What festival is the Double Ninth Festival?

Chinese traditional festivals

The origin of the Double Ninth Festival in the story of Cat Handsome: On September 9th every year, climbing a mountain with Cornus officinalis can defeat the plague demon.

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The origin of traditional festivals in China ~ Double Ninth Festival in September.

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What is the Double Ninth Festival?

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There was no Double Ninth Festival in ancient folk? How did today's festival come about? ...

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Do you know the origin and customs of the Double Ninth Festival? Subverting history to answer for you!

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Learn more about the Double Ninth Festival.

Learn more about the Double Ninth Festival.

The origin of festivals

Ethnicity

folk custom

Literary narration

Myths and legends

The Double Ninth Festival is a traditional festival in China, which falls on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month every year and is a traditional folk festival in China. The Double Ninth Festival originated from the worship of celestial phenomena and evolved from the harvest sacrifice in ancient autumn and season. The number of "Nine" is a positive number in the Book of Changes, and the two positive numbers of "Nine Nine" are heavy, so it is called "Chongyang"; It is also called "Double Ninth Festival", because both the date and the month conform to nine.

Returning to the truth of 1999, the ancients thought that 1999 Chongyang was an auspicious day. In ancient times, there were folk customs such as climbing mountains to pray for blessings, enjoying chrysanthemums in autumn, wearing dogwood, drinking alcohol to worship ancestors and praying for longevity. So far, it has added the connotation of respecting the elderly, feasting on the day of Chongyang, and being grateful for respecting the elderly. Climbing mountains and enjoying autumn and giving thanks and respecting the elderly are two important themes of today's Double Ninth Festival.

According to the existing historical data and textual research, the origin of the Double Ninth Festival can be traced back to ancient times, when there were harvest and ancestor worship activities in autumn. According to Lu's "Spring and Autumn Annals", when the crops were harvested in September, the ancients offered sacrifices to the heavenly emperor and ancestors to thank them for their kindness. This is the original form of the Double Ninth Festival as an autumn harvest sacrifice activity. The Double Ninth Festival began in ancient times, spread in the Western Han Dynasty and flourished after the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty is an important period when traditional festival customs are mixed and shaped, and its main part has been passed down to this day. Chongyang ancestor worship has lasted for thousands of years and is an ancient folk custom with far-reaching significance. Double Ninth Festival, New Year's Eve, Tomb-Sweeping Day and July 30th are also called the four traditional ancestral festivals in China.

In the historical development and evolution, the Double Ninth Festival is a mixture of various folk customs, bearing rich cultural connotations. In the folk concept, "nine" is the largest number, which means longevity, and it places people's wishes for the health and longevity of the elderly. From 65438 to 0989, the ninth day of the ninth lunar month was designated as "Respect for the Elderly", which advocated the whole society to establish the atmosphere of respecting, respecting, loving and helping the elderly. On May 20th, 2006, the Double Ninth Festival was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage in the State Council.

Basic information

Chinese name

Double Ninth Festival

Foreign name

Double Ninth Festival

Another name

Double Ninth Festival, Double Ninth Festival and Old People's Day

Festival time

ancient times

Types of folk festivals

traditional festival

Spread out completely

The origin of festivals

Nine Yang Numbers in the Book of Changes

Double Ninth Festival

Double Ninth Festival

The origin of the name "Chongyang" was named after "Yang is nine" in the ancient book I Ching. In the Book of Changes, "six" is defined as yin number, "nine" is defined as yang number, and "extreme number" means that the height of the sky is "nine times". On the ninth day of September, the sun and every month meet on the ninth day, which means "the weight of 29", so it is called "double ninth". At the same time, the two yang numbers are combined, so it is called "double ninth". In the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Dai wrote "Night Flight" and said: "Nine is the yang number, and its day coincides with the month, so it is called" Chongyang ".

"Nine" is the Lao Yang, which is the anode number. The two anode numbers are combined, 1999 is unified, one yuan starts, and Vientiane is updated. Therefore, the ancients thought that Chongyang was an auspicious day to celebrate. In ancient times, there was a custom of drinking to pray for longevity. In the folk concept, because "nine" is the largest number, and "nine nine" and "long" are homophonic, it is endowed with the meaning of immortality, longevity, health and longevity.

Harvest sacrifices for heaven.

