How much do you know about calligraphy?

Dear students, you all want to write beautiful handwriting. Perhaps, there are still many students who want to write beautiful handwriting.

Be a calligrapher! However, people often have different views on what calligraphy is.

Some people regard calligraphy as too simple, thinking that calligraphy is writing, and people who write well can do it.

He is a calligrapher. Some people make calligraphy too mysterious and think that the art of calligraphy is unattainable.

Dharma is amazing. Neither view is comprehensive enough. So what is "calligraphy"?

Let's first look at the word "book". In the past, the word "book" was written as "■".

"Yu" is the combination of the following "Yue" and "Yu". "Yu" means pen in ancient times, which means seal script.

"■" is like a person holding a writing tool in his right hand. "Yue" in ancient Chinese means to say, so it is "metaphor"

"Yue" and "Yue" together mean that people speak with a pen, which means writing. The "method" of calligraphy.

Character is "method" and "rule". So "calligraphy" originally refers to the method of writing.

Writing rules refer to people writing. However, with the continuous development of society, it is different in our country.

In the historical period, different calligraphy styles were produced and used, such as seal script, official script, cursive script, regular script and running script.

Books, etc. Through the unremitting efforts of calligraphers of past dynasties, China's calligraphy has gained great beauty in China.

Learning value. Calligraphers use a brush, a special writing tool, to dip ink on rice paper according to Chinese characters.

The characteristics of modeling, through artistic conception, are written into calligraphy works and mounted (such as nave, banners, etc. )

In the future, it can be hung in the room for people to enjoy and give people a beautiful enjoyment. So "calligraphy" developed to

Today, it has become a special term, that is, it refers to what is unique to our motherland and has the most national characteristics.

The long history of color and calligraphy.

Students often hear the word "calligraphy" reversed and call it "calligraphy".

What does this mean? What's the difference between it and calligraphy? Usually people put a good calligraphy work (such as a book)

The "calligraphy" or "main hall" written by legalists is called "calligraphy" and praised for its high artistry.

Therefore, people often refer to good copybooks as "Fa Tie" (such as the methods of Sanxi Hall, Fa Tie and Wang Xizhi).

So we say that "calligraphy" refers to the general term of calligraphy art, while "calligraphy" refers to concrete.

Calligraphy works.

Second, why do you want to learn calligraphy

There are so many people who love China's calligraphy, study it, study it, because it is not only art,

But also has wide practicability.

From an artistic point of view, calligraphy has its own artistic rules, which are different from ordinary writing.

Generally speaking, writing only requires correctness, neatness, clarity and no mistakes in application. And books

In addition to this practicality, the art of law should make better use of "law"-the artistic law and expression of calligraphy.

Means, pay attention to the creation of formal beauty, pursue the elegance of content, the change of pen, the arrangement of fonts and

The layout of the whole article and so on. This requires us to study and study it.

Starting from reality, we are also required to learn calligraphy well. This is because calligraphy is the source.

For words. Only with words can we talk about calligraphy. Without words, calligraphy would not exist.

As we all know, writing and language are also used by people to express their feelings, exchange ideas and spread.

A tool of culture. The difference is that language is limited by time and space, while writing is not limited by time and space.

For example, we can't hear what the ancients said today, but if the ancients wrote down what they wanted to say.

Since it was written, we have seen it as if we had heard the ancients speak. For example, Party A and Party B look at each other.

Far away, people in a place can't hear what they say. If people in a place want to say something, write it in a book.

When the letter is sent to the second place, the people in the second place can know what the people in the first place will say after receiving the letter.

It plays an extremely important role in people's lives. Because people want to write letters often, they hope.

Well written. The content of an article is good, but the book is in a mess, and the font is crazy and difficult to recognize.

It makes people look hard and easy to make mistakes; On the contrary, if the article is not only good in content, but also

The handwriting is also beautiful, which makes others feel comfortable to read and can accurately and quickly understand what they have written.

We can also appreciate the art of calligraphy, isn't it better? Therefore, no matter what work we do in the future

If you study any subject, you should write well and spend some time learning calligraphy.

