What is this?

Spending money originated in the Han Dynasty. In the early days, spending money was mainly a pleasure for China people. Because this kind of coin is not a currency in circulation, the material is mostly rough. People in China usually call it "spending money". Although "spending money" is in the form of coins, it is not used in circulation and is a "counterfeit currency" in coins. There are many kinds of folk spending money in China, such as furnace opening, treasury, gift giving, blessing, appreciation, play, accessories, zodiac and so on. This kind of "money" is actually an exorcism and auspicious product, and it is a souvenir of some need. Among them, "auspicious money" is a common way to spend money. Mainly in Kyrgyz, such as "long life and wealth", "long life in Fude", "promotion and wealth" and "peace in the world", which also reflects the infiltration of China's traditional culture.

Chinese history

China's aversion to winning money has a long history, and it should have the same source as metal money, that is, physical money. In addition to serving as the medium of barter exchange, physical currency has its original practical function. For example, shells are not only used as money, but also as decorations. The copper shell coins of Shang Dynasty were the earliest metal coins in China, but from the unearthed situation, some copper shells were put in the tomb together with seashells as wealth, and some were unearthed in Chemakeng as horse ornaments, and the use of the latter was similar to that of winning money in later generations.

Spending money in ancient times

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, some expressions or auspicious words related to sacrifices often appeared. For example, the inscription on the shoulder pole, curved foot and short cloth contains the words livestock, such as the combination of "Mao" and "Niu" and the combination of "Mao" and "Tian", which should refer to the offerings used for Shi Mao's sacrifice; The inscriptions on the back of Qi Dao, Jimo Dao and Anyang Dao always have auspicious words such as Japan, Kyrgyzstan, Dachang, Bifeng, Anbang and Daxing. Yan Dao and Yan Huanqian have the word "Ji" inscribed on the back; On the back of the "half Liang" money in the Warring States Qin Dynasty, the auspicious word "Qianbei" was also found to pray for wealth. In the pre-Qin period, people began to bury copper coins in graves, so that the deceased could continue to enjoy wealth in another world. Imitation coins such as pottery money and stone money also appeared one after another. During the Warring States period, the word "Ji" was cast on the back of the sword coin with the tip of Yan's arc back and the sword coin of Qi's "Qi Jianbang Changda Road", which some scholars thought was a commemorative coin specially cast by Qi when Tian Dan was restored to Qi.

After the Qin and Han Dynasties, winning money officially became a branch independent of currency in circulation, that is, the so-called "counterfeit" currency. Among the five-baht coins in the Han Dynasty, some were cast with the words "easy to get rid of difficulties, suitable for future generations", some were cast with the words "don't be a soldier" on the front and the words "eliminate evil from China" on the back. Obviously, they are specially designed to ward off evil spirits and bring good luck. Although these coins are still imitation coins, Qian Wen changed them into auspicious words and patterns, and the main purpose of making them changed from being buried to being worn. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, the piercings of Ziyi plate beam and Taichang plate beam were both diamond-shaped, and the purpose of diamond-shaped piercings may be to keep the style of money correct when wearing it. From this point of view, it should be worn. From Wang Mang to the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were many kinds of money in Qian Wen, but the quantity was very small. Typical coupons are five baht and fifty taels, with auspicious words, rules and astrological patterns cast on the back. In addition, there was a kind of hanging money in the Han Dynasty (a kind called buckle ornaments). There is a big circle above the money and a small circle below it. Most of the inscriptions are "Never forget a thousand dollars" and "Eliminate evil in China and dispatch troops", which have been unearthed in Han tombs in Shanxi, Fuquan, Shanghai and Inner Mongolia.

From the Han Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the types and quantities of spending money were very few. The lucky money of Taiqingfeng, which was cast during the reign of ZSZSZSZ Taiqing in the Southern Dynasty, was once considered to belong to Kyrgyz. However, in September 2000, more than 4,000 pieces of this model were unearthed in Yixing City, Jiangsu Province, and their nature was re-recognized as currency.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the casting and spreading of winning money reached its peak, with various names covering all fields of life.

Japanese history

The winning money is also called "drawing money" or "drawing money" in Japan. Muromachi was introduced to Japan from China at the end of the period, and it was first cast in Liuhe Institute, Kyoto, and was cast during the Edo period to Meiji and Taisho years. There are many kinds of painting money with different uses, such as congratulations on famous names, temple souvenirs, children's toys, forgeries of collectors, gambling tools and so on.

classify

Cool money

This is an extra-large overweight coin, which was minted by the official money bureau for evil before the money was opened for circulation. Some specially cast the words "Treasures" on coins. The earliest town treasury money in the world belongs to Datang Town Treasury in Southern Tang Dynasty. Since then, there have been castings in all previous dynasties, and there are also town treasury money that does not cast the word "town treasury".

Hanging lamp money

A court coin, used as a pendant for palace lanterns, is more common in Qing Dynasty. The history book says, "Money Bureau refines money in December, which is called hanging money." Anyone who sees the heavy, big, copper and excellent annual money in the Qing Dynasty may be hanging money.

