Who was Wuzi in the Northern Song Dynasty?

Woods was a famous philosopher and Yi-ology scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty. They are Zhou Dunyi, Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi, Shao Yong and Zhang Zai. Their works have a great influence on later generations.

Zhou dunyi

Thinker and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, recognized as the originator of Neo-Confucianism in academic circles. Zhou's academic thought is a philosophy based on Confucianism and integrating Taoism and Buddhism, and puts forward the theory of universe generation, infinity and Taiji. His Neo-Confucianism played a connecting role in the history of China. Huang Zongxi, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, took Confucianism in the Song Dynasty as an example and said that Confucianism was extremely bad after the Han Dynasty. More than a thousand years ago, in the middle of the Song Dynasty, Zhou Dunyi was born in Fuling and studied under sages. He writes Tai Chi pictures and books, explains the principles of Yin-Yang and Five Elements, and knows the nature of heaven and man like the back of his hand. Neo-Confucianism founded by Zhou Zi has been raised to a very high position. His works are of great cultural significance and are still widely known today.

Zhou Dunyi was the pioneer of Taoism in Song and Ming Dynasties. With the confluence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism at that time, Zhou Dunyi did make a pioneering contribution, integrating and transforming Ailian's Wuji Theory, Laozi's Taiji, Yi Chuan Cheng, Yin-Yang and Five Elements Theory and other ideological materials, and providing Taoist schools with the categories and models of universe ontology such as Wuji and Taiji after the Song Dynasty. In a sense, Cheng Er's expansion and Zhu's integration are the unique insights that make Taoist thoughts more perfect and systematic on the basis of Zhou Dunyi.

Among Zhou Dunyi's philosophical works, there is only one "The Doctrine of the Mean Taiji Diagram" with more than 200 words and one "Taiji Diagram" with less than 3,000 words revised from the Taoist catalogue. The scope involved includes the ontological problems of infinity and Tai Chi, the impossibility of things, the dynamic and static view of everything, the maintenance of peace and the establishment of human bipolar ethics. For these problems, although he only put forward the arguments and outlines about Feng Yi's Ci, and did not elaborate systematically and concretely in theory, his philosophical thoughts played an important role in enlightening the development of Taoism in Song and Ming Dynasties.

Hao Cheng, Franz Chen.

He was known as Cheng Er, studied under Zhou Dunyi, and later established his own neo-Confucianism system.

Cheng Hao was a philosopher, educator, poet and founder of Neo-Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty. Bochun, a scholar, is called Teacher Ming Dow. Luoyang, Henan, was born in Huangpi, Hubei. Zongshen Jiayou Jinshi was appointed as Prince Zhongyun to supervise the suggestion. Oppose Wang Anshi's New Deal. Academically, Cheng Hao put forward that heaven is truth, mind is heaven, and whatever means is reason. He thinks that benevolent people are exactly the same as things, and all people know that this truth is benevolent, so they have to respect it with sincerity. Advocate telepathy. There is no only right way to admit the truth of everything in the world.

Cheng Yi was a philosopher, educator and founder of Neo-Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zheng Shu is from Yichuan, Luoyang, and Huangpi, Hubei. Hao Cheng, his younger brother. Professor Li Ruzhou of Xijing imperial academy Yong Ying Library. In the first year of Yuan You, besides the secretary of provincial school books, he was also awarded the title of Chongzhengtang storytelling. His brother Cheng Hao founded Luoxue, which laid the foundation of Neo-Confucianism. His political thoughts were influenced by his young family and his father, who recommended him to oppose Wang Anshi's new law and praised his younger brother Hao Cheng Xiahou _ for his statement to Gong Jing. His younger brother Cheng Hao not only has the same academic thought, but also has the same educational thought. Cheng Yi's book is The Book of Changes: A Family Biography, which was compiled into a classic by later generations. Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi both studied under Zhou Dunyi and were called Cheng Er. Cheng Yi collected the works of Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao in the late Ming Dynasty.