The origin of the Double Ninth Festival can be traced back to ancient times. According to legend, Chongyang is the day of enlightenment in Yuan Di. There are existing written records about the activities of the Double Ninth Festival, which was first seen in Lu Chunqiu Qiu Ji Ji: "In September, order the family to slaughter, prepare for farming, and introduce five essentials. The Tibetan emperor's book is collected in the holy warehouse, and it is only respectful. It's the day, great emperor, and I'll taste the sacrifice and tell the son of heaven. " It can be seen that there was an activity of offering sacrifices to God and ancestors at the autumn harvest in September to thank them for their kindness. This is the primitive form of the ancient Double Ninth Festival as a sacrificial activity. The early Chongyang culture embodies the humanistic spirit of advocating nature and the unity of man and nature in ancient civilized society. A series of sacrificial activities on the Double Ninth Festival contain profound cultural connotations of respecting morality, valuing ceremony, etiquette and music civilization. Jia, a courtier who recorded the Western Han Dynasty in Miscellanies of Xijing, said: "On September 9, Pei Yun ate the bait and drank chrysanthemum wine, and Yun Chang made life long." According to legend, since then, there has been the custom of seeking longevity on the Double Ninth Festival. It is said that this was influenced by ancient wizards (later Taoist priests) who pursued immortality and collected drugs to take.

Ancient Sacrifice Ceremony to Mars

Double Ninth Festival

Double Ninth Festival

One of the prototypes of the Double Ninth Festival is the ancient fire sacrifice ceremony. Summer is called "the fire in September", and the retreat of the star "Fire" not only makes the ancients who have always regarded Mars as a symbol of seasonal production and seasonal life lose the coordinates of time, but also makes the ancients who regard fire as a god feel inexplicable fear. The dormancy of Vulcan means a long winter. Therefore, in the "internal fire" season, people should hold a corresponding farewell ceremony, just like when it appeared. The ancients regarded September 9 and March 3 as the corresponding spring and autumn festivals. Liu Hanxin's Miscellaneous Notes on Xijing said: "Go to the third grade in March, play games with girls in September, and then climb the mountain." The correspondence between Shangsi and Chongyang is based on the appearance of "fire". This is also a folk expression of rituals and beliefs related to the Double Ninth Festival. With the development of society, people have a new understanding of the seasons, and the ceremony of offering sacrifices to Mars in September gradually declined. In ancient times, we can find some traces of ancient customs from Chongyang (Vulcan at home) custom in parts of the south of the Yangtze River. If Shangsi (Tomb-Sweeping Day) is a festival for people to go swimming after a long winter, then Chongyang is a ceremonial autumn outing when people are about to live in seclusion, so there are the folk customs of "going for an outing" in Tomb-Sweeping Day and "bidding farewell to youth" on the Double Ninth Festival.

Ethnicity

Double Ninth Festival

Double Ninth Festival

The origin of traditional festivals is related to ancient primitive beliefs, sacrifices, calendars and other humanistic and natural cultural contents. Most of the traditional festivals in ancient times were formed in the activities of the ancients who chose auspicious day sacrifices to thank the gods of heaven and earth and the ancestors for their kindness. The Double Ninth Festival has a long history, starting from ancient times. In ancient times, the customs of the north and the south were different. Before the Spring and Autumn Period, the customs and activities of various places had not been integrated and circulated, and the customs and activities of the Double Ninth Festival were rarely recorded in the Central Plains literature. The existing written records about the custom of the Double Ninth Festival were first found in the pre-Qin classic "Qiu Ji Ji Lu Chunqiu", which recorded the ancient people's activities of offering sacrifices to the Heavenly Emperor and ancestors in September. In the process of historical continuation, the Double Ninth Festival has integrated a variety of folk customs. With the development of the times, the cultural connotation of the Double Ninth Festival has been continuously extended and enriched.

According to documents, during the Warring States period, Chongyang was paid attention to by people, but it was only an activity in the palace. The Han Dynasty's Miscellanies of Xijing recorded the ancient custom of seeking longevity on the Double Ninth Festival.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Wei Wendi Cao Pi described the Double Ninth Festival in "Nine Days and Zhong You": "Year to month, suddenly to September 9. Nine is the number of yang, and the sun and the moon coincide. It is well known and considered suitable for a long time, so it is a feast. "

During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the festive atmosphere became stronger and stronger, which was sung by literati. Tao Yuanming, a scholar in Jin Dynasty, said in the preface to the poem "Idle for Nine Days": "I am idle and love the name of Nine. Autumn chrysanthemums are full of gardens, but they are sad, empty for Jiuhua, and precious words are like gold. " At the same time, it is mentioned that chrysanthemum and wine had the custom of enjoying chrysanthemum and drinking alcohol during the Wei and Jin Dynasties.

