& lt What is the Classic of Mountains and Seas about?

Shan Hai Jing is regarded as the earliest fantastic book in China. The so-called classics are Tao and reason. As the name implies, Shan Hai Jing is about mountains and seas. However, Shan Hai Jing is not such a simple book.

First, the origin of the study of Shan Hai Jing

From Qu Yuan, Sima Qian, Zheng Xuan, Wang Chong and Zhu to Lu Xun, Hu Shi, Zheng Zhenduo, Mao Dun, Wen Yiduo, Gu Jiegang and other modern and contemporary scholars, there is no one who has not read Shan Hai Jing, and there is no one who has not studied Shan Hai Jing.

Many scholars say: Shan Hai Jing is a master of China mythology; Some scholars also say: Shan Hai Jing is an encyclopedia of mankind, especially the source of literature; Some scholars say: Shan Hai Jing is the history of Dayu's water control; Mao Dun's Mythology specifically pointed out: "The Classic of Mountains and Seas is a wonderful book, which is neither philosophy nor literature, nor history, nor geography (although the ancient catalogers once listed the Classic of Mountains and Seas as geography), but it contains many mythological materials-almost all myths; This is probably a messy collection of China myths edited by scholars who like myths at the end of Qin Dynasty, but the author just regards these materials as "different stories".

In order to explore the mystery of Shan Hai Jing, the author wrote the book Shan Hai Jing Archaeology. The book consists of 8 chapters and 250,000 words.

Generally speaking, myth is the carrier of ancient history and the childhood of human history. Archaeological appraisal of ancient human history is the unity of two sets of discourse systems. These two discourse systems: one is myths and legends, and the other is archaeological remains. When excavating Erlitou cultural site in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, the archaeological community put forward the proposition that the records of Xia Dynasty in China ancient documents are faithful to history. In the 1990s, China academic circles organized hundreds of scholars, including elites in history, language, literature, archaeology, astronomy, physics and other academic circles, to engage in the research on the "Xia, Shang and Zhou Dating Project", a major project in the Ninth Five-Year Plan. Its purpose is to determine the history of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, so as to clarify the history of the Xia Dynasty. However, the conclusion of the project has not been accepted by the academic circles, mainly because the two discourse systems of myths and legends and archaeological remains have not reached harmony and unity, so the project has been stranded and abandoned. But no one could have imagined that Shan Hai Jing was a "historical masterpiece" that recorded the history and myths of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties intentionally or unintentionally at the time of ancient divination.

Second, Shan Hai Jing is China's Luo Shu.

I ching? As the saying goes, "River Map" and "Luoshu" are Dayu's guide to water control. However, since ancient times, no one has seen Hetu and Luoshu. It is said that Luo Shu is also an integral part of the Book of Changes. What the hell is going on here? To understand this problem, we have to start with "Luo", which refers to Luoshui in Henan, and Luoyang in Henan is named after Luoshui. However, why is the "Luo" of Luoshui named? No one will look into it. Since it's famous, someone must have called it. Who was the earliest appellant in Luoshui? It was the first person to cross. In the 1980s, the archaeological discovery of Liangzhu cultural site in Zhejiang Province was the first evidence that China was moving towards civilization in 5000 years. So far, Liangzhu jade is still the first exquisite jade in the world. However, 4000 years ago, the developed Liangzhu civilization disappeared due to floods. Before the flood, the people of Liangzhu migrated, and at the same time, the first dynasty of China, the Xia Dynasty, was established. Some scholars compare the altars in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties with those excavated in Liangzhu cultural sites, and think that the earliest people who crossed Liangzhu moved northward to the Central Plains because of the flood, and established the first slave country in China-Xia Dynasty. Academic circles believe that the ritual vessels unearthed from Erlitou cultural site, as the representative of Xia culture, are basically the inheritance of Liangzhu culture. The author believes that the migration of Liangzhu ancestors' culture due to floods is a judgment made by the archaeological community after the discovery of the site in the last century. The author's research on the Classic of Mountains and Seas proves that the Classic of Mountains and Seas records the situation that the ancestors of Liangzhu moved northward to the Central Plains due to floods. Explain that 4000 years ago, people at that time recorded this in the "Shan Hai Jing Tu". 4000 years later, we know. Without archaeological excavation, we will never know that there was Liangzhu culture in ancient times and there was a history of migration due to floods. After studying the classics of mountains and seas and archaeological excavations, we know that this is a period of history that happened in ancient China 4000 years ago! This history proves that the existence of Xia Dynasty is a history of faith, not a legend! After the flood flooded Liangzhu, the first people who crossed Liangzhu recorded this important event in the book of Mountains and Seas in the form of notes, and finally translated it into the book of Mountains and Seas that people are familiar with today.

