Buddhism! How many ways are there?

Belief, Will and Action in Several Important Buddhist Methods

The Sanskrit word for "heart" is s/raddha. The transliteration of Sheruotuo. The name of the heart (function of the heart). It is one of the 75 laws and one of the laws of 100. Is the symmetry of' unbelief'. That is to say, for an object, it can make its mind and heart function produce a pure spiritual effect, so' only trust can enter' is the initial step to enter Buddhism and Taoism. All families have been established as one of the top ten good land laws, and only those who know sects have been established as one of the good land laws. On the other hand, it is called "unbelief", which is one of the top ten troubles of all sects and one of the eight troubles of knowing only sects. "On Cheng Wei's Wisdom" Volume 6 (Grade 29): "What is the cloud of faith? Practical, virtuous, capable, patient, happy, eager, pure in heart, do not believe in treatment, take happiness and beauty as their career. "

There are three kinds of letters in the same book: (1) faithfulness means that you are convinced of various legal facts. (2) Faith means that you are convinced of the true and pure virtues of the three treasures. (3) Belief in ability means that among all the good things in the world and my background, I am convinced that strength can be achieved and have hope for it.

Faith enters the first part of the Tao, so the fifty-two Bodhisattvas are headed by ten faiths, and the five-five strength is also based on the root of faith and faithfulness respectively. Sixty Hua Yan Jing Volume Six Sages and Bodhisattvas (September 433):' Faith is the mother of Daoyuan's merits. On Great Wisdom Volume 1 (June 3, 2005):' Buddha is the sea, faith can enter, and wisdom can. They all mean this, so there are many places about persuasion and initiation in various classics. In addition, there are different opinions about the laws they believe in, such as the four truths, the three treasures, and the fruits of good and evil. And "Za Agama" Volume 30 refers to the four certificates of pure faith such as Buddhism, Buddhism, monks and holy precepts. Liang's translation of Mahayana (Volume 7) holds that there are three things in belief: (1) believing in the reality of Buddha's nature, (2) believing in its availability, and (3) believing in its infinite merits. Mahayana belief theory emphasizes confidence in truth and Buddhism. [Old Huayan Sutra Volume Six Sages First the Bodhisattvas, Great Bodhisattvas Volume Twenty-nine, Apiada Volume Four, All Give Up Volume Three]

The Sanskrit word for "wish" is pran! idha^na。 The determination to achieve the expected goal in the heart, especially the inner wishes, such as wishes, volunteers, wills, wishes, etc. According to the release of Prajna Sutra, Three Questions of Monks, and Infinite Life Sutra, all Buddhists and Bodhisattvas are seeking supreme bodhi at the beginning of their original hearts, and want to spend all sentient beings. This kind of oath is called Hong Shi, and it is also called universal wish, such as the Four Hong Shi and the Twenty Oaths. At the same time, buddhas and bodhisattvas also vowed to purify the Buddha's land and achieve all sentient beings. Although these vows are shared by all Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, they vary according to the wishes of all living beings, so they are called other wishes, such as the 48 wishes of Amitabha Buddha and the Tathagata 12 wishes of pharmacists. Although Gaiguo was recruited by Xing, without Xing, Xing could not achieve its expected purpose.

The wish of Buddha and Bodhisattva to achieve the highest goal of Buddhism and then return to the' position' is called the original wish, the original wish, or the old wish; The power or function of its original will is called will. Therefore, it can be seen that every Buddha and Bodhisattva who practices Buddhism and vows to become a Buddha with one heart and one mind must have a Buddhist heart; Swear to educate all beings, there must be a' degree of all beings'; Putting two kinds of hearts together is called wishing to live.