Iii. Introduction to various books

Calligraphy is a unique artistic treasure of our great motherland. It has a long history. Our ancestors

First of all, in different historical periods, different characters were created and used, such as seal script and official script.

Books, regular script, running script, cursive script and so on. At the same time, many excellent calligraphers appeared. their

Different styles have produced different genres, and the excellent works are like forests, leaving us a lot.

Rich and precious artistic heritage-all kinds of monuments, stickers and calligraphy ink for us to learn and appreciate. Below.

Here is a brief introduction to the origin of various calligraphy styles.

oracle bone script

About the origin of calligraphy art, most people talk about Wen Tao and Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Because of the pottery age,

It's been too long now, and judging from the published data, the pottery characters have not yet formed a system.

I won't introduce it here. The main words here are Oracle bones. /kloc-at the end of 0/9th century, in Henan.

Many tortoise shells and animal bones were unearthed in Xiaotun Village, Yang County (the site of the ancient capital of Yin and Shang Dynasties), which were engraved with words.

This is Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Textual research by archaeologists and philologists proves that it was written in the late Yin Dynasty (that is, from the Yin King).

Pan Geng moved to Yin until Yin died in 273), the writing of the divination notes of the Yin royal family, namely Oracle Bone Inscriptions.

Divination is a superstitious activity that the ancients wanted to predict "bad luck" before doing something. After divination, they are over.

If recorded, it is Oracle Bone Inscriptions). These words are carved on the bones of tortoise shells, and the strokes are thin and straight.

Show your edge and turn to the other side. (See attachment (1)) Among the Chinese characters you see today, Oracle Bone Inscriptions is the most.

Ancient writing.

inscriptions on ancient bronze objects

Bronze inscriptions, also known as Zhong Dingwen, mainly refer to inscriptions carved or cast on bronzes from the early Shang Dynasty to the Western Zhou Dynasty.

Inscription Bronze inscriptions in the late Shang Dynasty and early Zhou Dynasty have dignified fonts and neat strokes, with vertical lines but no horizontal lines.

For example, Greater Yu Ding (see Annex (2)). In the prosperous and late Western Zhou Dynasty, bronzes became more and more exquisite.

Also more mature, the strokes become square, the structure is more compact and straight, and the vertical lines are horizontal.

For example, random disks (see attachment (2)) and gross disks (see attachment (1)).

Shi Guwen (see Annex 3).

In the early years of the Tang Dynasty, drum-shaped stone piers the size of ten small round tables were discovered in Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province.

People call them Shi Guwen, which is engraved with words and is now in the Palace Museum. They are carved on each stone drum.

There is a four-character poem. The words on the stone drum are the earliest words we can see now.

Archaeologists believe that these stone drums were the products of Qin from the late Spring and Autumn Period to the early Warring States Period.

Shi Guwen, with round and solemn strokes, well-proportioned fonts and certain regularity, is the unification of the Qin Dynasty.

Writing laid the foundation.

lesser/small seal character

Xiao Zhuan is also called Qin Zhuan. In 22 1 year BC, Qin Shihuang unified China. In order to consolidate political power, promulgated.

In order to develop economy and culture, the Qin Dynasty adopted a series of measures, one of which was to require "all books should be in the same language".

Various synonymous variants and traditional Chinese characters used when abolishing the Six Kingdoms are defined as corpuscles.

Seal script is a unified national standard font. From the calligraphy point of view, its strokes are basically uniform and round.

Run, much like a sword (ZH, chopsticks), so it is also called "Biography of Jade Sword". The font is slightly longer, pay attention to balance.

Symmetry. For example, the stone carvings on Mount Taishan and Mount Langya (see Annex (4)) are said to have been made by Li Si, the prime minister of Qin Dynasty.

It's written

official script

During the period when seal script was popular, there was also a kind of script called "official script" which was popular among the people.

A jailer named Cheng Miao further simplified, standardized and rounded the popular hasty seal script.

Square, change the curve into a straight line to speed up the writing and form a new writing style. At that time, the "apprentice" class

Small officials also like to use this font when writing official documents, so it is called "official script". We can see the official script.

