Entering the Capital —— Appreciation of Li Hongzhang's Original Poems

Li Hongzhang of Qing Dynasty

one

The husband only holds Wu Gou, whose spirit is higher than 100 feet. Who has written a history of 10,000 years, and wants to seal the Hou 3,000 miles away?

I will definitely follow my footsteps, and there will be seagulls chasing water in leisure. How many people have been to Yingzhou since the smiling moon near Lugou Bridge?

Secondly,

Trapped in the world of mortals for many years, regret for twenty years; The clues left the group to rest, and Yan Ci's old base was renewed.

Make friends with celebrities at home and visit people in Beijing; That is, if you can seek benefits, Hu is a depressed old man!

third

The yellow river is in the sky, look down at a little smoke; The bigger the place, the better. It's not a good mountain to travel far away.

When Lu Ji entered Romania, his reputation was greatly improved, and Su Shi was determined to travel far. Thank you very much for your poverty. I have been sitting on my legacy for the rest of my life.

Fourth.

Looking back, I turned to dust. I am east, west, north and south; I had three dreams under the white sky, and the blue was reduced to ten years.

When the poor live a life without divination, when wealth is to help the poor; The battle for fame and fortune has passed for a long time, and it is still an old Confucian towel.

Fifth.

Squeezed like lice, I want to go to Longmen by spring wave; Many colleagues feel sorry for Cody, who has paid for water over the years.

The word fame and blood has long been known; Touch the phoenix at night, remember the autumn wind and wipe your tears.

Sixth.

There are white clouds on the Sanggan River, but the parents' hostel in Hebei is a Ma Pingchuan. Looking back, I studied hard in class, but I haven't become famous yet.

In six years, Guanhai held a clean and honest festival, and thousands of letters from home promoted a long journey; Until the spring flowers open in the morning, the blackbirds on the earth comforted it.

Seventh.

Handan woke up late with a pillow, although Peng Ying thought far; When will you enter Fengchi after you reach the top of Aoding Mountain?

Poetry and wine are not learned by celebrities, and officials must be called teenagers; Bridget Jinma is always looking for something in common and always wants to get lucky.

Eighth.

A shoulder bag, a purse, a poem and a book are fascinating; Sail shadow wave marks Huai Pu Yue, horseshoe-colored thistle door cream.

The old friend * * * gave Wang Xiangjian, and Jing lesbians held a Lu Jia costume; Living in Chang 'an is not easy to lose face. It's tiring to teach your forefinger.

Qijiu

Acura slowly left the feast and bid farewell to relatives and friends; I'm here to teach you how to grind iron and ink stones, and then I hope to insert golden lotus.

That is, today's pavilions only take one day, which is the year when my articles serve the country; It hasn't changed in the mirror, and it shouldn't have a long history.

tenth

As soon as I entered Doumen, I got home. I recruited people to go north and set out west. Huaiting went to the Ming Sutra, and Guiyuan was still empty and full of flowers.

Enemies in the world accept daggers, and human feelings are warm and cold. If there is no tomorrow, I will never go back to my hometown.

Creation background

Twenty-three years of Qing Daoguang (1843), Li Hongzhang 2 1 year old. This year, he was elected as Yougong, and was ordered by his father Li Wenan to go to Beijing from his hometown, Anhui, in order to take the rural examination in Shuntian the next year. When Li Hongzhang went to Beijing, he wrote ten poems entitled "Going to Beijing".