In the Tang Dynasty, the Double Ninth Festival was designated as an official festival. From then on, the court and the people celebrated the Double Ninth Festival together, and various activities were carried out during the festival. According to records, the ninth day of the ninth lunar month was officially listed as a national holiday during the reign of Tang Dezong Shili (780 -785), and the Double Ninth Festival was listed as one of the "three festivals".

Double Ninth Festival

Double Ninth Festival

In the Song Dynasty, the Double Ninth Festival was more lively. Dream of China in Tokyo recorded the grand occasion of the Double Ninth Festival in the Northern Song Dynasty. Legend of Wulin also records that the court in the Southern Song Dynasty "rearranged nine soldiers on the eighth day of the eighth lunar month" for the next day's entertainment.

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, eunuchs and concubines in the palace began to eat flower cakes together from the first day. On the ninth day of the Double Ninth Festival, the emperor personally went to Long Live Mountain to climb the mountain to celebrate his autumn ambition. The customs of Ming and Qing dynasties still prevail. The custom of Beijing Double Ninth Festival is to stick chrysanthemum branches and leaves on the doors and windows, "to eliminate evil and filth, and to make money and treasure".

In modern times, since 1980s, some places in China have designated the ninth day of September in the summer calendar as the festival for the elderly, advocating the whole society to establish the atmosphere of respecting, loving and helping the elderly. 1989, the China municipal government designated the ninth day of the ninth lunar month as "Day for the Elderly" and "Day for Respecting the Elderly". 201212 on February 28th, the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), China voted to pass the newly revised Law on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Elderly. The law clearly stipulates that the ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the festival for the elderly every year.

In the process of inheritance and development, the Double Ninth Festival is passed down from generation to generation as a festival with rich life significance. The theme of giving a banquet to respect the elderly and praying for longevity gradually merged with the traditional filial piety ethics in China, and became one of the important themes of the Double Ninth Festival.

folk custom

folk-custom activities

summary

Double ninth festival custom

Double ninth festival custom

In the process of historical continuation, the Double Ninth Festival not only incorporates many folk customs, but also incorporates many cultural connotations. There are many folk activities and rich cultural connotations. According to the existing literature, as early as the Warring States period, there were folk customs such as offering sacrifices, climbing mountains and drinking chrysanthemum wine during the Double Ninth Festival. The activities of the Double Ninth Festival are rich and colorful. In ancient times, there was the custom of climbing on the Double Ninth Festival, so it was also called "Climbing Festival". The climbing custom of Chongyang originated from the climate characteristics at this time and the worship of mountains by the ancients. Climbing is also a solar term originated from nature, and climbing on the Double Ninth Festival corresponds to the spring outing of ancient people in spring and March. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the custom of "climbing to pray for blessings" was popular. There is no uniform rule for climbing places. Generally, people climb mountains and towers.

On the Double Ninth Festival, all localities organize activities for the elderly to climb mountains, have an autumn outing, exchange feelings and exercise. The younger generation of many families will also help the elderly to go to the suburbs. The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is a climate of "clear air rising and turbid air sinking". The higher the terrain, the more concentrated the clear sky, so "Chongyang climbing to enjoy the clear sky" became a folk custom. Autumn in September, the sky is crisp, this season, climbing high and looking far can achieve the purpose of refreshing, fitness and recuperation. Double Ninth Festival is a traditional festival in China, which combines various folk customs. Celebrating the Double Ninth Festival generally includes traveling to enjoy the scenery, climbing high and looking far, watching chrysanthemums, planting dogwood everywhere, giving a banquet to respect the elderly, eating double ninth cake, drinking chrysanthemum wine and other activities.