There are many kinds of books. The official script of Qin and the early Western Han Dynasty is similar to seal script, also known as ancient Chinese characters. By the late Western Han Dynasty,

Even in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the official script gradually matured, forming a word potential that was opposite to each other, and there were waves on the pen.

Li Shu was widely used and developed in the Han Dynasty, so it was often called Li Shu.

They are called "Han Li", such as Ode to Shimen (see Annex (5)), Yingbei (see Annex (6)) and Cao Quanbei.

(see Annex (7)), Sacrificial Monument (see Annex (8)), Zhang Qianbei (see Annex (10)), etc.

Cao Zhang

Cursive writing refers to simple and hasty writing, so in a broad sense, no matter what font

It has its own grass. In a large number of unearthed bamboo slips of the Han Dynasty, we can see a large number of simplified characters.

Scribbled official script is called Cao Li. During the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period, there appeared the writing mode of learning from Cao Li.

This "emergency seal" (see Annex 9). Emperor Zhang Han liked Du Du's cursive script very much.

He was allowed to write the memorial in grass. Later, people called this standard cursive script "Cao Zhang".

It can be said that Cao Zhang is a simplified official script.

Keshu

During the Three Kingdoms period, another great change took place in Chinese characters themselves, that is, regular script gradually came into being.

In the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty, the official script has been standardized and finalized, and the official Han Li is still difficult to write. Since the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty,

The process of simplification of Chinese characters began, and "side" (point), "left" (long left) and "horizontal" appeared in calligraphy and painting.

(; T √ is a hook), "peck" (short stroke) and so on. , so that Chinese characters gradually form squares and strokes.

Simply light the new style-regular script. Regular script is also called official script and true script. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, North and South.

From the dynasty to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it gradually developed and improved, and it has been used to this day. Usually people often say "Weibei" and "Tang monument"

All belong to the category of regular script. Wei Bei's representative works are: Monument to Zheng Wengong (see Annex (1 1)) and Seimi Zhang.

Dragon Monument (see annex (12)), Longmen Twenty Products (see annex (13)), etc. The representative works of Tang steles are:

Inscription of Jiuchenggong Liquan by Ou Yangxun (see Annex (15)), Huadu Temple and Dover Pagoda by Yan Zhenqing.

Monument (see annex (14)), diligent monument, Liu Gongquan's mysterious pagoda monument (see annex (16)), God

Zejun films, etc.

modern cursive hand

The so-called "modern grass" is relative to "Cao Zhang". It keeps the structure of Cao Zhang simple.

Characteristics, and increased the hook and turning point when using the pen, so that the words are written smoothly and continuously. If Cao Zhang is

The cursive shorthand of official script, then this cursive script is the cursive shorthand of regular script. The more famous posts are: Wang Xizhi's.

Seventeen posts, Sun Shupu (see Annex (18)), etc. There are "big grass" and "crazy" in this grass.

Grass ",such as Zhang Xu's four poems and Huai Su's autobiographical notes (see annex (17)).

Shu Hang

Running script is a writing style between regular script and cursive script. It originated in the later Han Dynasty and was first written in lines.

The famous calligrapher is Liu Desheng of the later Han Dynasty. Running script is a simple writing method of regular script, which is not as formal as regular script.

It is not as difficult to read as cursive script, so it looks beautiful and generous, and it is most popular with the masses. Running the script is

One of the most widely circulated and widely used calligraphy styles, one of which is called "running script"; Jiaocao

And the meaning of grass is called "walking grass" The Preface to Lanting written by Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, is very famous.

Run the script post (see attachment (19)).

Fourth, how to learn calligraphy

There are many ways to learn calligraphy, as long as the method is correct and persistent.

In order to achieve the goal. For example, Zhang Zhi, a great calligrapher in the Eastern Han Dynasty, especially loved calligraphy when he was young.

He writes all day. There is a small pool in his back garden. He uses it after practice every day.

Wash the pen and inkstone. Over time, the water in the pool turns black and becomes the same color as the ink.

Zhang Zhi's persistent learning spirit has made great achievements in calligraphy art, and he is learning Zhang.

On the basis of "grass", he created the calligraphy style of "modern grass" and made great contributions to the development of cursive fonts in China.

