Sima Guang, a celebrity short story

① The inspirational story of Sima Guang's police pillow

Sima Guang was smart and studious when he was a child. He is often worried that his knowledge is not as good as others, so no matter what he learns, he has to work twice as hard as others. He read with some children, and the other children could barely recite it after reading for a while, so they went out to play together.

Only Sima Guang is still sitting in the study, studying hard. And every time at this time, Sima Guang shut himself in his study and didn't go out to play until he knew the book by heart. After growing up, Sima Guang still insisted on this diligent practice.

I once made a pillow out of wood and named it "police pillow". Because the pillow is round, people will fall to the ground as soon as they turn over, and a bang will naturally wake people up. So every time Sima Guang heard something in the middle of the night, he immediately got up and lit a candle to read a book. Thanks to his efforts, Sima Guang finally became a famous scholar.

(1) Sima Guang, a celebrity short story, extended his reading of Sima Guang and was called Mr. Su Shui. Politicians, historians and writers in the Northern Song Dynasty. After Anping presented King Sima Fu in the Western Jin Dynasty.

In the first year of Song Renzong Baoyuan (1038), Sima Guang was admitted as a scholar and graduated from Longtuge with a bachelor's degree. When he was in Song Shenzong, he left the imperial court for fifteen years because he opposed Wang Anshi's political reform, and presided over the compilation of the first chronicle general history in the history of China —— A Mirror with Resources.

After four dynasties of Renzong, Yingzong, Zongshen and Zhezong, Shangshu's official position has always been Zuo Assistant Minister. He was given a surname, Wen Guogong, honest and gentle, humble and upright; Work hard and diligently. Boasting that "the day is insufficient, the night follows", his personality can be called a model under Confucian education and has always been admired.

Sima Guang's main achievements are embodied in his academic research. Among them, the greatest contribution is to preside over the compilation of Zi Tongzhi Jian. During the Xining period in Song Shenzong, Sima Guang strongly opposed Wang Anshi's political reform and asked to go abroad. In the fourth year of Xining (107 1), he was sentenced to Xijing Yushitai, and lived in Luoyang for the next fifteen years without asking about political affairs.

During this leisurely time, Sima Guang presided over the compilation of 294 volumes of nearly 4 million words of chronological history book Zi Tongzhi Jian. Sima Guang's paradise is not only his apartment, but also the location of Zitongzhi Bamboo Slips Bookstore. The environment here is beautiful and the style is simple, which reflects the owner's interest and pursuit.

Its publishing house was established in Bianjing. In addition to Sima Guang, famous scholars at that time, such as Liu Shu, Liu Ban and Fan Zuyu, participated in the work of the publishing house. Among them, Sima Guang is the editor-in-chief, Liu Shu, Liu Ban and Fan Zuyu are co-schools, and Sima Kang, the son of Sima Guang, is responsible for collating the text. After Sima Guang came to Luoyang, he moved the Book House of Zi Tong Zhi Jian from the capital of song dynasty to Luoyang.

Not only the staff of the bookstore live in the park, but also celebrities such as Er Cheng, Shao Yong and Wen Yanbo often come here for parties. This is an academic center.

② Sima Guang's childhood story.

1, hit the cylinder for help

Sima Guang began to study at the age of 6, and at the age of 7 he memorized Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals. One day when he was 8 years old, he was playing games with his friends in the yard. After a while, one of the children was sweating all over his face and ran to the vat to reach for some water to wash his face. One accidentally fell into a vat full of water. Other friends heard the noise and rushed to save him, but they were too short to reach.

Frightened, my friends hurried to find an adult. Sima Guanggang wanted to find an adult, but it was too late. He used his quick wits to pick up a big stone next to him and hit it at the vat. The water in the jar poured out with a bang. The little friend was saved, and the other little friends danced with joy. Even adults boast that Sima Guang is a clever boy. In this way, the story of Sima Guang spread all over China.

2, sleep "police pillow"

Sima Guang is a playful and sleepy child. To this end, he is often condemned by his husband and laughed at by his peers. Under Mr. Wang's inculcation, he is determined to get rid of the problem of drowsiness. In order to get up early, he drank a lot of water before going to bed. As a result, he didn't wake up in the morning, but he peed in bed. Smart Sima Guang made a police pillow out of logs. He turned over in the morning, his head fell on the bed board and woke up naturally. From then on, he got up early every day to study, persevered, and finally became a learned man, writing "Zi Tong Zhi Jian".