Distinguish and appreciate

First song

Hooks and weapons are shaped like swords and are curved. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu was good at casting hooks, hence the name "Wu". The ancients praised the battlefield and said this thing every time. Gong Li is a scholar, and those who want to make contributions on the battlefield cover up the compensation for the land ceded in the Opium War, which is a national shame and has a sense of stagnation. After Gong Li became an official, he established a navy, promoted westernization and sought investment. Most of his life's work was to "win Wu Gou" and mediate with outsiders. Moreover, "Wu Gou" with sharp weapons can also be said to be brilliant. "Hundred Feet Building" uses the words of the Three Kingdoms Chen. Xu Li tried to meet Chen Deng, but Chen Deng didn't talk to each other. He went to bed and asked Xu Li to get out of bed. Liu Bei said that Xu Bi: "There is great chaos in today's world, and the emperor is out of position ... You ask for fields and homes, which is a taboo of Longyuan religion." He also said that Chen Deng was "a hundred feet upstairs and a hundred feet on the ground. Why is it evil between getting on and off the bed?" Gong Li quoted this matter, saying that he was asking for an official, not for himself. "Spirit is higher than a hundred feet" means that his ambition to govern the country is better than Chen Deng's. The sentence "Who wrote history in the past 10,000 years" is answered by a question, which means that you can "write history". The history written is not a hundred years or a thousand years, but a famous one in September! "Seal Hou 3,000 miles away" refers to one's own merits, aiming at surrendering foreigners 3,000 miles away. "Follow the Road" means to follow Ban Junyi, one of the provincial exams, and "Be sure to be quick" means to get on the board first. Chasing gulls casually, teasing gulls with Liezi Huangdi. It is said that we should work hard, have no leisure, and never learn from the people on the sea. "Lugou Bridge" is in the southwest of Kyoto, and it is also the main road of Kyoto. The so-called "Lugouqiao Road" refers to the road for Gong Li to enter the capital. Yingzhou, the legendary fairy mountain. According to "The Biography of Chu and Liang in the New Tang Dynasty", in order to recruit talented people, Emperor Taizong set up a literary museum and appointed 18 civil servants as bachelor's degrees in the museum. On idle days, the emperor visited the museum to discuss the classics; He was also ordered to paint a portrait of a bachelor with a title in Li Jue, which was admired by people at that time. The museum was called "Deng Yingzhou". The sentence "someone" is actually a statement to oneself, which means that a person's entry will definitely win the honor admired by literati.

In addition to self-confidence, this poem is also full of heroism, which means that the world is public, and the history of the late Qing Dynasty is exclusive. Of these ten poems, this one is the most praised by the world. The first two couplets are about the poet's life. Run the center of the late Qing Dynasty, integrate European and American exchanges, and be the "first hand" of Gong Li. The couplet is the eye of the poem, which makes it have the charm of the poet and profound meaning. The word "laughing finger" contains but does not show; "A few people" at such a time, confident but not unassuming.

The second song

Yes, so is the manager. "The Biography of Li Han Xun": "The horse does not lie down. Can't take the path; Scholars can't read and can't focus on the country. " That sentence means that I have been at home for many years and have been educated and supported. "The world of mortals" is what Taoism calls the world. Those who "go to the world of mortals" say that it is time to go to society today. "Little Lantern" refers to the short time in the world. The book "Zhuangzi Know the North Tour" writes: "If life is between heaven and earth, it will be too long." In other words, in the past 20 years, I have been lazy from time to time, and I regret it here. "The horse leaves the league, the love stack, Yan Ci's old base is more innovative", which means "leaving the league" and "exploring the new". Since you can't be attached to your hometown, you should join the WTO.

After the next two contacts enter the capital, you should make more handsome men and visit more people with connections, so as to gain your foundation. "Hu Weiwei" is a cloud. The meaning of the sentence seems to be asking, but it is particularly strongly negating, saying that he will never be depressed and tied up, and he will waste his life.

The purpose of this poem is to enter Beijing, get out of the group and make new plans; The first thing to invest is to settle accounts and seek benefits.

The third song

On the way to Beijing, we must cross the Yellow River, climb Mount Tai, which is connected with the sky, overlook the Middle Earth and broaden our horizons. It's half the reason to say that you left your hometown and went far away. In the last years of Taikang, Lu Ji and his younger brother entered Romania from Wujun, creating an ordinary Zhang Hua, who was amazed at first sight, and later became famous, recommended, and famous in the capital. In the Song Dynasty, Su Zhe and his brother Su Shi Jiayou went to Beijing from Sichuan in the first year, and they were both scholars the next year. Jiayou worked in the same department for six years. After the scholars in central Zhejiang, there was a book by Han Taiwei, a member of Shangshumi. I want to pay homage to Qiu, in order to raise the spirit of integrity. Both "entering Romania" and "visiting" are in the capital, and the poem is quoted here, which means that you should be like yourself. "Thank you" is also a warm greeting. "Uh-huh", the sound of reading is also. The meaning of that sentence seems to be sympathy for those who are poor in classics and unknown, but in fact it means that they will never leave this road again.