During the Spring Festival and Lantern Festival in the Qing Dynasty, there was a custom of hanging coins on palace lanterns as accessories, which was called hanging money on lanterns. Every year1February, the Foundry Bureau specially casts a number of exquisite dragon and phoenix decorative patterns, which are later replaced by words.

Birthday gift

Lucky money minted to celebrate birthdays. In Qian Wen, there are usually longevity of tortoise cranes, longevity of tortoise-aged cranes, longevity and wealth, longevity of Fude, longevity and so on. On the back, there are immortals, turtles, cranes and Ruiyun.

Spare parts money

Refers to the money-shaped casting worn by the ancients for decoration or evil spirits, also known as "matching money". Qian Qi originated from the Han Dynasty, and was originally a money-shaped buckle. Later, various patterns or auspicious words were added, such as "1000 yuan a day, don't forget your appearance". In modern times, a large number of folk locks are often classified as accessory currency.

Chunqian

In ancient times, the small money used as jewelry by the people was mostly privately cast, and the texture was mostly gold and silver. This kind of money has been recorded in the Yuan Dynasty, when women's jewelry mostly appeared in the form of gold and silver, which was called spring money. Another small copper coin with "good luck in the New Year" and "safe population" printed on the back also belongs to the category of spring coins.

Scatter money

Money-shaped castings used in ancient weddings. Most of the money distributed in the account is auspicious words, such as a long life, a husband and wife growing old together, happiness forever, a son and grandson, early birth of your son and so on. And there are varieties of gold and silver on the surface of currency in circulation.

Chess money

It was an ancient money-shaped chess, and it was not until the Song Dynasty that it was completely finalized and became what it is now. The earliest chess money in the world also appeared in the Song Dynasty, which was generally illustrated and beautifully imitated by later generations.

immediate goalmouth

During the Spring Festival, the countryside will generally stick to the door. The earliest door gods in ancient times were Shen Tu and Lei Yu. In the Tang Dynasty, the door gods were replaced by military commanders Qin and He. Two door gods in Ming and Qing Dynasties stood on coins.

lucky money

It is specially used to celebrate the Spring Festival. This kind of money is small and refined, and it is privately invested. Because it is specially used to celebrate the Spring Festival, it is also called Spring Festival money.

Ji Yuqian

Lucky money-continuous three yuan

In other words, there are many kinds of auspicious sentences cast on coins, which are popular in Tang and Song Dynasties. Such as "peace through the years" and "peace in all seasons".

lucky money

Every new year's eve or the beginning of the new year, elders often give lucky money to their younger generation. According to the historical records of the Qing Dynasty, "It is called lucky money to wear money with colored ropes, weave it into a dragon shape and put it at the foot of the bed. Your elders give their children lucky money, also called lucky money. " At that time, giving lucky money meant paying New Year's greetings, exorcising evil spirits, praying and welcoming blessings. People also wear hundreds of copper coins with red ropes as lucky money, which means longevity.

Warning money

Most ancient coins are used for circulation, and some are used for auspicious words to spend money or praise politics, but ancient coins used to warn the world are rare. Mr. Xu Shouhuang, consultant of Yancheng Collectors Association in Jiangsu Province, has a special ancient coin in his home.

This is a copper coin with a round square hole and a diameter of 4.6 cm. It is beautifully made, simple and dignified, and well preserved. There are four characters in regular script on the front, namely "easy to send ancient and modern", and there is a dragon pattern on the back, which shows the majesty and domineering of the emperor. "These four words still have some knowledge. They can be read circularly or directly, which reflects the good intentions of the ancients in designing this coin. " If you read it in a spin, it means "the law should be applied in ancient and modern times", which shows that the law is the key to governing the country and safeguarding the country; If you read it directly, it means "making the past serve the present", that is to say, you should not only imitate the ancient useful rules and regulations, but also consider whether it is suitable for today's needs. Various currency spectrums and expenditure catalogues are not recorded. After studying with Tibetan friends, it is preliminarily determined that this coin was cast in the late Ming or early Qing Dynasty, and it was a warning money given by the emperor of the dynasty to civil and military officials who held heavy power.

"Treasure of Town House" Large woodcarving costs money.

In the Qing Dynasty, wood was covered with black paint, which was damaged, with a diameter of16.8cm and a diameter of1.8cm.. Look directly at the "treasure of the town house" on the front, surrounded by carved dragons, white tigers, suzaku and Xuanwu. Taoism called it "four elephants", also known as "four spirits", and later upgraded to "four emperors", surrounded by saints. Put it on the back for the official script "Exorcise and Kill Evil"; Wearing moire on the left and right, money is divided into two parts, representing heaven and earth respectively; There are four words engraved around it, which are the fifth word, which is called "the true colors of five mountains" in Taoism; Put a gourd with "Baiyun Temple" engraved on it, which shows that the utensils are coins made by Taoist priests in Baiyun Temple.