What is the head of the Five Classics of Confucianism and San Xuan of Taoism?

Zhouyi is the first of the Five Classics, and San Xuan refers to Laozi, Zhuangzi and Yijing.

Zhouyi

brief introduction

The Book of Changes, one of the Three Changes of the Book of Changes (another view: the Book of Changes is three changes, not the Book of Changes), is one of the traditional classics. It is said that it was written by Zhou Wenwang Jichang, and its contents include the Book of Changes and the Book of Changes. Classics are mainly composed of 64 hexagrams and 384 hexagrams, each of which has its own interpretation (hexagrams) for divination. The Book of Changes did not put forward the concepts of Yin-Yang and Taiji, but was influenced by Taoism and Yin-Yang theory. There are seven kinds of words * * * 10 explaining hexagrams, which are collectively called the Ten Wings and are said to be written by Confucius.

Book writing background

In the early society of China, due to the low productivity and underdeveloped science, the ancestors could not give scientific explanations to natural phenomena, social phenomena and human physiological phenomena, which led to the worship of God and thought that there was a supreme God behind things, which dominated everything in the world. When people suffer from natural and man-made disasters repeatedly, they sprout the desire to predict sudden disasters and their behavioral consequences with the help of providence, so as to achieve the purpose of seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages. In the long-term practice, various prediction methods have been invented to communicate between man and god, and the Zhouyi, which can best reflect the meaning of god, is produced under such conditions.

Laozi

brief introduction

Tao Te Ching, also known as the True Classic of Morality, Laozi's Five Thousand Words and Laozi's Five Thousand Articles, was a work before the separation of the pre-Qin philosophers in ancient China, and was highly praised by the philosophers at that time. This legend was written by Laozi (Li Er, a native of Luyi, Henan Province) in the Spring and Autumn Period, and it is an important source of Taoist philosophy. Tao Te Ching is divided into two parts. The first part of the original text is the Tao Te Ching, and the second part is the Tao Te Ching, without chapters. Later, it was changed to the Tao Te Ching in the first 37 chapters, and the Tao Te Ching in the last 38 chapters, divided into 8 1 chapters. It is the first complete philosophical work in the history of China, with profound thoughts and far-reaching significance. Known by the Chinese ancestors as the king of all classics. Tao Te Ching is a cultural masterpiece that has been translated into foreign languages and published the most besides the Bible.

Literary features

The recorded poems are concise in language, rich in connotation, rigorous in structure, strong in thought and full of charm, with many compound sentence and antithetical sentences. Such as "misfortune, happiness depends on it, and disaster lies in it" (Chapter 58) "People are hungry because of their hunger; People succeed because of their desire; Human death is difficult to treat; The rhetoric of "people are rich, but death is light" (Chapter 75) is mostly adopted by later scholars. ?

Zhuangzi.

brief introduction

Zhuangzi, also known as Nanhuajing, is a Taoist classic written by Zhuangzi in the middle of the Warring States Period and his later period. After the Han Dynasty, he was honored as a classic of the South China, and Zhuangzi was named as a true man of the South China. His books, Laozi and Zhouyi are called "San Xuan". Zhuangzi mainly embodies Zhuangzi's critical philosophy, art, aesthetics and so on. Its content is rich and profound, involving philosophy, life, politics, society, art, world outlook and many other aspects.

Comments by famous experts

The Revealing of Xunzi by Sun Qing in the Pre-Qin Dynasty: Zhuangzi is hidden in the sky and doesn't know anyone.

Han Fei's "Han Fei Zi Upper Right Foreign Reserve" in the pre-Qin period did not judge by name: "If you don't persuade the reputation of reward, you are not afraid of the destruction of punishment. If the four are the same, you are excluded. I don't care about the emperor, I don't care about the princes, and I am afraid of teaching, so I will take the lead. "

Fabai in the Western Han Dynasty: Zhuang and Yang Dang disintegrated.

Jin Guoxiang's Preface to the South China True Classics: Zhuangzi is a genius who lives on earth and is full of great English words. If the words are used in the opposite way, the people of a song can't express their grand purpose, but just say it in a strange way. If Yu Yi and Yi Xiu are the first, and the articles of Yan Yan, You Fu and Zi Xu are all mixed together, there will be three of them. Or lead the crowd, or make a detour for Christmas, or like a classic of mountains and seas, or like a book in a dream, or go out to Huainan, or argue the name, and take part in high rhyme, and fight against the imperial dragon, saying vulgar words without mystery, but it is difficult to know the meaning of sleepiness, so that it stagnates and loses. What do you want from Zhuangzi? So they are all omitted. Today is article 33, judge the length and achieve the general goal.