Autumn sun

Gaodeng Shangqiu Style Ruo Ling

Gaodeng Shangqiu Style Ruo Ling

The Double Ninth Festival is the best time to enjoy autumn, and some mountain villages in the south of China still retain the characteristics of "basking in autumn". Going to the countryside to appreciate the folk customs and watch the autumn sun has become a fashion in rural tourism. "Sunbathing in autumn" is a typical agricultural custom phenomenon with strong regional characteristics. Villagers living in mountainous areas such as Hunan, Guangxi, Anhui and Jiangxi. It has become a traditional agricultural custom to use the roof in front of the house and the window sill to hang crops. This special lifestyle and scene of villagers drying crops has gradually become the material pursued and created by painters and photographers, and created a poetic name "drying autumn".

fly a kite

Flying kites is the main custom of celebrating the Double Ninth Festival in the south. The folk Double Ninth Festival is characterized by flying kites. Guangxu's "Huizhou Fuzhi" is also recorded. Paper kites are kites now. In the folk tradition, besides climbing mountains, flying kites is also a major feature of the Double Ninth Festival.

Climb the peak

Gordon Chongyang

Gordon Chongyang

The custom of climbing on the Double Ninth Festival has a long history. The custom of climbing mountains has four origins: first, the ancients worshipped mountains; Second, it comes from the climate of "clearing the air, raising the turbidity and sinking the gas"; Thirdly, it stems from the "resignation" of climbing; Fourth, it originated from an absurd legend in the attached meeting, "climbing mountains to avoid disasters."

1.

The ancient ancients worshipped mountains and formed the custom of "climbing to pray for blessings". "The Book of Rites Sacrifice Law" records: "Mountains and valleys, clouds can come out, for the wind and rain, strange to be called God." According to documents, the ancients revered and worshipped mountains, and the custom of "climbing to pray for blessings" was popular as early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The Records of Chang 'an in the Western Han Dynasty recorded that people visited the Han capital on September 9th.

2.

According to the law of the movement of the heavens, the earth, the sun and the moon, the ninth day of the ninth lunar month is a climate of "clearing the air, raising the turbidity and sinking the air". The higher the terrain is, the more high-definition air is gathered, so "Chongyang climbs high and enjoys the cool" has become an important folk custom.

3.

The term "tattoo" comes from the solar terms in nature. Chongyang is an autumn festival. After the holiday, the weather became colder and the plants began to wither. The word "climbing the mountain" on the Double Ninth Festival corresponds to the "outing" of the ancients in March in the spring.

4.

The myth and legend of climbing mountains to avoid disasters in the Double Ninth Festival began in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It is said that there was a warlock named Huan Jing in Henan at that time. He thought that there would be a plague on this day, and people should leave their homes and go as high as possible to be safe. In Wu Liangjun's mythical novel "Continuation of Qi and Harmony" in the Southern Dynasties, the absurd story of Huan Jing going up the mountain to avoid disaster on September 9 was recorded.

Eat Chongyang cake

Eat Chongyang cake

Eat Chongyang cake

According to historical records, Chongyang cake, also known as flower cake, chrysanthemum cake and five-color cake, is made randomly. It was the original intention of the ancients to make cakes at dawn on September 9. The child put a cake on his head and said a word in his mouth, wishing the child all the best. Exquisite Chongyang cake should be made into nine layers, like a pagoda, with two lambs on it, which conforms to the meaning of Chongyang (sheep). Some people even put red paper flags (instead of dogwood) on Chongyang cakes and light candles. This probably means "lighting a lamp" and "eating a cake", not "climbing". At present, there is still no fixed variety of Chongyang cake, and the soft cakes eaten around Chongyang Festival are called Chongyang cakes.

offer sacrifices to ancestors

The Double Ninth Festival is one of the four traditional festivals of ancestor worship in China, and there is a tradition of ancestor worship and blessing in ancient times. With the development and evolution of history, the family concept and ancestor worship in many places are getting weaker and weaker. In ancient times, the traditional custom of ancestor worship on Double Ninth Festival was still popular in Lingnan area, and people held ancestor worship activities on Double Ninth Festival every year. Whether worshipping ancestors or looking far away, its most fundamental function is to enhance people's cultural identity and strengthen the cohesion of family and society.

