What kind of plant is this

Scientific name of Chinese milk vetch Chinese milk vetch alias buckwheat medicine, safflower, grass seed, etc. Placed in Leguminosae and Astragalus. Now it is distributed in Central Asia and West Asia, and it is mostly planted in rice fields as green manure. As early as the Ming and Qing Dynasties, China planted large areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which were widely distributed in areas with 24 ~ 35 degrees north latitude. Edit this paragraph of Leguminosae

Astragalus (Leguminosae) is an annual or perennial herb. Also known as safflower swaying. Green manure and feed are important crops. According to growth period and maturity, it can be divided into three types: early, middle and late. The taproot is hypertrophy and the lateral root is developed. Stems erect or procumbent, pinnately compound leaves, racemes nearly umbellate, pods slender and slightly curved. Sexual preference for warm and humid environment. It has certain cold tolerance and needs enough water during the whole growth period. When the soil moisture is lower than 12%, the seedlings will die. The requirements for soil are not strict, and sandy and clayey loam with pH value of 5.5 ~ 7.5 are more suitable. Poor salt tolerance, not suitable for planting in saline-alkali land. Cross-pollination has a high hybridization rate. Chinese milk vetch is used as green manure in rice fields in winter in south China because of its high nutritional composition and feed value. Edit the shape and changes of this paragraph.

Once every two years (super year)

Chinese milk vetch

Herbs are the most important winter green manure crops in rice fields in China, and most of them are interplanted in late rice fields in autumn. The main fine varieties of Chinese milk vetch are Leping, Changde, Minzi 1 and so on.

Chinese milk vetch

Mature varieties are Daye, Pingning No.3 and Minzi No.6 in yujiang county County, and late-maturing varieties are Ningbo Bridge and Zhezi No.5. Besides being used as green manure, Chinese milk vetch can also be directly used as feed or silage, with high nutritional value. The taproot of Chinese milk vetch is relatively large, generally buried 40 ~ 50 cm. The lateral roots are shallow in the soil, so they have weak drought resistance and strong moisture resistance. Nodules can be planted on the main roots, lateral roots and fine roots of Chinese milk vetch, and most of them are lateral roots. The stem is cylindrical, hollow, tender and juicy, with sparse hair. The plant height of cultivated varieties is generally 80 ~ 120 cm, while that of wild varieties is only 10 ~ 30 cm. The leaves are mostly odd pinnate compound leaves, with leaflets 7 ~ 13. Leaflets entire, obovate or elliptic. Flowers are umbels, usually axillary, rarely terminal, and often have more than 8 ~ 10 florets, which are born on pedicels and arranged in a wheel shape. Pods are arranged in two rows, connected into a triangle, slightly curved, hairless and beaked at the top. Each pod has 4 ~ 10 seeds, which are kidney-shaped, smooth and generally yellow-green. The 1000-grain weight is 3 ~ 3.5g. Edit the cultivation management in this section.