In addition, there are many idioms about' wish', such as: I wish I were smart and clever; Willingness is to win wishes; A sad wish means a sympathetic wish; Desire refers to the content of desire; May the Lord point to the willing; And making a special wish to exercise something is called making a wish. 【 Xing Tao Prajna Sutra Volume VI, Kitamoto Nirvana Sutra Volume XXIV, Bodhisattva Land Holding Sutra Volume IX, Great Wisdom Volume VII, Cheng Weizhi Theory Volume IX, Fa Bodhi Heart Sutra Volume III 】

"Walking" in Buddhism mainly has three meanings:

(1) Sanskrit Sam! Barry San% Kha Ra. Ska Ra transliterates and deletes Garo, a monk Dugarreau. Originally, it was artificial, but later it was going to move and change. (1) artificial meaning. It means the same as' karma'. The second' line' in the twelve origins belongs to this category. It refers to three industries that can attract people's sense of death (physical industry, dental industry and Italian industry). That is, all physical and mental activities of people. (2) Migration and change means' promising'. Gai Youwei is created by karma, so he refers to all impermanence laws. The' line' in all kinds of line impermanence belongs to this category. This is the meaning of' walking clouds' in the five aggregates. (See Twelve Causes 337, Five Elements 12 12, Walking Clouds 2567 and Leaves 5494)

② Sanskrit Cariya or carita, Balinese Cariya or carita. (1) It means action and behavior. ② refers to the practice or practice of achieving enlightenment. If "action" refers to corresponding actions, consistent actions and statements, teaching actions and proofs, teaching actions and results, then it is the field practice of understanding and interpreting words. True Sect of Pure Land Sect in Japan called chanting Buddha a great line.

③ Sanskrit gamana. The feeling of walking or walking. This is the meaning of walking, living, sitting and lying down.

Pure land Sect attaches great importance to faith, will and action, which is called pure land three-capital grain. Those who are rich in food, such as traveling, need wealth and food. If they lack these two things, they will never get there. In this three-capital grain, there is a joint relationship First, faith produces desire, and then desire produces action. If you don't have a letter, you won't be able to do it.

Please refer to the Buddhist dictionary. )

Attachment: the name letter of mind method in Ding Buddhist dictionary (terminology). I am convinced that the entity of various laws, the pure virtue of the three treasures, and the good root of the world. It is faith that makes the heart clear. Only know the theory of six:' for the letter of He Yun? Yu Shide can believe in forbearance and happiness, and his heart is pure, which is the cause of treating unbelief and kindness. "Give up everything and say:' Believers make the heart clear.' Ode to Shu Si:' Believers are clear, like water, pearls can be clear, and faith in pearls can clear the heart.' The second chapter of Mahayana Righteousness says,' You are sincere in your name and trust in the three treasures.' Jin Huayan Liu Jing said: "Faith is the mother of Daoyuan's merits and virtues. It increases all good laws, eliminates all doubts and shows the development of Supreme Daoism. Bodhisattva karma said:' When all beings first enter the Three Treasures Sea, faith is the foundation. Life in Buddhism is based on precepts. "On wisdom, I said,' Buddha is the sea, faith can enter, and wisdom can. (Omitted in the middle) Take the faith in the Scriptures as the hand. If a person has a hand, he can take it at will in Baoshan. If he has no hand, he can't take it. The same is true for believers, who have no Buddhist roots and have a sense of enlightenment in Baoshan. "

Brahma S/Raddha, an encyclopedia of Buddhism in China, refers to the spiritual function of Buddhism, Bodhisattva and teaching methods that can make the mind clear. That is, confidence and belief. Jushe Sect listed it as one of the top ten good soil laws, and only Zhizong established it as one of the eleven kindnesses.

In the Preface to Samadha Dharma written by Japanese monk Konghai, he said that in order to decide that there is no retreat, he became confident, and said that confidence has ten meanings, namely, clarity, determination, happiness, discontent, joy, respect, obedience, admiration, immortality and love. In the process of practicing Buddhism, confidence is regarded as the most important starting point, for example, the newly translated Volume XIV of Huayan Jing (Dazheng1072b):' Confidence is the mother of Daoyuan's merits, all good dharma will be cultivated, and love will flow out of the net of doubt, thus revealing the supreme path of nirvana.' In addition, the first volume of Great Wisdom also said that Buddhism is the sea, and faith can enter; He also said that people can enter Buddhism if they have faith in their hearts, but not if they have no faith. Therefore, the letter ranks first among the five. The so-called five are faith, diligence, thinking, determination and wisdom.

In the process of learning Buddhism, faith carries out everything and is divided into three stages, namely, (1) faith: or faith and forbearance. That is, the network message from deep understanding belongs to the solution. (2) Pursuit of belief: that is, from the establishment of belief solution to intensive research, it belongs to the position of solution. (3) Testimony: Testimony is clean again. That is, the net result proved by practice.