Because Zhuang and Buyi, descendants of those who went to Vietnam first, called the bird "Luo", we can find that people who went to Vietnam in Liangzhu in the north also called the bird "Luo". Henan's "Luoshui" is named after the bird-worshipping tribe who moved north to the Central Plains-the first person to cross Liangzhu. The so-called Luo Shu is a bird book. Read "Shan Hai Jing" carefully, the whole book tells the story of birds. The book of pheasant mentioned by Tian Wenqu Yuan actually refers to the book of mountains and seas, which proves that the book of mountains and seas is a voodoo book, mainly based on chickens (birds). In "Three Generations in Ancient China", it is said that "the Yellow Emperor is a yellowbird"; In Shan Hai Jing? It says "Huang Di gave birth to Luo Ming, Luo Mingsheng gave birth to a white horse". "Luo Ming" in this classic is a homonym of "falling into the water" and "Luo", both of which mean "bird". The word "Ming" of "Luo Ming" means "Fei" in the language of the Baiyue descendant Zhuang. "Luo Ming" means "bird" in Baiyue Mandarin. Huangdi's "Huangque Station" in all the ancient three-generation documents is the expression of Chinese language. In Shan Hai Jing, "Huang Di gave birth to Luo Ming and Luo Ming gave birth to a white horse" is the expression of Chinese phonetic notation. Among them, "white horse" is the first Vietnamese language, which means "divination" in Chinese.

According to the New Tang Book, the History of Wu Yue and other related documents and ancient records, the descendants of the Yue people in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces have the Bible or the Secret of Vietnam, all of which tell the story of the Yue people and their descendants relying on bird maps to establish Luoping country. The word "Luoping" here is the homonym of "Luo Ming" in Shan Hai Jing, which means "flying bird" in Chinese. The establishment of "Luoping Country" means the establishment of "Bird Country". The whole Shan Hai Jing tells the story of divination with "birds (chickens)". The so-called book of Luo, that is, the book of bird divination, prevailed among the people who first went to Yue in Liangzhu, and it was carried forward in Xia and Shang Dynasties. The Zhou Dynasty parted ways with the Book of Changes and spread it to the Yue people's inhabited areas with the tomb of Dayu, Taibo and his brothers. Today, chicken divination is still popular among Vietnamese Zhuang people. Luo Shu is an organic part of the Book of Changes. The "Yi" in the Book of Changes itself is the image of a bird.

Third, the main body of China Xia Dynasty was the earliest people who crossed the border.

The Classic of Mountains and Seas records the historical event that people who crossed the border in Liangzhu moved northward to the Central Plains due to floods, which is consistent with the archaeological findings of Liangzhu cultural sites in the 1980s, proving that the first people who crossed the border were the main body of the establishment of the first dynasty in China. In addition, there are many proofs in Shan Hai Jing:

(1) The subjects of Xia Dynasty were rice growers. The ancient nationalities in China are divided into three regions (ethnic groups) by academic circles, namely, the "Shennong Han" group, which is represented by Yangshao culture and takes the millet farming area in the Central Plains as its main activity area; The "Huangdi Group" represented by Hongshan Culture, with the northern and southern areas of Yanshan as the main scope of activities and fishing and hunting as the main economic mode; The "Yu (Yi) Xia Group" is represented by Dawenkou culture and Liangzhu culture, and the rice-growing agricultural area in the southeast coast is the main activity area. While fully developing their respective personalities, these three ethnic groups constantly met and merged, which laid a solid foundation for the civilization of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties.