Chinese milk vetch

The suitable temperature for seed germination of Chinese milk vetch is 15℃ ~ 25℃, and it needs to absorb more water and a lot of oxygen during germination. The growth of root system in seedling stage is faster than that in shoot. During overwintering, the growth of roots and aboveground parts is slow. After spring, the growth of aboveground system accelerated, but the growth of root system remained stable. After budding, the growth rate of aboveground system suddenly accelerated, and the dry weight could be increased by 65,438 0.3 times in about half a month, so the dry matter of aboveground system at the initial flowering stage greatly exceeded that of root system. At full flowering stage, the dry matter ratio of root and shoot is about 1: 4 ~ 6. The rhizobia of Astragalus sinicus belongs to the rhizobia family of Astragalus sinicus, and is not a resident microbial flora in soil. In areas where Chinese milk vetch is not planted, it is generally necessary to inoculate rhizobia. The activity of rhizobia is very weak when it turns green, but it rises sharply after turning green, reaches its peak at the initial flowering stage, and then drops rapidly. The plant height of Chinese milk vetch grows slowly at seedling stage, and gradually accelerates with the increase of temperature after spring, and increases rapidly after budding stage, with the fastest growth rate from initial flowering stage to full flowering stage, and the length of plant height growth from budding stage to full flowering stage accounts for about 2/3 of the final flowering stage. The flowering period of Chinese milk vetch is generally 30 ~ 40 days, and the flowers with the first pair of big branches on the main stem and base open first, and then open in turn according to the order in which the branches appear. The trunk and branches are open one by one from bottom to top. The natural hybridization rate of Chinese milk vetch is very high, generally above 60%. It usually takes about 20 to 30 days from flowering to blackening. Chinese milk vetch likes warm climate and generally has obvious wintering period. The seedling stage is below 8℃, and the growth is slow; After spring, when the average temperature of the day reaches above 6℃ ~ 8℃, the growth rate is obviously accelerated. The optimum temperature for flowering and pod setting is 13℃ ~ 20℃. Chinese milk vetch grows well in wet and well-drained soil, and is afraid of early waterlogging. The most suitable soil moisture content is 20% ~ 25%, and the soil is mainly loam with light texture. When sowing, we should first choose suitable varieties and fields with good irrigation and drainage conditions. Before sowing, seeds generally need to be treated, including seed cleaning, salt water selection, seed soaking, rhizobia and phosphate dressing. Because of the different climate and stubble, the sowing date varies greatly. Proper early sowing can improve the yield of fresh grass and seeds, but it should not be too early. It is suitable for sowing when the average daily temperature is lower than 25℃ in autumn and higher than 5℃ in spring. The sowing amount is generally 2.5 ~ 5 kg per mu, and the grass yield will increase with the increase of sowing amount, but it will have no effect if it is too high. It is suitable for 4 ~ 5 kg in the north and 2 ~ 3 kg in the south. Sowing can be carried out in fields with good water and fertilizer conditions, and wide strip sowing or dense planting can also be used in dry land, real land or when the sowing amount is small. Maintaining suitable soil moisture and coordinating the relationship between water and gas are important links to ensure the high yield of Chinese milk vetch seedlings. Before sowing, if you interplant rice at the bottom, you should first dig trenches and dry the fields. Except the pipe trench, a straight pipe trench is generally opened every 10 ~ 15 meters and connected with the pipe trench. Dry fields had better have footprints instead of feet. Plowing and sowing also requires ditching. Tillage sowing or interplanting sowing in dry land should be carried out with furrow irrigation after sowing, so that the soil can absorb enough water to facilitate germination and rooting. If there is no irrigation condition, you can rake the seeds into the soil after sowing and sow them before or after rain. If the rice field is interplanted, it needs to be watered with a shallow layer that can last for two days. 2 ~ 3 days after sowing, the seeds have germinated. From then until the seedlings take root, it is forbidden to water the fields, otherwise the floating roots will rot, but too dry will also affect the rooting. Before rice harvest 10 days to spring, soil moisture should be kept moist but not moist, so that water and gas can be coordinated, roots can develop well, seedlings can grow healthily and stress resistance can be enhanced. The application of rhizobia fertilizer is one of the key indicators for the success or failure of cultivating Chinese milk vetch in the newly expanded area, and it is also an effective measure to increase production in the old area. Seed dressing is the best inoculation method, as well as rice paste and mud. It can be used as an adhesive when dressing seeds, so that microbial agents can be attached to the surface of seeds, which can improve the yield-increasing effect of bacterial fertilizer. In order to improve the yield of Chinese milk vetch, appropriate fertilization measures should generally be taken. Phosphorus fertilizer should be applied first. Pay attention to the selection of phosphate fertilizer varieties when applying phosphate fertilizer, so as not to hurt seeds. The dosage of phosphate fertilizer is preferably 20 kg of superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate per mu, and it can be increased to 30 kg in soil with special phosphorus deficiency. Potassium fertilizer can significantly increase the yield of fresh grass of Chinese milk vetch, especially in the area of interplanting rice at the bottom of the southern valley. Potassium fertilizer is generally applied when rice is harvested or the first real leaf appears, and the dosage is generally 5 ~ 10 kg potassium sulfate per mu. As for nitrogen fertilizer, a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer can be applied in poor soil at seedling stage to promote root growth and nodule formation. From mid-February to early March, when Chinese milk vetch grows rapidly after spring, applying 3 ~ 5 kg urea per mu can significantly increase the yield of Chinese milk vetch. In addition, in conditional areas, the application of organic fertilizer as base fertilizer has good effects on seedling growth, nodule development and whole seedling of Chinese milk vetch, especially on red soil paddy soil. Edit maintenance points in this section.

Start sowing at the right time

Chinese milk vetch likes cool climate. Late rice can be sown at full heading stage, that is, about 25 days before harvest, and the sowing amount per mu is 1.5 kg. Before sowing, paddy fields should be exposed to prevent water accumulation, and dry fields should be watered once. Seeds should be dried and rubbed (ground) thoroughly. Sun-drying seeds can promote the activity of enzymes in seeds and improve the germination rate of seeds, generally for half a day; Rubbing (grinding) seeds can wipe off the waxy layer on the surface of seeds, making them easy to absorb water. You can mix the seeds with coarse sand, rub them by hand, or grind them gently with a rice mill until the seed skin is smooth. Soaking seeds can accelerate seed coat softening, promote seed germination, and make seedlings emerge quickly and evenly. After soaking in water for 12-24 hours, it can be picked up and dried to accelerate germination. Be careful not to soak seeds in dry fields to prevent water-deficient buds from drying up after sowing.