3. Study hard and cherish time.

When Sima Guang was studying in a private school, he always thought he was not smart enough. In order to train his memory, he often spends two or three times more time memorizing and reciting things in books than others. After the teacher finished reading the book, other students could recite it after reading it for a while and ran out to play. Sima Guang stayed at school alone, closed the window and continued to study hard until he understood everything, closed the book and recited it word for word.

He uses his spare time, such as riding a horse while thinking about the content of the article. Not only can he remember what he has learned, but his memory is getting better and better. He will never forget what he learned when he was young. Because of his meticulous study since childhood, he laid a solid foundation for his later writing.

Sima Guang is so obsessed with reading that he often forgets to eat. The place where he lives has only simple furnishings except books: a bed, a quilt and a log pillow.

4. Always be an honest person.

Sima Guang especially liked to eat green walnuts when he was young. One day, he wanted to eat green walnuts, but his sister peeled them for him, but he couldn't peel them. After my sister left, a maid scalded the green walnut with boiling water, and the skin was easily peeled off. When my sister comes back, she will ask who peeled it. Sima Guang said that she peeled it herself.

But this process happened to be witnessed by my father. When you see him lying, reprimand him severely. How can you lie like this! Although this incident is very small, it left a deep impression on Sima Guang. From then on, Sima Guang was always honest and didn't dare to cheat, whether he was a man or in the process of studying at ordinary times.

5. Take history as a mirror

During the Ningnian period, Sima Guang strongly opposed Wang Anshi's political reform and asked to go abroad. In the fourth year of Xining (107 1), he was sentenced to Xijing Yushitai, and lived in Luoyang for the next fifteen years without asking about political affairs. During this leisurely time, Sima Guang presided over the compilation of 294 volumes of 3 million-word chronological history book Zi Tongzhi Jian. Used for 19 years.

From the 23rd year of Zhou Weilie to the 6th year of Zhou Shizong's showing virtue after the Five Dynasties, Zi Tongzhi Jian recorded 16 dynasties, which lasted 19 years. He said in Zi Zhi Tong Jian: "My bones and muscles are weak, my teeth are scarce and my knowledge is worn out. At present, the so-called "immediate forgetting" is all in this book. " Sima Guang devoted himself to this book all his life, and died of overwork in less than two years. From the publication of Zi Tongzhi Jian to the abridged version of Zi Tongzhi Jian, Sima Jun actually wrote it himself and did not pretend to be others. Wang Mingsheng, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, said: "This book is indispensable between heaven and earth, and it is also a must-read book for scholars." .

(3) Cao Chong (elephant), Sima Guang (smashing cans), Zhang Heng () and Newton () and other celebrity stories.

First, Cao Chongxiang.

Once upon a time, there was a clever boy named Cao Chong. Cao Chong's father is a big official. One day, a foreigner gave him an elephant. He wanted to know how much the elephant weighed, so he said to his officials, "Try to weigh this elephant. I want to know how much it weighs. " This is a difficult thing. Elephants are the largest animals on land. How do you call it?

His officials began to think hard. Without such a large scale, people didn't have the strength to lift elephants. What can we do? Everyone is worried about the elephant, and no one can figure out a way to call it. At this time, a child ran out, stood in front of the adults and said, "I have an idea, I have an idea!" " "

When the official saw it, it turned out to be Cao Chong, and everyone was thinking: Hum! Adults can't think of any way. What can a five-year-old child do? And the elephant is so heavy, how can he think of a way to weigh it! But don't look down on children, this little Cao Chong just has a way. He thought of a way that even adults couldn't figure out.

His father said, "You can speak quickly for everyone." Cao Chong said, "I'll show it to you and you'll understand." He had the elephant brought in and followed it to the river. His father and those officials were very surprised. Why did Cao Chong go to the river? Everyone wanted to see what he called an elephant, so they followed him to the river. There happened to be an empty big boat by the river. Cao Chong said, "Take the elephant on board."

When the elephant got on the boat, the boat sank a lot. Cao Chong said, "Draw a line next to the water as a mark." After marking, Cao Chong had the elephant brought ashore. At this time, when the ship was empty, it floated a lot. Everyone watched, taking the elephant on the boat for a while, and taking it off the boat for a while, thinking, "What game is this child playing? How can he call an elephant like that? "

Next, Cao Chong had a lot of stones moved on the boat, and the boat slowly sank. Cao Chong saw the ship's mark on the water and shouted, "All right, all right! Stop moving! " Remove the stones from the ship piece by piece.