This poem begins with a panoramic view of the beautiful mountains and rivers on the way to the capital, followed by Lu Ji and Su Zhe's self-encouragement, confident that entering Beijing will wither and prosper.

The fourth song

"The past is like smoke" means that the past is like smoke; "East, West, North and South" says that you should regard the world as your home. The Book of Rites on Bows contains the words of Confucius: "People in this hill are also from east to west, north and south." Gong Li said that he should do the same thing for himself. He was born for his country, died for his nation and died for his society. He is not himself, but the whole life, country, nation and society. Nanjing Baixia is another name. The blue shirts are provided by the students. I feel lost in the past, but I haven't achieved it for a long time. 18 years old, I am a Chinese scholar. This is a pity for Gong Li.

"Poverty begets life", which is Confucianism. Gong Li was convinced that there was no need for divination; As for when wealth can help the poor, it is a matter of heaven. For a long time, he has been fighting for the reputation of a scholar, but he is still an old Confucian towel, which shows that he is still the same.

Although this poem regrets the past and is full of generosity, self-confidence is fate.

The fifth song

The sentence "The lice are in the place" in Ruan Ji's Biography of Mr. Adult said: "My husband lice in it, escaped from a deep crack, and hid evil birds, thinking that he was a happy house. I dare not leave the seam and dare not move my crotch, thinking that I will get rope ink. " "However, if the fire burns, it will destroy the capital, and the lice will die in the crotch and can't get out." There is nothing wrong with your husband's lice in your gentleman's area! "This sentence is a poem, saying that the past has come to the world, such as lice, and poverty is born." "Longmen" and "Collection of Literature and Art" quoted Xin's "Three" as saying that the fish jumps over the Longmen, and "the top is the dragon". Later, Chinese style will be used as a Longmen test in the imperial examination. That sentence means that I will take part in the Shuntian rural examination next year and jump out of the scholar's clothes. "Many colleagues admire Cody and have been chasing water sources since the New Year. "The cloud says that many peers show off in the imperial examination, but they have passed their youth for a leap and started chasing water sources.

Seeking this leap is because "fame" frequently adds blood to Li Gongzhi. "I know I have a special grace for half my life" is like saying that I have tasted this grace in my past. If "half-life" is interpreted as the second half-life, this sentence is also confident, saying that the second half-life will be known by the emperor. Gong Li fell behind the others at this time. Why did he have such confident language? Did he tell you? "Touch", feeling also. Smell the chicken with Zu Ti. According to the biography of Zu Ti in the Book of Jin, Zu Ti had an affair with Liu Kunshan. "When I heard the rooster crow in the middle of the night, I realized,' This is not a bad voice.' For dancing. "The meaning of that sentence is that if you are ambitious, you will feel something every time and do your best. Those who "remember the autumn wind to wipe away tears" said that they had the pain of losing the autumn exam in the past.

This poem is about the ups and downs of pursuing fame and gain. The purpose of Shen Yan's coming to Beijing is to pass the provincial examination and reach the ears of Longmen.

song 6

Sanggan River, the name of the water outside Kyoto. White clouds, with di. "Biography of De Renjie in Old Tang Dynasty" contains: Dundee Taihang, "Seeing Baiyun flying south alone, he said,' Relatives live under this cloud'." Looking forward to standing for a long time, the clouds are moving. "At that time, Li Gongfu was in Kyoto, serving as a doctor of punishments and registering the suggestion. That sentence means that parents live in the suburbs of Beijing, and those who can do their best can only wish them peace. Gong Li's father took the library as his profession before taking the imperial examination. Gong Li entered Dihua Bookstore at the age of six and accepted his father's guidance. Therefore, there is a saying in the poem, "Looking back, study hard and study hard". "Cheating is not yet famous" means that you have a negative father education and are not yet famous.