Appreciate the beautiful chrysanthemums

Appreciate the beautiful chrysanthemums

Appreciate the beautiful chrysanthemums

The Double Ninth Festival has always had the custom of enjoying chrysanthemums, so it has been called Chrysanthemum Festival since ancient times. The custom of appreciating chrysanthemums originated from chrysanthemum culture. Chrysanthemum is a natural flower. Chrysanthemum has formed chrysanthemum culture because of its colorful colors and blooming in Ao Shuang. September of the lunar calendar, commonly known as Chrysanthemum Month, holds a chrysanthemum party on holidays, and people from all over the city go to the meeting to enjoy chrysanthemums. Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties in the Three Kingdoms, it has become fashionable for Chongyang parties to drink and enjoy chrysanthemums and recite poems. In the ancient customs of China, chrysanthemum symbolizes longevity. Chrysanthemum is the flower of longevity, and is praised by scholars as the unyielding symbol of first frost.

Enjoy a feast and beg for a long life

The custom of seeking longevity on the Double Ninth Festival was first recorded in the Han Dynasty. It is recorded in the Miscellaneous Notes of Xijing in the Han Dynasty: "On September 9, Pei Yun ate the bait and drank chrysanthemum wine, and the clouds made people live longer." The Chronicle of Jingchu said: "On September 9th, four people had a picnic together. "Duke Du of Sui wrote:" I don't know when the banquet on September 9 started, and it hasn't changed since it was stationed in Song Dynasty. "On the basis of offering sacrifices to heaven and ancestors, longevity and feasting have been increased, forming the foundation of the Double Ninth Festival. In fact, the large-scale banquet activities of the Double Ninth Festival developed from the harvest celebrations and sacrificial banquets in the pre-Qin period.

Drink chrysanthemum wine

Chongyang enjoys chrysanthemums, drinks and plays chess.

Chongyang enjoys chrysanthemums, drinks and plays chess.

Because of its unique character, chrysanthemum has become a symbol of vitality. Chrysanthemum contains health-preserving ingredients. In Jin Dynasty, Ge Hong's "Bao Pu Zi" recorded that people in Nanyang Mountain drank sweet valley water full of chrysanthemums and lived longer. Drinking chrysanthemum wine on the Double Ninth Festival is a traditional custom in China. Chrysanthemum wine, in ancient times, was regarded as the "auspicious wine" that Chongyang must drink to eliminate disasters and pray for blessings. The custom of flower wine originated from Tao Yuanming, a great poet in Jin Dynasty. Tao Yuanming is famous for living in seclusion, writing poems, drinking and loving chrysanthemums. Later generations took him as an example, so they had the custom of enjoying chrysanthemums on Double Ninth Festival.

Chrysanthemum wine appeared in the Han Dynasty. Later, there were stories about sending chrysanthemums for birthday and picking chrysanthemums to brew wine. For example, Emperor Wei Wendi Cao Pi once sent chrysanthemums to Zhong You on the Double Ninth Festival (wishing him a long life), and Emperor Liang Jianwen's "Picking chrysanthemums in the basket, the morning dew is wet" is an example of picking chrysanthemums to make wine. Until the Ming and Qing Dynasties, chrysanthemum wine was still very popular, and it was still recorded in Gao Lian's Eight Chapters of Respect for Life in the Ming Dynasty. This is a popular health drink.

Peidogwood

The custom of inserting Evodia rutaecarpa was popular in ancient times, so it is also called Cornus Festival. Cornus officinalis is a kind of fruit that can be used as medicine. Because the quality of Cornus officinalis produced in Wuyuedi (now Jiangsu and Zhejiang) is the best, it is also called Evodia rutaecarpa. The ancients believed that climbing a mountain and inserting Evodia rutaecarpa on the Double Ninth Festival could repel insects, damp and pathogenic wind. So he put Cornus officinalis on his arm or in a sachet and on his head. Most of them are worn by women and children, and men in some places also wear them. As a medicine, Cornus officinalis can make wine, strengthen the body and get rid of diseases. Evodia rutaecarpa and chrysanthemum were very common in the Tang Dynasty. Cornus officinalis has a strong aroma, and has the functions of expelling parasites, removing dampness, expelling wind, promoting digestion and resolving food stagnation, and treating cold and heat. Ancient customs such as inserting dogwood are folk climbing to ward off wind and evil spirits. On the Double Ninth Festival, the clear sky rises and the polluted air sinks. People use natural medicine Cornus officinalis to adjust their health to adapt to the changes of natural climate.

