet Chen Zilong, writer Chen Jiru, traveler Chen Cheng and chenchen. In the Qing Dynasty, there were travelers Chen Gongyin, Chen Wenshu, Chen Weisong, Chen Ling, Chen Duansheng and Chen Li, thinkers Chen Jian, Chen Xianzhang and Chen Que, and painters Chen Hongshou. Chen Zilong, a famous anti-Qing fighter at the end of Ming Dynasty, Chen Hongmou, a great scholar of Dongge during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty, and Chen Huacheng, who died heroically in the Opium War. Chen Kai, the leader of the Heaven and Earth Society in the late Qing Dynasty, and Chen Yucheng and Chen Decai, the young generals in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, led the peasant uprising. In the Qing Dynasty, there were scholars Chen Huan, Chen Li, Chen Qiaozong and writer Chen Li. In modern times, there were democratic revolutionaries Chen and Chen Tianhua, proletarian revolutionaries Chen Tanqiu, Chen Yannian, Chen Yi, Chen Geng and Chen Yun, as well as early * * * Party leader Chen Duxiu, Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress Chen Shutong, and senior Kuomintang generals Chen Lifu, Chen and Chen Cheng. There are also modern historians Chen Yinque and Chen Yuan, famous scholars Chen Wangdao, mathematicians Chen Jingrun, writers, famous poets Chen, painters, opera musicians, playwrights Chen Moxiang, film artists and so on. In addition, there are many famous overseas Chinese figures, such as Chen, a patriotic industrialist and Sun Yat-sen's close friend.

Third, Chen's celebrity effect

1。 Chen Sheng, the leader of the peasant uprising.

Bobby Chen is from Yangcheng. Bobby Chen made a living as a long-term laborer when he was young. Once, he and his friends were resting in the field. He said to his friends, "If some of us are rich in the future, don't forget our old friends!" Everyone was amused and said, "where did you get the money for working hard to farm for others?" Chen Sheng sighed and said to himself, "Alas, how can a sparrow understand Hongyan's ambition!"

In 209 BC, Chen Sheng, Guangwu and others were ordered to be stationed in Yuyang. When they arrived in osawa Township, the rainstorm delayed their trip, which was punished according to the laws of the Qin Dynasty. Chen Sheng and Guangwu decided to rebel. They used people's superstitions to write the word "Chen" on a piece of white silk and stuffed it in the belly of fish caught by others. When the soldiers bought fish, they found the words on this white silk and were very surprised. In the middle of the night, he sneaked into a ruined temple near the military camp, lit a bonfire, pretended that the fox said something first, and then shouted, "Great Chu Xing, Chen." The soldiers of the whole battalion were even more surprised and scared.

Chen Sheng and Guangwu saw that the time was ripe for the uprising, so they killed two officers who led them and launched an uprising in osawa Township. The uprising team developed rapidly, and Zhang Chu regime was established in Chenjun, and Chen Sheng became king. Then Chen Sheng sent troops to attack Zhao, Wei and other places, and sent the main force to attack the Guanzhong area. However, due to the counterattack of Qin Jun's superior forces, Chen Sheng was killed by the traitor Zhuang Jia after the defeat.

2。 Chen Shou, the author of Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

Chen Shou was born in Han An, Brazil (now Nanchong, Sichuan). He studied under Qiao Zhou, a famous scholar, as an adult, served as the main book of General Wei, and later became an important official who managed the throne around the emperor. At the end of Shu Han Dynasty, he was demoted by Liu Chan as an official without official position. After the establishment of the Western Jin Dynasty, Emperor Wu of Jin named him Lian Xiao and put him in charge of compiling national history. His History of the Three Kingdoms is regarded as one of the "Four Histories".

Legend has it that when Chen Shou was preparing to compile the History of the Three Kingdoms, one day he came across a Liangzhou secretariat named Ding, a descendant of Ding Yi and Ding Brothers. Chen Shou proudly said to him, "If you give me1000m, I will write a very good biography for your parents." The secretariat ignored him, so Chen Shou really didn't give a biography to the Shi Ding brothers. So people at that time looked down on him with this matter. The History of the Three Kingdoms written by Chen Shou, with concise words and detailed notes, is an important historical material for studying the Three Kingdoms period and has also become the blueprint of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms in later generations.

3。 Zuiyan Chen Danqing tea

Chen Hongshou, born in Qiaofeng, Zhuji, Zhejiang, was a famous painter in the late Ming Dynasty.

Chen Hongshou liked painting when he was a child. It is said that when he was five years old, his mother asked him to borrow bamboo curtains from his uncle's house. When he saw the newly painted wall of his uncle's house, he couldn't help recording it and drew a portrait of Guan Yu. In the painting, Guan Yu stroked his beard in one hand and held Chunqiu in the other. He is eight or nine feet long and radiant, which makes his uncle kowtow. At the age of 0/0, Chen Hongshou studied under the famous painters Sun Huo and Lan Ying. According to Zhou Lianggong's Reading Pictures, when Chen Hongshou was a teenager, he took home the 72-year-old stone carving written by Hang Xiucai Li, copied it repeatedly, and asked Lan Ying for advice. Lan Ying said it was very similar, and he was very happy. Asked after copying, Lan Ying said that he didn't like it, but he was happier. Therefore, Chen Hongshou realized from an early age that imitating the ancients cannot imitate the ancients, but should create his own style by learning the achievements of predecessors.

Chen Hongshou's interest in painting mainly focuses on figure painting. 14 years old, as soon as his works went on the market, people paid for them. /kloc-When he was 0/5 years old, he was invited to make birthday pictures and articles for people. His representative works include Xiu Xiang's illustrations such as Water Margin, Thin Valley, Nine Songs and The West Chamber. All of them are famous woodcuts, and they are praised by contemporary international scholars as "the first person who represents many completely unique artistic styles in the17th century". His works include "Baolun Tangji" and "Avoiding Chaos Grass".

Although Chen Hongshou was an outstanding painter in the late Ming Dynasty, his life was bumpy. When he was young, he went to Beijing several times and failed in the exam. He had to sell paintings to accumulate money and enter imperial academy. After seeing through the darkness and corruption in political affairs, he left. After the establishment of the Qing regime, a friend from Wang Xing suggested that Chen Hongshou take the exam. He wrote in his poem: "The two kings did not advise me to be an official ... a pair of drunken eyes looking at the green hills." He was nostalgic and desperate for the Ming Dynasty, and finally became a monk. He died at the age of 55.