Great contribution, so people respectfully call him "the sage of grass". Moreover, people all use the phrase "study at school, and the water is used up".

The sentence "black" praised Zhang Zhi's hard-working spirit, and also called practicing calligraphy "Linchi". Therefore,

When we study calligraphy, we should also learn from Zhang Zhi's persistent and hard-working spirit.

To learn any art, the first problem is to grasp the training of basic skills. Whether it is the art of calligraphy,

Or general writing, basic training is to solve the problem of writers' writing ability.

The strength of writing ability is closely related to the quality of writing methods. Therefore, learning calligraphy must start with basic methods.

Method. Below, we will introduce several ways to learn calligraphy.

Writing and practice of hard pen characters

Hard pens mainly refer to pencils, pens, ballpoint pens, etc. Because these pens are easy to carry and write.

Convenient, so it is the most widely used writing tool at present. Taking notes and writing articles are indispensable.

Students, it should be said that hard pen writing is still based on application at present. Usually people write applications.

At the same time, it will also produce aesthetic psychology, hoping that the words written will be beautiful and durable, and because no matter

No matter what pen you write, the structure of Chinese characters is the same First, practice hard pen writing (pencils, pens, beads)

Pens, etc. ), which solved the aesthetic problem of Chinese characters (frame structure) and promoted the study of brush calligraphy.

It works. So, let me introduce you to the writing and practice of hard pen.

Students in Grade One and Grade Two in primary schools are not good at using brush and ink because they are young, so first of all,

It is more appropriate to practice writing with a pencil. It is possible to master the shelf structure of words while combining literacy.

Lay the foundation for practicing calligraphy.

(A) the choice of pencil tools

Pencils There are many brands of pencils, such as Goldfish, Zhonghua and Great Wall.

Samsung brand, Harvest brand, Crane brand, and various mechanical pencil.

Pencil refills are mainly divided into three types: soft, medium and hard. The "b" on the pen holder means soft, and the "h" means soft.

Hard, "HB" means moderate hardness. "HB" (that is, a pencil with moderate hardness) is more suitable for practicing pencil writing.

It's good. Because soft pencils (such as 2b, 3b ...) are all black, but they are easy to get dirty, while hard pencils (such as 2b, 3b ...)

2h, 3h ...) The lead is too hard, and the strokes written in the notebook are too shallow to read clearly.

When sharpening a pencil, be careful not to cut the lead too long. Generally, it is more appropriate to use a pencil sharpener to cut.

When cutting with a knife, it is best not to exceed 5mm, because it is easy to break when writing.

Erasers are generally divided into soft and hard. Grid book, field book and paper book are used by primary school students to write.

It's thin, so it's more appropriate to use soft glue. If the paper is thick, hard rubber can also be used. In addition, you can wipe it.

When there are fine strokes or words with dense structure, you can also cut the glue with a knife.

At present, there are basically two kinds of exercise books used by students in shops: the new word is Tian Zi.

Yes, copying books is square. In addition, the composition book and manuscript paper used by students are square.

It can also be used to practice calligraphy.

(B) pencil writing methods and writing posture

To learn to write and practice calligraphy, we must first have correct writing methods and good writing posture, because of correct execution.

Writing with a pen and good writing posture are the prerequisites for writing well, and they can also be said to be one of them.

key If the writing method and posture are not good, it will not only affect writing, but also affect it over time.

A healthy body. For example, the head is too low, and it is easy to be nearsighted after a long time; The body is not straight, affecting

Difficulty in breathing, easy hunchback after a long time, etc. The writing posture is not good or good-looking. Let's have a look first.

See how to write and develop good writing habits.

When holding a pen (as shown in Figure ①), the thumb, forefinger and middle finger naturally bend and hold the pen from three sides; thumb

Both the index finger and the index finger use the first knuckle, and the middle finger uses the upper part of the first knuckle to pad the pen; The ring finger and the little finger lean against each other.

Under the middle finger; Note that the palm of your hand should be empty, like holding a small egg, and the pen should be tilted 50-60 degrees.

Leaning against the upper part of the tiger's mouth makes the pen flexible and easy to use.