Regarding the content of confidence, the Mahayana belief theory says that there are four kinds of confidence, namely, believing in the truth, believing in the infinite merits of Buddhism, believing in the great interests of Buddhism, believing that monks can practice correctly and being self-interested and altruistic. This is the general saying of Mahayana. Otherwise, there is the theory of interpreting and respecting faith. Among all sects, those who attach importance to faith, especially the Pure Land Sect, emphasize the belief in Amitabha's original wish according to the Infinite Life Sutra. Good guide and sage once said that there are two kinds of confidence in machine law, while Shinrikyo in Japan believes that only confidence can lead to life, so it is said that' confidence is the foundation'. Qin Luan, the ancestor of this family, regarded "faithfulness" as one of his four principles in giving lectures.

◎ Appendix 1: The Origin and Development of Early Mahayana Buddhism, Chapter 5, Section 3 (Excerpt)

"belief" (s/raddha) is not important in the basic Buddhism "Buddhism". Because of the traditional teaching of God, people are required to believe in him. To remove respect from consciousness is to induce and guide the listener to realize and be relieved. This is proof, not faith. Therefore, the Buddha said that the sacred ways of practice, such as eight righteousness, seven bodhi points, four hearts, four spiritual feet and four righteousness, have no position of faith; It has always been based on' abstinence, determination and wisdom'. For example, Sharifutsu (S/A riputra) saw the monk Ma Sheng (As/vajta), and after listening to what he said, he realized something, so there is no need to believe it. This meaning is most clearly expressed. For example, Volume XXI of Za Agama (Dazheng 2 152c) says:' Niruozi is more than Luo Yan: Do you believe that the Saman has no consciousness and no view? Elder Quadoro replied, I didn't come by faith. I have lived in this Samadhi for a long time, as if I were wise. Why should I believe in Buddha? '

Xuetiela's predecessors didn't believe in Gautama's Samadha, the Samadha with or without consciousness and view (that is, Samadha without seeking and equality), but they proved that Samadha without consciousness and view can live in such Samadha. For the elderly, this is not faith, and faith is useless. This fully shows the characteristics of Buddhism.

Buddhism attaches importance to self-proof rather than belief, but with the spread of Buddhism, more monks and nuns have been protected by kings and elders. At that time, the religious circles and the public all hoped for liberation, or happiness in this world and the afterlife, and looked forward to the release of respect with hunger and thirst, hoping to be satisfied. This admiration for Buddha, love for music and confidence in general religion are of the same sex. Faith has finally become the content of Taoism. On the basis of diligence, mindfulness, determination and wisdom, plus faith, it is named five forces. At first, it was a belief in Buddha. For example,' the holy disciple's confidence in the Tathagata is fundamentally firm, and the worldly laws such as heaven, magic, Brahman, Saman and Brahman can't be bad, which is the root of a belief.' If the net confidence gained by the holy disciples in the bodhi heart of Buddha is the root of fame. (omitted)' belief' has the belief meaning of general religion, so it has similar functions to general religion. In this respect,' following thoughts' and' proving purity' are roughly the same, and now they are also common. Why should we practice the thought of "three obedience" and "four certificates"? (1) Teaching methods for sick people, mainly those who are sick at home, enable sick people to follow the principles of "follow the mind" and "clear the symptoms" without suffering, because death will lead to life. (2) In the wilderness, under trees and in empty houses,' there are all kinds of horrors', which can be removed according to the three thoughts. (3) I heard that the Buddha is leaving, I can't see the Buddha, I feel depressed, and I can still read Buddha, dharma and monk. According to chanting Buddha, chanting Buddha, dharma and monk, if the four certificates are pure, you will not be troubled, bitter and afraid. There is a metaphor in the scriptures, such as Za Agama, Volume 35 (Dazheng 2.254 C ~ 255 A), which says,' The Emperor of Heaven told the heavens that if he fought with Ashulun, there would be terrorists. When you miss my building, you will be born with terrorists. When you read that building, you can get rid of your fear. If you are a businessman, you are a terrorist in the wilderness, so think about Tathagata, Dharma and Monks. "

This is a metaphor from Indian religious mythology. In the world, this role does exist. For example, when the army sees the general's flag, it will fight bravely. If the flag is dropped (or pulled out) and can't be seen, it will panic and collapse. When you read Buddha, Buddha, Dharma and Monk, you will feel Wade's unparalleled power to support yourself. Plus the divine power of general religion, that's it. Therefore, the application of faith in practice means that the Buddhist part of "self-reliance, not relying on others" is transformed into the direction of other forces. (omitted)

It is in line with Buddhist justice to introduce faith into Buddhism, accept those believers, and finally introduce wisdom and forbearance respectively.

