When did China first record the research on sex?

First, sexology is a subject of great practical significance, which China's ancestors have long noticed;

Second, China's earliest record should be the Book of Changes, because in the Book of Changes, there are related views on the harmony of yin and yang between men and women, which are explained as follows:

China's ancient sexology theory based on Yin-Yang theory can basically be summarized as the following core contents:

1 Male is Yang and female is Yin.

Everything in the world belongs to both sexes. People are naturally divided into two parts: men and women. The ancients believed that men belonged to Yang and women to Yin. Through the analysis of the graphic modeling of Yin and Yang in Eight Diagrams, it can be clearly seen that Yang (-) is the symbol of male genitalia and Yin (-) is the symbol of female genitalia. "Avenue becomes a man, Kun Dao becomes a woman"; "Being a father, Kun is a mother". The dry divination composed of Sanyang divination represents men, and the Kun divination composed of Sanyin divination represents women, which embodies the essence that men belong to Yang and women belong to Yin.

All relationships between the sexes, whether physical, psychological or social, follow the laws of the theory of Yin and Yang. The love, marriage and family of men and women are not only the harmonious unity of Yin and Yang, but also contradictory.

2 Yin and Yang complement each other

Male is yang, masculine; Women are feminine, feminine. Yin and Yang complement each other and combine rigidity with softness, which embodies the exposition of "combining rigidity with softness, flexion and extension are beneficial to life" in the Book of Changes. The ancients called the matter of atrioventricular "the way of yin and yang" In Tang Dynasty, Bai Xingjian described sexual behavior in The Great Yuefu of Heaven and Earth Yin and Yang, and expressed sexual intercourse between men and women by the intercourse of heaven and earth Yin and Yang. Lonely yang is not long, widowed yin is not born, and sexual intercourse realizes the complementarity of yin and yang through the combination of yin and yang, thus achieving the purpose of benefiting life.

Fertility comes from the combination of yin and yang.

The Book of Changes "has a sense of heaven and earth, and everything is transformed", "men and women construct essence, and everything is transformed". The harmony between heaven and man, the psychological attraction between men and women, and the physical intercourse between men and women correspond to the blending of heaven and earth, so there is the blending of heaven and earth, everything is born, and men and women mate and have children. "Jade ruler of gynecology" records that "men and women love each other, care for each other, and then do it, then yin and yang are harmonious, essence and blood are condensed, and there is a way to give birth to children. If the man's affection has arrived and the woman's affection has not moved, semen and premature ejaculation are called solitary yang; Women's feelings have arrived, but men's feelings have not moved, then the benefits of women have passed, which is called lack of yin. " "Jade Letter Sutra" says, "Miss is the one who is lonely in Yang and lacks Yin. For example, widowers and widows are said to be infertile. " Although fertilization and pregnancy are not necessarily related to the simultaneous climax of husband and wife's sexual life, people should not be harsh on the ancients. However, it is commendable to use yin and yang to explain the loneliness of yang and the deficiency of yin, and then infer the importance of harmonious sex life.

4 men are superior to women.

Dry for the sky, Kun for the ground; As a man, Kun is a woman. In the Book of Changes, "Heaven is higher than the earth", which naturally becomes that men are superior to women. In ancient China, men were superior to women for more than 2,000 years, and men were as expensive as Zhang and women as cheap as tiles, which was based on this understanding.

The rule of "men are superior to women" makes women's status low, and they are not allowed to take the imperial examination, hold public office or engage in most social occupations. Although women are allowed to engage in certain socially necessary occupations, some occupations are even only suitable for women. However, all women engaged in these occupations are included in the "three aunts and six grandmothers" who are discriminated against (nuns, Taoist priests, fortune tellers; As a matchmaker who matches people to buy and sell handmaids and concubines, a matchmaker who introduces marriage, a wizard or teacher who draws spells to pray for disaster relief, a pimp in a brothel, a medicine woman who sells medicine, and a stable woman who delivers babies, she has become a humble and other untouchable.

5 Master and Slave

Although the Book of Changes does not directly discuss the obedience of men to women, there is a saying that men are superior to women, and lowliness naturally leads to submission to dignity, so it is natural for women to obey men. In ancient China, women's independent personality was completely deprived. They are unmarried and obedient to their fathers, married and obedient to their husbands, and "from one to the other" from the end. Ancient women were in a subordinate position at any time and were men's accessories all their lives.

Both The Book of Changes and The Elephant say that women are loyal to their own lives. "The meaning of' chastity' in Oracle Bone Inscriptions of the Book of Changes is different from that of later generations." Chastity is one of the four virtues of "doing" (yuan, constancy, reason and truth), which means "doing is heaven". Heaven can make everything exist permanently and stably, so it is called "chastity". "Ji" is a large number of divination characters in the Book of Changes, which means auspiciousness and auspiciousness. Therefore, "women are faithful, faithful. At that time, it meant "a woman's lasting good luck and happiness is faithful to her life". The' chastity' of later generations refers to adhering to the right path without self-chaos, innocence and beauty. " Chastity means "resolutely and permanently maintaining purity and cleanliness." "

The Book of Changes is interpreted by later generations as "one woman does not serve two husbands". Women are required to be chaste before marriage, faithful after marriage, widowed and even martyred, all for the sake of "one woman does not serve two husbands". In order to stabilize the family structure as the cornerstone of feudal society, women were sacrificed and forced to be chaste, widows were forced to be widowed, and their fiancé was forced to commit suicide after her death until she was martyred. The negative consequences of hurting women in this way are all because of "singleness."

6 men are outside the house and women are inside.

"Women are inside, men are outside, men and women are different, and the meaning of heaven and earth is also." (Book of Changes, The House of Thirty-seven Gossips) This statement established the feudal rule of "men dominate outside and women dominate inside" in later generations.

The exterior is yang and the interior is yin, so married women are called "my wife". They can only do housework, serve their in-laws, help each other and educate their children. They can't leave the house without the permission of their in-laws or husbands, and they are absolutely forbidden to participate in any public activities.