Posture (as shown in Figure ② ③) Practicing pencil writing is generally sitting and writing. Pay attention to the following points:

Keep your body straight, your head straight, your arms open and your feet stand firm. Four requirements.

Stand up straight: when writing, don't lie prone on the table, stand up straight and beat your chest from left to right.

Eyes are about a foot away from the paper. Keep your head straight: don't tilt your head when writing.

Open your arms: relax your shoulders, open your arms naturally, hold paper in your left hand and write with your right hand.

Safety of feet: feet naturally lie flat on the ground. Figure 3.

Application of writing posture correction clip: (as shown in Figure ④ ⑤ ⑤)

In order to let beginners master the correct writing posture quickly, and also to help some people who have already

Students with bad writing habits correct their writing posture. We recommend a simple "correction" to students.

Clip ". It is a tool specially designed to help beginners develop good writing habits. The method is simple.

First, bend the thick iron wire into a 90-degree angle, and then weld one end on the clip after Figure ④, Figure ⑤ and Figure ⑤ (e.g.

Fig. 4) When in use, the writer sits on the desk (as shown in fig. 5), and his body is shielded from the desk.

Punch (about 10cm) to make the writing posture naturally correct. (Figure 6)

After the third and fourth grades of primary school, students have to use steel notebooks all the way to junior high school and high school.

Remember, write compositions, experimental reports, academic papers, etc. If you master the performance of a pen, you should write.

Sometimes there will be some thickness changes, which will make the written words beautiful and have certain artistic interest.

The following is a brief introduction to some related problems in writing practice.

(C) the choice of pen tools

There are many kinds and brands of pens, such as Hero brand and Venus brand. Pen usually refers to

Gold pen and iridium pen. Golden pens are more expensive. Most students use iridium pens. When choosing a pen,

First of all, it depends on whether the pen tip is smooth, elastic and comfortable.

When writing, the front of the pen tip and the left and right 30 degrees should be smooth.

The nib is elastic, so the thickness of the pen path can be slightly changed without affecting the smooth downward flow of ink. pen container

The thickness and weight of the pen are also comfortable. With these, look at the color of the pen holder and the shape of the pen. because

Everyone has different hobbies. People can choose pens according to their favorite colors and shapes.

Workbooks and pencil writing are the same. You can use the "new word book" of Tian Zige, and the grid.

Students can also practice writing with pens when copying books, writing books and manuscript paper. student

In the senior year, when learning to write pen and running script, you can also use horizontal books, notebooks and

16 blank paper (newsprint is the best).

(D) Pen writing method and writing posture

Practice writing, whether it is writing method or writing posture, has nothing to do with writing pencil characters.

Difference. Just when writing pen words, pay attention to writing with the front of the pen tip as much as possible. In addition, with

The size of writing changes with the inclination of the pen, and the smaller the word (about 5mm), the more strokes are needed.

The thinner the pen, the straighter the pen, and the pen is about 75 degrees away from the paper (see Figure 7). Word size (20mm

Left and right), the pen holder should be inclined, about 50-60 (see Figure 8). Of course, it is not advisable to write too much with a pen.

It is better to write big and big words with a brush.

(5) Basic strokes of pencils and pens and their applications.

Please look at the following list:

■

Note: The writing method is marked with ○, so you should press the pen lightly when writing.

■

Note: The writing method is marked with ○, so you should press the pen lightly when writing.

(6) Examples

Pencil: (regular script) "People have two treasures" ■ Pen: regular script fable "Zheng people buy shoes"

■ Running script Du Fu's poem "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night" ■ Li Shu Zhang Jishi's poem a night-mooring near maple bridge

■

Writing and practice of writing brush

In China's calligraphy, the aforementioned pencil characters and pen characters are mainly used to solve the problem of shelving.

The problem of structure makes the words we write beautiful, and it focuses on application. Brush writing is just

It is not enough to solve the font shelf structure, because the brush is soft and must be mastered in the process of learning.

Finally, we should learn the layout of the whole article and a set of artistic rules. It can be said that this part

Point is the focus of this book.