Local custom

domestic

1999 Double Ninth Festival-Banquet and High Meeting

1999 Double Ninth Festival-Banquet and High Meeting

At the Double Ninth Festival in Guangzhou, Guangdong, people climb Baiyun Mountain to enjoy autumn fitness. Wuchuan Double Ninth Festival, a high-standard banquet, a banquet to respect the elderly. In Huaiji County, Chongyang is regarded as the moment of Yuan Di's enlightenment. Men, women and children all came out of the city, and they all used cannons to compete with God. Even on the Double Ninth Festival in Sichuan, boys and girls gather outside the city to sing songs for the citizens to watch. On the Double Ninth Festival in Yangjiang City, a paper kite with a rattan bow on it is very loud in mid-air.

In the customs of Hong Kong and Macao people, Qingming is "Spring Festival" and Chongyang is "Autumn Festival". The traditional custom of ancestor worship in Chongyang Mountain continues to this day. In Hong Kong and Macau, the ancient Double Ninth Festival has now evolved into a diversified festival.

On September 9, Longan County, Guangxi, let cattle and sheep feed on their own. As the saying goes, "on September 9, cattle and sheep will keep their food." Tomb-Sweeping Day is a spring festival, the Double Ninth Festival is an autumn festival, and worshipping mountains on Double Ninth Festival is one of the customs in Lingnan. The tradition of pursuing the distance carefully and thinking about the source has been passed down for thousands of years.

Flying kites in Haicheng County, Fujian Province on the Double Ninth Festival is called "Wind Chak". According to legend, the ninth day of September is the day when Mazu ascended to heaven. Many villagers went to the Tianhou Palace and the Palace Temple in Mazu Tempel or Meizhou Port to offer sacrifices and pray.

There are some customs in Hainan to celebrate the Double Ninth Festival, such as climbing high and looking far, inserting dogwood, sending "Double Ninth Cake", "driving away bobcats" and washing mugwort leaves with water.

On the Double Ninth Festival in Jiangsu, Nanjing people cut the five-color paper into an inclined plane and inserted it into the court as a flag. Eat a kind of pasta called "camel hoof" at the Double Ninth Festival in Changzhou County. Eat Chongyang cake and Jiupin soup in Wuxi Double Ninth Festival.

Double Ninth Festival

Double Ninth Festival

The Chrysanthemum Festival held in Shanghai Yuyuan Garden was judged by three grades: novelty, nobility and rarity. In recent years, Yangpu District of Shanghai has launched a series of activities of "Joy in Chongyang" to respect and love the elderly.

Zhejiang Shaoxing Double Ninth Festival visits each other. Tonglu county prepares pigs and sheep to bring their ancestors on September 9, which is called autumn festival. At the same time, zongzi are tied up and given to each other on the Double Ninth Festival, which is called Chongyang Zongzi.

On September 9, Huangling, Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province, held an autumn festival. The ancient Wuling village in Wuyuan still retains the good phenomenon of "autumn sun". In autumn, a large number of fresh vegetables and fruits need to be dried and stored, forming a spectacular scene.

Tongling County, Anhui Province takes the ninth Double Ninth Festival as the Dragon and Candle Festival to welcome the mountain gods. Chopping bamboo and horses for fun is said to drive away the plague. In recent years, Hefei Thermal Power has organized many condolence activities for the Double Ninth Festival.

In recent years, Kunming, Yunnan Province has held the theme activity "Our Festival Double Ninth Festival".

Wuchang County, Hubei Province, brewed wine at the Double Ninth Festival. It is said that the wine brewed here is the clearest and will not go bad after a long time. The Double Ninth Festival in Yingcheng County is a wishing day, and even every household worships the God of Fangshe Tianzu on this day.

On this day, scholars from Nanxi County, Sichuan Province gathered in the Censhan Building of Longteng Mountain to commemorate the poet Cen Can, which was called "Cen Hall". According to the old folk custom, glutinous rice should be used to steam wine before and after Chongyang to make mash. As the saying goes, "steamed wine on the Double Ninth Festival is sweet and delicious".

On September 9th in Xianghe County, Hebei Province, families with in-laws will give gifts to each other, which is called "chasing festivals". The sunny and rainy days in Yongping House will be dominated by Chongyang weather. If it rains on the Double Ninth Festival, it will rain these days. There are no mountains in Zhou Dian County, and there are more people climbing the stairs in the county than in the Double Ninth Festival.