In the eighteenth year of Daoguang, that is, Gregorian calendar 1838, Li Gongfu was a scholar and embarked on his official career. In the official sea, he has adhered to chastity for six years. "Six-year career", that's all. "A thousand letters from home promote Wan Li Road", which means that it is my father's letter that goes to Beijing. "Spring blossoms" refers to the Chinese style of the imperial examination; "Blackbird Incident", in Chen Qingbiao described by Shi Mi. It is said that if Shuntian Township tries Chinese style, it can comfort its parents and repay their kindness in raising them.

This poem praises the kindness of parents, and self-confidence will live up to expectations.

The seventh song

Handan Ji is a classic novel Pillow Story written by Shen Jiji in Tang Dynasty. On the way to Handan, Lu Sheng met Lu Weng, a Taoist priest, and put the pillow given by Lu Weng into the pillow. He was rich and prosperous, and he didn't know his dream until he woke up. The so-called "waking up late" in the poem often means that the words are still there without waking up, in the name of meritorious service; However, the world is like a dream, and Gong Li is an active participant in the WTO. Therefore, Gong Li's "getting up late" should not be interpreted as anything else, which means enjoying prosperity for a long time. "Peng Ying", Penglai and Yingzhou, the legendary fairy mountain, are a special privilege. "Thinking of others" means caring about your own thoughts. "Climbing to the top" can be interpreted as taking the lead and winning the first prize, or taking the lead and joining the Hanlin Academy. You won the first prize when you built the imperial examination, and then you stood on the stone steps engraved with giant aojiang to meet the entrance examination list; The bachelor of Hanlin Academy stood on the stone steps engraved with giant aojiang and appeared in front of the emperor. "Fengchi", that is, Fengchi, is not only used as the reputation of a province in China's books, but also as a metaphor for the post of prime minister. If you have joined the WTO, you should aspire to become famous, win the first prize and join the Hanlin Academy. Even if you enter the Chinese department, you will be confident that it will have its own day.

The custom that a celebrity likes poetry and drinks has never changed, so he uses Yu Xiangrui. The biography of Wang Bao in Hanshu contains the message that "Yizhou has golden horses and blue chickens, which can be sacrificed to you, and the Xuandi order praises you". There is a saying that life is blessed and auspicious, and so is Li Gongyi.

This poem expresses ambition, self-confidence helps, and career is prosperous.

The eighth song

"Yin Capsule", poetry capsule also, with Tang. Li Shangyin's Biography of Li Changji congratulated him on coming out of the mountain. "Heng has been a slave since he was a child, riding a donkey and carrying an old broken toolkit. If he has any income, he will throw books into his bag." When you enter the capital, you have a set of luggage and poems. To check the books you need to bring, you are not ecstatic to go to Beijing. The journey is day and night. I took a boat on the Huaihe River on a moonlit night and rode a horse on Jiyu Mountain outside Deshengmen in Beijing on a frosty morning. For my trip, my old friend gave me a present and my wife entertained me. Those who are ashamed of this, Kyoto is expensive and their livelihood still depends on their parents. It's easy to use Tang Baiju in Chang 'an. The new Biography of Bai Juyi said that Bai Juyi visited China and Gu Kuang. Gu said, "Everything in Chang 'an is expensive, but it is not easy to live in a big place." "forefinger" means living at home.

What this poem needs to describe is the flaw in the quotation of the neckline. "Pure kernel wheat" is a matter for Fan Chunren in Song Dynasty. Fan was ordered by his father Fan Zhongyan to transport wheat from Suzhou to Danyang by boat. In the event of an old man's stone funeral, he helped his coffin to return to China, and there was no money on the way, so he sent it by boat. A book called Pure Benevolence Wheat is called Wang Xiangjian, and Wang Xiangjian is a matter of Jin. Book of Jin&; S226 Legend of the King, etc. Lu Qian, the secretariat, has a sword, and he thinks he will be appointed to the three fairs, so he can take this sword. Lu said, "It's not a man, it's not a knife or harm." It's a gift for the king. Wang Peizhi, the consequences are fair. Gong Li is hard to choose between the two codes, so there are different versions. The wheat and sword mentioned in these two things are not unreasonable, but the pure kernel wheat is for bereavement, and Gong Li went to Beijing to catch up with his parents. Can Hu give and take this unlucky thing? Wang Xiangjian's "* * * gift" is also very different.