Cheng's theory is different in some aspects, but the basic content is the same. Based on the theory of all reason or Tao, it is believed that reason is justice before everything, and everything is just a kind of justice. Everything is due to reason, and reason is very important. The present social order is determined by heaven. If we follow it, it will conform to heaven; Otherwise, it is against heaven. Put forward that things are people's simple dialectical thought. It emphasizes that human nature is good, that is, human nature is rational. Because of different temperaments, human nature is good and evil. Therefore, turbidity and evil are actually human desires. Blinding a person's heart is hurting justice. If no one is willing, justice will prevail. So teach people to uphold justice and destroy human desires. If you want justice, you must deal with it tomorrow. If you want to manage things until tomorrow, you must do them thoroughly and understand them day by day. You can master it if you accumulate more. Advocate self-cultivation and respect, and apply what you have learned. They founded the Luo School, which gave a complete form to Neo-Confucianism, so they were the actual founders of Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties. Cheng's thought had a far-reaching influence on later generations.

Shao Yong

Posthumous title Fu Yao and Kang Jie lived in seclusion in Baiyuan Mountain in Sumen, later called Baiyuan Division, but they held important positions repeatedly. After living in Luoyang, he was closely related to Sima Guang and others. Shao Yong invented a set of cosmic structure schema and theoretical system according to the explanation of the formation of Eight Diagrams in Er Cheng Quan Shu, which became his image number theory, also known as innate learning. It is said that his divination is very accurate. Renzong settled in Luoyang and made a living as a professor. Zong Jia _ and Zong Shenxi Ning were called to be officials, but they didn't go. He founded the theory of nature, believing that everything evolved from Tai Chi. I ching, viewing things, congenital map, Yichuan soil collection and other authors. At that time, Li Zhicai was the county magistrate of Gongcheng. He heard that Shao Yong was eager to learn, so he went to see Shao Yong and said to him, Does Zi also know about material life? Do you know the physics of the development of the universe and the knowledge about life?

Shao Yong replied: Fortunately, I was taught. It means that he is willing to be taught, so Shao Yong accepted him as a teacher and learned Huang Jijing's family, river map, hexagrams and sixty-four hexagrams. These are all things taught, handed down a long time ago, and when Shao Yong explores its profound connotation, he often has a wonderful epiphany, and finally gets Yang's extensive knowledge, mostly inspired by Shao Yong himself.

The longer Shao Yong studied these classics, the more his virtue was praised by the world. At the same time, Shao Yong's wisdom is also growing. He knows the laws of the movement of heaven and earth, the ups and downs of Yin and Yang, the changes of the world, and even the characteristics of tiny walking and flying animals and herbs and woody plants. At that time, his profound wisdom was considered confused by the world. Shao Yong's theory is not a theory that imitates predecessors' accidental reality. Shao Yong realized the gossip about Fuxi's congenital factors, so he wrote hundreds of thousands of articles and spread them around the world. But because of seclusion, it is rarely known to the world.

Zhang zai

The philosopher of the Northern Song Dynasty, one of the founders of Neo-Confucianism, has a strong personality. Hengqu Town, Fengxiang County, known as Hengqu Teacher. Jiayou Jinshi awarded books to Chongwen Academy and Zhitaichang Academy. Put forward the theory that the sky is qi, and affirm that qi is an entity full of the universe, and all kinds of phenomena are formed by the accumulation and dispersion of qi. His works include Luo Shu Zheng, Meng Jing and Li Xuedong. Make it easy for them to say. His four sentences across the strait are magnificent. The academic thoughts of Zhang Zai and Zhang Xueliang occupy an important position in the history of China, and have a great influence on the later ideological circles.

Thinker Zhang Zai loudly put forward four proverbs, that is, wholeheartedly serve the world and wholeheartedly serve the people.