(A) Four Treasures of the Study's choice

The so-called "Four Treasures of the Study" refers to: pen, ink, paper and inkstone. This is the art of China's calligraphy.

Special writing tools. They have always been valued by calligraphers. We learn calligraphy and choose them.

Use, protection and other common sense should also be understood.

Brush is a unique writing and painting tool in China. It is made of animal hair and made into a cone.

The main body of the pen, together with the pen, finally achieved an expressive writing tool. The origin of Chinese brush

A long time ago, it has a history of two or three thousand years. So there are many kinds of brushes, about three kinds.

More than one hundred kinds.

Judging from the performance of writing with brush, there are three kinds of brush: hard hair, soft hair and double-stranded brush. Let's make a simple pen.

List introduction:

Hard brush, thick and elastic. Common ones are purple hair (rabbit hair) and wolf hair (ferret hair).

A pen made of moustache, deer hair, bristles, leopard hair, badger hair and mountain horse hair.

Soft hair brush, softer and less elastic. Wool brushes are common. The softest thing is the feather brush.

Double-barrel brush is both rigid and flexible, between soft and hard, because its pen head is made of soft and hard.

Made of soft wool. For example, "Baiyun" (large, medium and small) takes wolf hair as the core and wool as the quilt.

Double the brush; "Oolong water" is made of purple hair and wolf hair, and according to the ratio of the two hairs.

Double the famous pens, such as seven purple three sheep hairs, five purple five sheep hairs and so on.

Brush is divided into long front, center and short front according to the size and length of writing head; Capital letters, middle letters,

Lowercase letters, etc. The largest is a pen, and the smallest is a GUI pen.

In a word, there are many kinds of brushes. So how to choose a good pen?

A good brush should have four advantages: roundness, uniformity, sharpness and health.

People often refer to these four points as the "four virtues" of writing brush. "Round" means that the pen holder should be round and the pen tip should be round.

Full, conical; "Qi" means that the nib is smooth and flat, and the nib is neat; "Sharp"

It is that the nib is not bald; "Sword" means that the pen is elastic, and the hair of the brush is easy to fold and recover when it is spread out.

When you go to the store to buy a pen, you should choose according to the above four points. Take a new pen and put it on the counter first.

Lay the pen flat and roll it gently. If the pen rolls evenly, it proves that the pen holder is round and straight, otherwise.

It is neither straight nor round. Then pick up the pen and see if the nib and the rod are straight and the pen is round.

It's easy to see. There is glue on the tip of a new pen, and the shop will not let it go. Is it neat and sharp? Look at that.

No, we have to hold the pen in our hands and gently turn and knead it. Generally, we feel that the pen is quite full and strong.

No, it's a good pen. The size of the pen depends on the size of the handwriting. As for soft and hard, it is both.

Anyway, everyone's hobbies are different, so what kind of pen is easy to play its strengths and express itself?

What kind of pen to choose is uncertain. Of course, as a calligrapher, everyone

If all kinds of pens can be used, then all kinds of pens should have some, so I won't say much here. Calligraphy beginner

Students, if you want to master the method of writing brush, double-strand brush is generally better, and double-strand brush is easy to combine rigidity with softness.

Writing, after mastering the method of writing, you can change the soft (wool-like) pen to write for a while, and then change it to the hard one.

Write with a brush for a period of time, so that you can gradually write with various brushes. For beginners of calligraphy,

Writing "walnut block" or "walnut word" is the usual block word, about 6×6cm. Buy it.

It would be nice to have a large white cloud. If you write in big letters, such as 10cm square or more, you can buy Anhui Jing.

The "matching pens" produced by the county pen factory have pens ranging in size from 1 to No.5, which are cheap and good.

With the process of learning Chinese characters, you can gradually buy all kinds of brushes.

Ink painting has a long history and a wide variety. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were many ways to make ink.

Famous artists, such as Cao Sugong, Wang Jinsheng, Wang Jiean, Hu Kaiwen and others.

Ink mainly includes pine smoke and oil smoke.

Song Yanmo is made of pine sticks burning cigarettes, with leather glue, herbs and spices. This ink is black and has no color.