Above it, the "Shennong China Group" in the Central Plains is mainly based on millet farming. However, in Shan Hai Jing, in the Xia Dynasty, Songshan, the first capital, and Zhengzhou, the subsequent capital, were mainly rice. When offering sacrifices to ancestors, not only polished rice is used, but also japonica rice and glutinous rice are used for divination. This is the traditional way of offering sacrifices to the ancestors. From Yu and Qi in Xia Dynasty, to Shang, Zhou, Spring and Autumn Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, until modern times, historical materials recording the divination of birds (chickens) by Yue people and their descendants have been found. To this day, Buluotuo's classic poems are still collected and sorted out by Zhuang witches. It can be seen that from ancient times to the present, Ji Bu's witchcraft tradition has been handed down from generation to generation among its founders, ancestors and their descendants without interruption. This can be seen from the fact that the subjects of the Xia Dynasty were the first people to cross the border.

(2) The subjects of Xia Dynasty used the language of people who had been to Vietnam before as a communication tool. In ancient times, there were two language systems for addressing emperors.

First Chinese Department: Huangdi, Yan Di and Xuanyuan Huangdi. ...

Second, the pre-Vietnamese language family: Di Ruizhen, Di Ku, Yao Di, Shun Di, Di Yu, Tiqi and Di Taikang. ...

Among the bronze inscriptions excavated in archaeology, the pre-Vietnamese language family was further confirmed: Wang Shuo, Zhou Wang sentence …

From the ancestors to the Yue people, the use of grammar is inverted sentences, with the official title in front and the official in the back.

In addition, after linguists' research, the numbers from one to ten, the appellations Zi, Ugly, Yin, Mao ... A, B, C, D ... heavenly stems and earthly branches, and the ancient pronunciation of the descendants of Baiyue nationality such as Zhuang and Dai can all be used as proof that the ancient "Mandarin" is the first Vietnamese language.

As for the appellations of "father" and "mother", the notes in Zhu's Biography of Xi, and the poems in Mao's Textual Research on Ancient Poetry? Feng Wei and other ancient books all say that the word "father" of "father" is pronounced as "broadcast" and the word "mother" of "mother" is pronounced as "rice", which is the pronunciation of descendants of Baiyue nationality such as Zhuang, Dai and Buyi.

(3) Jade burials were popular in Xia Dynasty. The Classic of Mountains and Seas records many facts of jade burial in Songshan and Zhengzhou, the capitals of Xia Dynasty. However, in academic circles, it is generally believed that jade burial was a fashionable burial style from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Warring States Period, and it continued until the Han Dynasty. It was not until the excavation of Liangzhu cultural site in 1980s that people realized that "jade burial" originated in Liangzhu Kingdom 5000 years ago. Shan Hai Jing records that jade burial is popular in Songshan and Zhengzhou. Obviously, this traditional burial method is related to the northward migration of the people who first crossed Liangzhu.

In order to complete the task of Guangxi Zhuang Studies Series: A Study on the Ancestors and Descendants of Zhuang Nationality in Southwest Yi, which involves the contents of Shan Hai Jing, the author studied Shan Hai Jing several times on the first rest day in early June, and felt that he had something to say. He used his spare time for a month to work until 2 am every day and finished the book "Archaeology of Mountains and Seas". According to the results of "Archaeology", the subtitle "Study on the Origin of Xia Dynasty and Pre-Vietnamese Culture" was added. This paper introduces the main research contents of the book, including Qu Yuan, the translator of Shan Hai Jing, many scholars struggling to find the fruitless "Kunlun Mountain" as the language of the first Vietnam, the most frequent emperor in Shan Hai Jing is the sun god, and Emperor Yao, Emperor Shun, Yu and Chi You are all bird worshippers, as well as the Pangu myth in ancient times. (Huang Yilu)