◎ Appendix II: Four Letters (from Buddhist Dictionary)

(1) refers to the four kinds of faith mentioned in Mahayana belief theory, such as faithfulness, belief in the treasure of Buddha, belief in magic weapon and belief in the treasure of monk. Also known as four kinds of self-confidence. Believing in the truth means believing in the truth of the teachers of the Buddhas and the source of all kinds of actions, and being willing to observe. Believing in Buddha's treasure means believing in Buddha's infinite merits, always thinking of closeness, offering respect, initiating good roots and seeking wisdom. Faith is a magic weapon, which means that faith and practice can eliminate greed and other interests. You often think about practicing paramita. Believing in the monk's treasure means believing in the great bodhisattva monk. He is above the ground and can be selfish and altruistic, so he is always willing to be close and learn truthfully.

In addition, faith without action is not strong; If the faith is not strong, the fate will be scattered. So there are five lines besides these four letters, and cultivation can become four letters.

(2) It refers to the longevity of the Buddha mentioned in Hokkekyo's "Respecting Merits and Virtues", which can be divided into four categories: one is faith, the other is releasing interest, the other is widely speaking, and the other is faith. This is what Tiantai family said. For the last five products, these four products are also called the current four letters. "One thought and one realization" means that the Buddha has a long life and understands three thousand dharmas. Farr has nothing to do, and so does the legal world. A brief description of interest is another brief description. Being widely told by him means being widely told by others. I am convinced that visiting the city means practicing and visiting the city. Among them, the second class is Wen, the third class is Si, and the fourth class is Xiu.

(3) refers to the belief in Buddhism, Buddhism, Buddhism, Buddhism and Buddhism mentioned in the Vimalakīrti Classic. And do four things that are not bad.

◎ Appendix 3: On Cheng Weizhi, Volume VI (Excerpt)

What is the cloud of faith? Yu Shide can endure pleasure deeply and has a pure heart. If you don't believe in governance, it is good for your career. However, there are three differences. (1) The letter is true. It is said that in all the laws and facts, I am convinced that I will put up with it. (2) Faith is virtue. It is said that the three treasures are true, pure and virtuous, and I am convinced that I am happy. (3) Faith is capable. It means that everything is born good, and I firmly believe that strength can be achieved, so I hope. If you don't believe it in your heart, you are born good. Endurance is victory. This is the meme. Happiness is desire. That is to believe in fruit. What is the truth of this letter? It is not appropriate to say that you are pure-hearted for sex. It's not finished yet. If purity is the heart, it should not be the heart. If you make your heart clean, why not be ashamed? The heart is clean, and the dilemma is clean. This clarification can purify the mind and so on. Overcome reason with your heart and establish an innocent reputation with your heart. As clear as water pearls, it can clear water. Shame is good, but it is not pure. This net is a stage. No abuse, no loss.

There are also various dyeing methods, each with its own stages. Only if you don't believe, you will be turbid and turbid. If you are extremely filthy, you will defile him. The letter is turning, and so is the net. Some people say: believers, philharmonic is the phase, and they have to live through three natures. The body should be desire. It should be difficult to collect, not because of the letter. Believers should follow the trend and have three characteristics. That is, to overcome desire. If the printing is successful, you will win. If you are happy, you want to get old. From the other two, there is no reason to follow the same. From this, you should know everything

[Resources] The first volume of Abidar's Law; Abida Moshe Theory, Volume 4; "On the Great Bodhisattva" Volume 29; The old translation of Hua Yan Jing, Volume 6; The first volume of Great Wisdom; "Za Agama" Volume 30; Notes on Tanluan's past life.