"Jingfu" is a courtesy name of his wife. "Lujiazhuang" uses Jia's things. Historical records &; S226 According to Lu Jia Biography, Lu Jia was ill at home, so he sold the money he earned to his sons, thinking that his descendants would make a living from it. The meaning of the sentence is to borrow the property of a room given to them by their parents, which obviously has a big problem: Gong Li's father was not ill while he was away. Besides, Lu Jia's family avoids Zhu Lu, which involves state affairs. Why not be taboo?

What this poem says is that you need the support of your parents to pack your bags, go to relatives and friends, and make a living in Beijing.

The ninth song

Elegy, farewell song. The Book of Songs contains an escape poem, Li Ju, which is regarded as a farewell work. "Slow" is reluctant. Farewell to relatives and friends, inseparable. Grinding Iron and Inkstone is written by Sang Han Wei of the Five Dynasties. According to the book History of the New Five Dynasties, it was said that the director hated the homonym of "mulberry" and "mourning" and advised mulberry not to learn. Sang Nai showed his cast iron inkstone to people and said, "If the inkstone is broken, change the official." A pawn is a scholar and. Removing Jin Ping Mei was written by Tang Linghu and Song Sushi. According to the legend of two people, Mao and Shi were forbidden at night, and Emperor Taizong tasted the golden lotus torch and sent it back; Song emperor tasted "the golden lotus candle in front of the palace que was sent back to the hospital." Say that you have entered the capital, establish the ambition of Sang Hanwei, and swear to take the Jinshi; When you return to your hometown, you can ask the emperor to send you a golden lotus torch and a golden lotus candle. Pavilion, the name of imperial academy. There are few people here now, which is the time when my article can serve the country. "Lan", holding it; "Cang Cang", dark black; "Wandering", sleepy. They all say that fashion is young and won't last long.

This poem says goodbye, States wishes, vows, and is confident to serve the country with articles.

The tenth song

My parents live in Beijing and can visit when they enter Beijing, so the cloud is "home". "Recruiting people in the north, the sun shines in the west" means entering Beijing from Anhui, which is also in the afternoon. "Huaitang", Shen Kuo's "Meng Qian Bi Tan". The story 1 says, "The third hall of the bachelor's college ... there is a huge pagoda at present, which is called the Pagoda Hall. There are as many old people living in this combination as they are. " "Ming Jing", Gong Sheng. "False attachment" is a self-deprecating remark. "Guiyuan", the imperial examination room. That sentence is that you entered the exam with excellent tribute, and the Chinese seat won the laurel position, waiting for yourself.

Dagger, dagger or something. Human grudges can be forgotten with a smile, so why use a dagger? Therefore, "receiving"; "Cage Yarn" broadcasts the story with the king. According to the Five Dynasties Wang Dingbao's "Tang Yan Yan" for seven years, the king of Tang scattered loneliness and poverty, tasted Yangzhou Temple, and ate with monks. Monks hate it and often ring the bell after supper. The meal was over when the king's broadcast bell rang and left. In the second century AD, Wang Bo walked out of Yangzhou with a heavy position and saw the works carved on the temple wall in the past, all of which were caged in green sand. Wang Bo knows that the world is cold. "The horse is high and the car is high", and all rich people have it. At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, he went to Chang 'an and tasted the post of the bridge. He said, "If you don't take the high-speed train, you can cross this bridge again." William said that he entered the capital this time and vowed to have a prominent career, otherwise he would never return to his hometown in Anhui.

This poem focuses on swearing, which is more reasonable from the perspective of "human feelings are warm and cold".