At this time, everyone understood: the stone was loaded on the boat, the elephant was loaded on the boat, and the boat sank to the same marked place. At this time, the stone is as heavy as the elephant; Weigh these stones again and add up the weight of all the stones, which is the weight of the elephant.

Everyone says that this method looks simple, but if it weren't for Cao Chong to show it to everyone, adults would really be puzzled. All the officials and Cao Chong's father gave thumbs up and said, "Cao Chong is so smart!"

Second, the story of Sima Guang smashing a jar

Once upon a time, there was a clever boy named Sima Guang. One day, Sima Guang and his friends were playing hide-and-seek in the yard. Some people hide behind trees, some people hide in the grass, and some people hide behind rockeries. At this time, the accident happened. The child hiding behind the rockery accidentally fell into a big water tank under the rockery. The big water tank is full of water. If the child is not rescued in time, I'm afraid he will drown.

Friends were scared silly, some children cried and shouted in fear, and some children rushed home to ask their families for help. Only Sima Guang thought calmly, found a big stone nearby and threw it directly at the water tank. Bang, the water tank directly smashed a big hole, and the water in the tank flowed out, and the child who fell into the tank was saved.

Third, Zhang Heng made a waterwheel.

Zhang Heng was full of interest in machinery when he was seven years old. He was particularly curious when he saw the waterwheel in the field. How does the waterwheel send water up? How does such a big wheel turn? In order to understand the working principle of the waterwheel, he has to sit by the field for a long time every day, often forgetting the time of eating, and people around him think the child is very strange.

Zhang Heng is simply obsessed with waterwheels. After writing and reading books every day, he paddled around on the ground with a twig, but he couldn't understand how the waterwheel worked. Seeing that Zhang Heng was so fascinated by waterwheels, his father didn't blame the children like others, but thought that Zhang Heng was very studious and a plastic talent.

So my father visited everywhere and planned to buy an old waterwheel for Zhang Heng to study.

Many things happen. A few days later, Rolling's father bought an abandoned waterwheel from the next village. Although shabby, Zhang Heng happily threw himself into his father's arms when he saw his father pushing a waterwheel home with a car. Zhang Heng, who has a waterwheel, no longer has to travel to the fields. He can study his beloved waterwheel at home every day. He can't wait to hug the waterwheel when he sleeps at night.

Finally, at the age of eight, Zhang Heng cut out a small waterwheel with a knife based on his long-term observation. Although the sparrow is small and complete, it is exactly the same as the real waterwheel structure. Zhang Heng put him in the basin, and when his hand was stirred, the water really sprayed. Since then, Zhang Heng's reputation as a small inventor has spread all over the country.

Fourthly, Zhang Heng invented the seismograph.

He loves to think since he was a child, and he always wants to get to the bottom of everything around him. One summer night, Zhang Heng, grandpa and grandma were enjoying the cool in the yard. He sat on the bamboo bed, upturned his head, looked blankly at the sky, raised his fingers from time to time and counted the stars carefully.

Zhang Heng said to Grandpa, "I counted for a long time and saw some stars moving. What was in the sky has gone to the west. Some stars appeared and some disappeared. Aren't they running? "

Grandpa said, "The stars will move. If you want to know the stars, you must look at the Big Dipper first. Look at the seven bright stars over there. Together, it's like an iron for ironing clothes. It's easy to find ... ""Oh! I found it! "

Xiao Zhangheng was very excited and asked, "So, how does it move?" Grandpa thought for a moment and said, "At about midnight, it moved to the horizon. At dawn, Beidou turned over and hung upside down in the sky ... "

That night, Zhang Heng couldn't sleep and got up many times to see Beidou. In the dead of night, he saw the bright big dipper hanging upside down. How happy he feels! He thought: Why does this Beidou turn like this? What is the reason? At dawn, he hurried to ask grandpa, who couldn't explain it clearly. So, with this question, he went to read astronomical literature.

Later, when Zhang Heng grew up, the emperor learned that he was outstanding in literary talent, so he called Zhang Heng to Luoyang, the capital, as an imperial adviser, mainly in charge of astronomical calendars. In order to explore the mysteries of nature, young Zhang Heng often studies alone in his study and often stands on the observatory to observe the sun, moon and stars.

