Pan Geng moved the capital.

When Shang Tang established the Shang Dynasty, it set the country in Bozhou, which is now Shangqiu. In the next 300 years, the capital moved five times. In fact, there are many reasons, including frequent battles for the throne and civil strife within the royal family. Floods often occur in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Once a flood flooded the capital, and the Shang Dynasty had to move the capital.

? From Shang Tang to the throne to Pan Geng, there have been twenty kings. Pan Geng is a very talented king. In order to change the social unrest at that time, he decided to move the capital.

However, moving the capital is not a matter of saying a word. First of all, it was opposed by most nobles. They are greedy for comfort and have complicated relationships, and are unwilling to move the capital. There are also some powerful aristocrats who incite civilians to oppose it, which makes people panic for a time.

? Faced with strong opposition, Pan Geng did not waver in his determination to move the capital. He summoned the nobles who opposed the move of the capital and patiently advised them to move the capital for the stability of our country. They should understand my pains and don't panic unnecessarily. My mind is made up and I can't change it.

? Pan Geng insisted on moving the capital and finally defeated the opposition. He crossed the Yellow River with civilians and slaves and moved to Yin, which is now Xiaotun Village in Anyang, Henan. There, the politics of the Shang Dynasty was rectified, and the declining Shang Dynasty flourished again. For more than 200 years, the capital has never moved. So Shang Dynasty was also called Yin Shang.

For more than 3,000 years, the capital of Shang Dynasty was in ruins. In modern times, people dug up a large number of ancient relics in Yin. Because it was once the capital of Shang Dynasty, it was also called Yin Ruins.

Among the cultural relics unearthed in Yin Ruins, there are more than ten thousand tortoise shells and animal bones engraved with words 10. Archaeologists need to study to understand these words. It turns out that people at that time were superstitious about ghosts and gods When they sacrifice, hunt and go out to war, they all use tortoise shells and animal bones to predict good or bad luck. After divination is completed, write down what happened and the results at that time on tortoise shells and animal bones. Now we call this kind of writing carved on tortoise shell bones Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Our present Chinese characters evolved from Oracle Bone Inscriptions.

Among the relics unearthed in the Yin Ruins, a large number of various bronze vessels were also found, with exquisite weapons and techniques. There is a generous tripod named stepmother Wu, weighing 875 kg, with a height of 130 cm and carved with magnificent patterns. It can be seen from this bronze ware that during the Shang Dynasty, the technology and artistic level of copper smelting were superb.