May Ding Buddhist Dictionary (Terminology) be translated into Pranidhana. Seek satisfaction. The second highest in the dharma circle said:' Self-control of one's heart is called taking an oath. Ambition is to be satisfied, so the cloud is willing. "At the end of the Dharma Cave, it says,' I was born to make a wish, and I want to make a wish.' After seven rounds of observation, I said,' Those who make a wish swear. Such people, if they don't divide the coupons, everything is uncertain. If you do good to all beings, if you don't care, or if you are afraid of repentance, add an oath. Without an oath, like a cow without a royal, I don't know what I'm interested in. I'm willing to defend the line. I'll be there. You don't have to make a wish because you have lived twice. Bodhisattva gives birth to chemical things, so always wish for other things. Sihong is the general wish. Fahua Hua said, "There is no other wish to do good in Dalagni."

I would like to make a vow in a commonly used Buddhist dictionary of Chen. There are two kinds of wishes: general wishes and farewell wishes. For example, Sihong's wish is a general wish, Tommy's 48 wishes and yohji yamamoto's 12 wishes are farewell wishes.

Maybe (Van Planck! Idha^na) "Wishing" in the Encyclopedia of Buddhism in China has the meaning of volunteering, desire and desire, and refers to the desire for something. Its Sanskrit is pranidha^na；; ; This is formed by the root dha^ (placement) plus the conjunctions pra (forward or forward) and ni (near) plus the suffix na, that is, putting the heart before the goal, so it is translated as' wish'.

Sexologists have put forward various theories about the nature of "wish". Volume 9 of On Cheng Weizhi lists two theories, one of which regards "wish" as the heart of "wisdom"; The other takes' desire' as the core of' desire, victory and belief'. On Yoga Volume XI (1) Cloud (Dazheng 42.557b);

The theory of wish is different. There are ancient teachers who rely on success and have patience, while prepared teachers have wisdom. Therefore, the theory of cloud wisdom is welcome. Sanzang thought he was going to make a false wish on the letter. Shi Yun is refined, with winning, relieving desire, thinking and believing as the body. "

Because Kuboth's will is the first thing to initiate the practice of Buddhism and Taoism, the seventh volume of Great Wisdom (Dazheng 25. 108b) says,' You can't succeed by doing your own merits, but you have to have the will. For example, although Niu Li can pull a cart, he needs a ruler to achieve something; The wish of the net world is also as blessed as an ox and as powerful as a ruler. "

"Wish" can also be called original wish, cause wish and oath. There are two main kinds of wishes: common wishes and parting wishes. The yoga teacher's theory of land contains five wishes: initiation, acceptance, fulfillment, righteousness and great wish. There are two kinds of positive wishes: common wishes and different wishes; There are ten kinds of great wishes: the wish to support, the wish to uphold the dharma, the wish to practice the dharma first, the wish to increase the heart of all beings, the wish to educate all beings, the wish to know the world, the wish to purify the Buddha's land, the wish to walk wholeheartedly and the wish to achieve Bodhi. In addition, the ninth volume of On Cheng Weizhi puts forward Kubote's desire and the desire to enjoy music.

According to reports, the so-called' Sihong Oath' is a general wish; Forty-eight wishes for Amitabha, twelve wishes for pharmacists and five hundred wishes for Sakyamuni are other great wishes.

Regarding the nature of "wish", it can be divided into "expecting wish" and "begging wish". The book of exploring the secluded places (Dazheng 35.162 b):' Make a big oath, and if you want to achieve this result, you must expect something. And the blessings I have compiled have achieved this result, which is a wish I have been longing for. "This is the meaning of expected achievements and expected results. Because of the position, making a big wish for becoming a Buddha belongs to the former; Seeking Buddha's fruit because of practice is the latter.

In addition, the walker initiates a general wish or a different wish in his mind, which is called' wishing'. Swear that we must complement each other with the industry (practice) in order to succeed. The two are collectively called' willing to do'. If the Bodhisattvas take the Sihong oath as their general wish, they will still promote it with the Six Paramitas. In addition, in China's Buddhist community, when believers practice good deeds and do good deeds, they often have words stating the wishes of the donors. These words are called "vows" or "wishes". There are many such wishes in Hong Guangming Ji.