Double Ninth Festival

Double Ninth Festival

People in the north of Changyi, Shandong eat spicy radish soup on the Double Ninth Festival. There is a proverb: "After drinking radish soup, the whole family is not bitter." Juancheng people call the Double Ninth Festival the birthday of the God of Wealth, and every household bakes cakes to offer sacrifices to the God of Wealth. Zou Ping offered a sacrifice to Fan Zhongyan in Chongyang. In the old days, dyeing houses and wineries also paid homage to the god of tanks on September 9. Tengzhou's daughter, who has been married for less than three years, avoids going back to her parents' home for the holidays. There is a saying that "if you go home to Chongyang, you will kill your mother-in-law."

In the vast rural areas of Shaanxi Province, during the Double Ninth Festival, green dogwood is planted in front of every household, and neighbors give gifts to each other. On the Double Ninth Festival in Xixiang County, relatives and friends presented chrysanthemums and chrysanthemum cakes. Scholars exchange poems and wine. It is said that women can learn from Cornus officinalis on this day, which can cure their distress.

Since ancient times, there has been a traditional habit of climbing mountains on September 9 in Jinnan, Shanxi. Appreciating great rivers and mountains and scenic spots and historic sites has become a major event of the festival. Today, famous sayings such as "Gan Kun will win, and our generation will climb the peak together", "The east wind can't stay, Ran Ran rises from the peak" and "New joy in September, agriculture, countryside and farmers celebrate autumn" are still being recited among the people.

In 20 10, the Chinese People's Association awarded Xixia County, Nanyang City as the "hometown of Chongyang culture in China", and established the only "China Chongyang Culture Research Center" in Xixia, where the "China Xixia Chongyang Culture Festival" was held every year on September 9th of the lunar calendar.

transmarine

In ancient Korea, South Korea called Chongyang Festival. Since the Silla era, there has been a custom of going upstairs to recite poems on this day. In Korea, the banquet on the ninth day of September has even become a national custom. Custom activities mainly include eating fried flowers, cauliflower, playing fried games and flying kites.

The Japanese Double Ninth Festival was introduced from China during the Heian period, and the princes and nobles of the Heian dynasty held a chrysanthemum banquet in the palace on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. Japanese people also put cotton cloth on chrysanthemums the night before the Double Ninth Festival, and wipe their bodies after being wet by dew on the Double Ninth Festival to pray for longevity. Custom activities mainly include eating eggplant and eating chestnut rice to sacrifice chrysanthemums.

San Francisco is a city where Chinese live. During the Double Ninth Festival, flower shops will sell all kinds of chrysanthemums, and some pastry shops will also sell double ninth cakes. Many China organizations hold banquets to respect the elderly, and some service centers for the elderly also have many volunteers to visit and help the elderly.

Literary narration

Famous poems

Traditional festivals have always been a supplement to traditional culture. Double Ninth Festival, because it is homophonic with "long-term", is the largest number in numbers and the noblest in numbers, which means long life. Besides, autumn is also the golden season of harvest in a year, and the Double Ninth Festival has far-reaching influence. People have always had special feelings for this festival. There are many excellent poems about the Double Ninth Festival and chanting chrysanthemums in the past dynasties.

Some famous poems

dynasty

Poetry name

author

the Tang Dynasty

On September 9, visit Xuanwu Mountain.

Lu (636-695)

Zhong Shu JIU ri

Wang Bo (649 or 650-676 or 675)

On Zhang's Autumn in Country-specific Mountains

Meng Haoran (689-740)

Guogurenzhuang

Meng Haoran (689-740)

Spread out completely

folk song

Many folk songs and sayings are about the 20-year-old festival, and the Double Ninth Festival is no exception. The following are songs and proverbs about the Double Ninth Festival, which reflect the custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine and flying kites on the Double Ninth Festival and the custom of divining the weather on the Double Ninth Festival.

Double Ninth Festival

Double Ninth Festival

Chrysanthemum yellow, yellow seeds are strong; Chrysanthemum fragrance, yellow; On September 9, drinking chrysanthemum wine makes people drunk, which is the Double Ninth Festival.

On September 9, it was Chongyang; Put paper harrier, line length.