He thought, if we can make an instrument that can observe the sky from above and the earth from below, and predict what will happen in nature, it will be of great help to people to prevent disasters and expose those absurd superstitious stories! Therefore, Zhang Heng analyzed and studied the observation data from books, and began the trial production of the instrument of "observing the sky and the earth". He first wrote a book about his research called Lingxian.

In this book, he tells people that the sky is spherical, like an egg, the sky is like an eggshell, wrapped outside the ground, and the ground is like an egg yolk. This is the so-called "Huntian Theory". Then according to this theory, Zhang Heng began to design and manufacture instruments. I don't know how many stormy mornings and sleepless nights passed, when the armillary sphere, one of the most advanced astronomical instruments in the world, was born.

This big copper ball is very similar to today's globe. It is mounted on an inclined shaft. Through hydraulic rotation, its rotation speed is exactly the same as that of the earth. On this artificial celestial body, you can see the stars in space accurately. Zhang Heng said: "There are 2,500 visible stars in the sky, but we often only see 120."

Later, after studying hard, Zhang Heng invented and created the world's first instrument that can predict earthquakes-the seismograph. This seismograph is also made of steel, shaped like a wine jar, surrounded by eight dragons, and each longkou contains a small copper ball. As long as the copper ball in the dragon's mouth spits out, it means that there is an earthquake in that direction. The test was very effective, and there was no failure.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) The story of Newton and Apple

It is said that in the autumn of 1665, Newton sat under the apple tree in his yard and thought about this problem. A ripe apple fell and hit Newton right on the head. Newton thought, why didn't the apple run and fall? He asked his mother, but she could not explain.

Most scientists keep a childlike innocence, and Newton is no exception. When he grew up to be a physicist, he thought of the story of a teenager "the apple fell to the ground". Maybe some force on the earth attracted the apple to fall. So Newton discovered gravity.

Newton found the reason of apple falling from the natural phenomenon of apple falling-the role of gravity. This invisible force from the earth pulls the apple down, just like the earth pulls the moon around the earth. This apple hit the cleverest brain of mankind. Newton's story left a beautiful stroke on the road of human exploration of the world.

④ The story of the famous Sima Guang, 50 words.

The 50 words of the famous story of Sima Guang are as follows:

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Shi had a very clever child. He is Sima Guang. Once, he was playing in the backyard with his friends. There is a big water tank in the yard. A child climbed to the edge of the water tank to play and accidentally fell in. The water tank is very deep, and it seems that the child is going to have no roof. When other children saw that something was wrong, they cried and cried in fear and ran outside to ask adults for help.

Sima Guang used his quick wits to pick up a big stone from the ground and hit it hard at the water tank. Bang, the water in the jar broke and the child was saved. Xiao Sima Guang is calm when he is in trouble. This accident made him famous.

(4) Extended reading of Sima Guang's celebrity stories:

Anecdotes of characters:

Influenced by his father's honest education, Sima Guang was honest all his life. When he was about five or six years old, he once tried to peel walnuts, but he couldn't. My sister wants to help him, but she can't go. She left first. Later, a maid peeled walnuts for him with hot soup. When her sister came back, she asked, "Who helped you?"

When he lied to his sister that he did it himself, his father scolded him: "How dare a boy lie?" Sima Guang never dared to lie. When he was old, he wrote it on paper, always encouraging himself to die and never telling a lie.

Shao Yong's son Shao Bowen has also read this paper. A Qing Chen Hongmou said, "Sima Guang's life is based on sincerity and does not bully." The word "sincerity" was also used by later generations to define Sima Guang's coffin.

I know Sima Guang's story about celebrities.

The hero who smashed the cylinder

Once Sima Guang was playing with his friends in the backyard. There is a big water tank in the yard. A child climbed onto the tank to play and accidentally fell into Tanqueray. The water tank is very deep, and it seems that the child is going to have no roof. When other children saw that something was wrong, they cried and cried in fear and ran outside to ask adults for help. Sima Guang used his quick wits to pick up a big stone from the ground and hit it hard at the water tank. "bang!" The water tank was broken, the water in the tank came out, and the child who was submerged in the water was saved. Xiao Sima Guang was calm when he was in trouble, and he was like an adult since he was a child. This accidental event made Xiao Sima Guang famous, and people in Tokyo and Luoyang painted it and spread it widely.