[Resources] Dao Xing Prajna Sutra, Volume 6; The Prajna Sutra of Light (Volume 19); On the Great Amitabha Sutra: The third, fourth and seventh volumes of Chinese Sadness Sutra; Manjusri Shi Li vows; "Hua Yan Putin offers stars" Volume 40; Theory of bodhicitta.

Ding Buddhist Dictionary (terminology) was also created in this way. Moreover, the inner interest is in the external environment, such as the heart. Three Mahayana righteousness chapters say:' The mind is involved in the environment, and it is called the line.' The theory of giving up everything says:' the name of the bank is artificial.' Chapter 8 of Mahayana righteousness says:' the beginning is a famous line.' The top officials of the legal circles said,' The heart of nature can be interesting in the fruit, which is called a trip.' Xuanyi San said:' My husband's fame is interesting, but not wise. [Ai @ You] moved from karma to the third generation. The second chapter of Mahayana righteousness says,' Set for your purpose and do it for your purpose. Everyone praised Shu, saying,' There are two meanings in making a move, that is, name and action. According to this, the five meanings of meaning, fate and color are all the same.' After all, I said,' If I am creating, or if I am about to move towards the remaining four aggregates, it is also called.' Agama added the twenty-seventh sentence:' color is like foam, reception is like floating bubbles, thinking is like wild horses, walking is like bananas, and knowledge is like illusions.'

Making Chen's Dictionary of Buddhist Common Sense refers to the creation of body, mouth and mind.

Go to China Buddhist Encyclopedia (1) (Van Sam! Ska^ra, Bashan% Kara, Tibet! Du-byod) artificial, migration, potential forming force or forming effect, transliteration delete Gallo.

(1) One of the twelve causes: Yitong's' karma' refers to the past three karma, namely, body, mouth and heart, which caused the present world. "All Houses" Volume Nine Clouds (Dazheng 29 48b):' All trades and professions are famous.' On Cheng Wei's Knowledge Yakumo (Dazheng 3 1 43b):' In this case, ignorance is the only thing with positive significance, and the practitioner of good and evil in later generations is the person who makes it, so it is called behavior. It can be seen that it is not a business to accept everything according to the order and not help the industry. "

(2) One of the five connotations: in a narrow sense, it refers to thinking (will), and in a broad sense, it refers to doing things other than color, acceptance, thinking and knowledge. "The Theory of Total Abandonment" is a cloud (Dazheng 29.4a):' All lines are called lines except front and back colors, reception and thoughts. However, Bhagavan said in Qi Jing that as a doer, six thoughts are the best. So what? The name of the line is artificial, the thinking is professional, and the artificial meaning is strong, so it is best. So the Buddha said, "If you can do something missing and promising, your name and deeds will be meaningful."

(3) The lines are impermanent: righteousness is the same as "promising". Refers to all phenomena, which is the broadest sense.

(2) The actions, behaviors and practices of Van ·carya^, Carita, Karitra, Bacari Tower and Tibetan spyod-pa. Refers to the practice and practice in order to achieve enlightenment. The "behavior" of teaching practice, teaching theory and results, the "behavior" of clear feet and the "behavior" of Bodhisattva all belong to this. Shinrikyo in Japan says that there is no Amitabha in the south, and chanting Buddha is a big line.

(3) (Van Gamana, Ba Gamana, Zang H! Gro-ba) means to walk and March. One of the four dignity refers to the dignity of monks walking.

[References] (1) On the Great Bodhisattva and Sand, Volume 74; Miscellaneous Notes on the Theory of Mind of Adamo 1 Volume; Abida's grinding alignment theory, Volume II: Theory of Mahayana Apiada Grinding Sets, Volume I; Mahayana Appiah Daamir's Miscellaneous Notes, Volume 1. Hokkekyo Xuanyi Volume III (Part II); "Beijing Wen Sentence Collection" Volume 4 (I); "Beijing Wen Sentence Collection" Volume 4 (I); "Fa Hua Xuan Yi Shi" Volume 8; Sweet words are good for money, volume 7. (3) The Five-Point Law Volume 27; "Bodhisattva's good precepts" Volume 7; The quartering acts as a note, Volume 3-4; Teaching director.