In August, my brother sent cakes to Mid-Autumn Festival, and in September, my sister sent shoes to Chongyang. (Mulao nationality)

Double Ninth Festival, climb harder. After all, every year, what is the credit? Although the scenery is picturesque and the air is crisp in autumn, it is good to swim and be scared. If you want to do it, you must yearn for the Double Ninth Festival and know how to be coquettish. If you dare to speak, you can avoid disaster. It is never too early. It means that you are single, so try to stay. Telling a whole book will never get old. The situation is only a trace of the past, and once again it is a matter of mentality. Since you didn't know yesterday, I don't blame you for doing so. Alas! If you are afraid of your steps, why bother? Don't sit still and wait, think about it, it is as profitable to scare the edge.

On September 9, everyone went to climb the mountain, and you were a little boy. You walked noisily. Put up a paper harrier and dance at a height, help Han Sheng make a sound (the sound of a bow) and arouse a coward. It is always necessary to work hard in every place. Although it has prestige, it is a pity that it is fledgling, and it is afraid of slipping and hating forever. I estimate that a rope can bind the sky, not only to save a guy from disaster, but also to save him from the edge. Alas! It's hard to care about your life experience, but I just hope that God will be merciful and give you some credit.

Myths and legends

A record of continuous harmony:

Like most traditional festivals, the Double Ninth Festival is regarded as the "origin" of climbing custom by a myth and legend attached to the meeting. This legend can be found in the mythical novel "The Peace of Qi Xu" written by Wu Jun in the Liang Dynasty: Runan Huanjing and Fei Changfang traveled together for many years, and Changfang said, "On September 9th, there will be disaster in your home. It is advisable to leave in a hurry and let the family make their own crimson bags, hold dogwood, tie their arms, and climb high to drink chrysanthemum wine. This disaster can be eliminated. " Picturesque scenery, family climbing mountains. The same is true at night, when chickens, dogs, cattle and sheep suddenly die. The eldest room listened: "This can be exchanged." Today, people climb mountains and drink on the 9th, and women take the bag of Cornus officinalis, so the cover begins here.

Folk Evolution Edition: According to legend, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a plague demon in Ruhe River. As soon as it appeared, people in every household fell ill and died every day, and people in this area were tortured by plague demons. A plague claimed the lives of young Huan Jing's parents, and he almost died of illness himself. After he recovered from his illness, he bid farewell to his beloved wife and fellow villagers and decided to go out to study in immortals to rid the people of the plague. Huan Jing visited the world famous scholars everywhere, and finally found that there is an oldest mountain in the East with a magical fairy on it. Huan Jing braved hardships and traveled long distances, and finally found the mountains and immortals under the guidance of the crane. On this day, the immortal called Huan Jing to his side and said, "Tomorrow is the ninth day of September, and the god of plague will come out to do evil again. When you learn the skill, you should go back and kill the people. " Xianchang gave him a pack of dogwood leaves and a cup of chrysanthemum wine, and secretly taught him how to ward off evil spirits and let him ride a crane home. Huanjing returned to his hometown. On the morning of the ninth day of September, according to the fairy's instructions, he led the villagers to a nearby mountain and gave everyone a dogwood leaf and a cup of chrysanthemum wine to prepare for subduing the evil spirits. At noon, with several strange calls, Mo Wen rushed out of the Ruhe River, but just as Mo Wen jumped down the mountain, he suddenly smelled the strange fragrance of Cornus officinalis and the alcohol smell of Chrysanthemum, and his face suddenly changed. At that time, Huan Jing chased Mo Wen down the mountain with a demon sword in his hand, and stabbed him to death in a few rounds. Later, people regarded climbing on the Double Ninth Festival as an activity to avoid disaster.

Obviously, this story is "pure fiction", just an absurd legend attached to it. In the historical development and evolution, most traditional festivals originated from the "legends" in the attached meetings. After practical investigation, these "stories and legends" were born much later than festivals, which is the result of substitution by later generations.

Folklore:

Climbing to find nine calamus: According to legend, the custom of climbing on the Double Ninth Festival began when Qin Shihuang ordered Zheng An, a warlock, to go to Lingnan to find the elixir of life. When Zheng An found Jiucalamus in Baiyun Mountain, he unfortunately fell off a cliff and was hoisted by a crane.

Climbing the mountain brings back the fire of thunder and lightning: the ancients thought that the mountains were shrouded in clouds and lived with dragons calling for thunder and lightning. Moreover, lightning in the mountains can bring kindling, and you can make a fire to eat cooked food with foul smell.