Glossy, light and loose, easy to ink when grinding.

Oil smoke ink is made of tung oil, vegetable oil, sesame oil or lard, with leather glue and medicinal materials (good ink and musk deer)

Is prepared from incense, borneol and spices. Soot ink is hard and thin, black and shiny, but the glue is heavy.

Good ink has the characteristics of "fine quality", "smooth glue", "black color" and "clear sound"

The method is to hold the ink in your hand, first look at the texture of Mo Ding, fine ink is good, and the quality of coarse ink is poor;

Hit Mo Ding again, the crisp sound is good, and the two inks are silent; In addition, the ink tastes good and can be put in your mouth.

Breathe, and then quickly send the ink to your nose. Good ink can smell the slight fragrance of borneol, but bad ink can't smell it.

There is a smell. Good ink feels comfortable to grind, and the inkstone is black and shiny. Calligraphy is generally more.

Use lampblack ink. But beginners don't have to care too much about ink, as long as it is fine black. About ink

Name, business and advertisement, what lacquer smoke, tribute smoke, top smoke, super top lacquer smoke ...

Wait, we don't have to pursue it too much, but we should start from practicality. We can also use ink to save time.

Juice.

There are many kinds of paper in China. We mainly write calligraphy on Xuan paper, edge paper and Yuan book.

Paper.

Xuan paper can be divided into raw, cooked and half cooked. Raw rice paper is soft and absorbent, as simple as clean.

Pixuan, Jiaxuan, etc. ; Cooked rice paper is made by adding alum water to raw rice paper, which does not absorb water, such as mica paper.

Cicada, mud gold paper, etc. The water absorption of semi-cooked paper is between raw and cooked, such as jade pan Xuan and boiling hammer Xuan.

Generally speaking, raw rice paper is used to write big characters, while cooked rice paper is used to write small characters or draw meticulous paintings. Rice paper price

Higher, used when writing calligraphy. Just use tassel paper and meta-book paper when practicing calligraphy.

The performance of base paper and meta-book paper is close to that of base paper, with strong water absorption, but the paper is light yellow, and

Rough texture, but much cheaper than rice paper, is one of the indispensable tools for us to learn calligraphy.

One.

Ink is generally called inkstone and inkstone, and big inkstone is also called "ink sea". They are square and round.

There are various other styles.

There are many kinds of inkstones in China, such as Qin brick, Han tile, pottery inkstone, jade inkstone and so on. Good inkstone.

Taiwan Province, such as Duanyan (produced in Zhaoqing, Duan Xi, Guangdong), She Yan (produced in Shexian, Anhui),

The stone is fine and moist, and has the advantages of not filing ink and not sticking ink. Good inkstone carving is exquisite.

The price is higher. Generally, those who can learn calligraphy can choose the side with fine stone, deep inkstone and more ink.

An ordinary inkstone that is convenient for research will do. At present, the rib inkstone sold in handicraft shops on the market,

Jinxing inkstone is very good, cheap and practical. Students can choose according to their own conditions and hobbies.

(2) Writing method and posture

To learn and practice calligraphy, the first problem is how to write correctly, because the writer

The quality of the method is directly related to whether you can write the words flexibly and freely.

There have always been many theories about writing, such as single hook method, double hook method, phoenix eye method and wrist-returning method.

There are so many methods, such as stirrup method, five-character tactic, eight-character tactic and so on. It looks mysterious and real.

The point is confusing and you can't learn. In fact, the writing is not mysterious or complicated.

Su Dongpo, a calligrapher, once said: "There is no fixed method for writing, so it should be open-minded."

In other words, writing is very simple, there is no fixed method, as long as it is flexible and natural and easy to write. Then,

What should I write? A better method is roughly as shown in Figure 9:

① Pick up the pen with thumb and forefinger, that is, hold the pen holder with the first knuckles of thumb and forefinger;

② Put the middle finger under the index finger, and pay attention to the first knuckle; (because the first knuckle of the hand feels.

Perception is the most sensitive, flexible and widely used. )

(3) press the inner joint of the ring finger against the inner side of the pen holder;

④ The little finger follows the ring finger to play an auxiliary role.