Mixed rhizobia

When the seeds germinate, the rhizobia are mixed together, and the seeds are mixed with cold porridge soup. 0.5 kg of rhizobia of Astragalus sinicus can be mixed with 7.5 kg of Astragalus sinicus seeds to sow 5 mu.

Timely fertilization

Mainly apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and apply nitrogen fertilizer appropriately. After harvesting late rice, apply 10- 15 kg of calcium superphosphate and 1000 kg of manure per mu to promote early nodulation and early seedling raising. Before and after the "winter solstice", apply 3-4 kilograms of potassium fertilizer or 50 kilograms of plant ash per mu to improve the cold resistance of seedlings. After "beginning of spring", apply 3-5 kilograms of urea per mu to accelerate the bursting of branches and leaves after spring warming and increase the yield of fresh seedlings.

Strengthen on-site management

After the harvest of late rice, open the ring ditch, box ditch and cross drain ditch in time to keep the field moist in the early stage and prevent water accumulation (especially in the later stage); The main disease is powdery mildew, and 0.05% carbendazim can be sprayed. Pests include aphids and thrips, which can be controlled by dimethoate. Use 90% trichlorfon100g, rice vinegar150ml and saccharin 5g per mu to control the water content of 75kg. Pay attention to prevent thrips from blooming in reserved fields and improve pod setting rate. At the same time, it is necessary to avoid livestock damage.

Timely pressing green

Generally, green pressing should be carried out 15-20 days before the full flowering period of early transplanting, and 25-40 kilograms of lime should be applied per mu during green pressing to promote the decay and maturity of Chinese milk vetch and neutralize the acidity. The main diseases of Chinese milk vetch are budding insects, thrips and Xanthomonas.

Chinese milk vetch is an important organic fertilizer resource and the main winter green manure crop in rice fields, which plays an important role in improving soil, improving soil fertility and increasing grain yield. Key points of spring management:

banking

Clean ditches in time after spring to reduce the groundwater level in the field and promote the good growth of Chinese milk vetch roots.

Fertilization in spring

After the warm spring, the stems and leaves of Chinese milk vetch grow rapidly, which requires a lot of fertilizer and should be topdressing in time. The application period of spring fertilizer is at the end of February or the beginning of March, and 2.5 ~ 3kg of urea, 3 ~ 4kg of potassium chloride and 0/00 ~ 200kg of grey fertilizer/kloc-are applied per mu. Applying trace element fertilizers such as boron and molybdenum to Chinese milk vetch has a better supplementary effect, especially the effect of seed conservation. Foliar spraying is the best application method. Spraying concentration: borax is 0. 1 ~ 0. 15% solution and ammonium molybdate is 0.05% solution, and the spraying period is in the middle and late March. Edit major diseases in this section.

The disease of Chinese milk vetch is mainly powdery mildew. If powdery mildew is found in the growing period (especially in Taneda), carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl 1000 times solution or 0.4 degree sulfur mixed solution can be sprayed. The main pests are aphids, thrips and liriomyza sativae. 10 ~ 20g pyridaben spray, or 10 ~ 20g 90% trichlorfon spray with 30 ~ 50kg water, or 1000 ~ 1500 times 40% dimethoate EC spray can be used for control. Edit the feeding value and utilization technology of this paragraph

Chinese milk vetch is an excellent feed, which is often used by the masses to feed pigs. Cattle, sheep, horses and rabbits like to eat, while chickens and geese eat a little. Chinese milk vetch has tender and juicy stems and leaves, rich leaves and rich nutrition, and is a first-class high-quality forage. It can be prepared from green feed, hay, hay powder and silage. Harvesting in different periods will affect the quality and chemical composition of hay. According to the measured data of Sichuan Agricultural College, Sichuan Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute and Hunan Province, the chemical composition and nutritional value of Chinese milk vetch are high in different harvest periods and under different conditions. Every 100 g fresh grass contains 6250 international units of carotene and vitamin C 1386 mg. It can be seen that the nutritional value of Chinese milk vetch is very high. Chinese milk vetch generally produces fresh grass per mu 1500 ~ 2500 kg, and its height is above 3500 ~ 4000 kg. The use of Chinese milk vetch in rice fields in southern China has a long history and rich experience. Two-thirds of the upper part is used as feed for pigs, and the lower part is used as green manure, which not only raises pigs but also enriches the fields. According to the experiment of former East China Institute of Agricultural Sciences, after feeding pigs with Chinese milk vetch hay powder, the recoverable components in pig manure are 75.6% nitrogen, 86.2% phosphorus (phosphorus pentoxide) and 77.8% potassium. Planting Chinese milk vetch can provide more organic matter and nitrogen for soil, which is of great significance to maintain nitrogen cycle in farmland ecosystem in southern China. Edit this application.

I. Agricultural value

Used as green manure and feed, and can be used as medicine. There are several ways for Chinese milk vetch to feed pigs. ① Fresh feeding: 1 kg concentrate with 6 ~ 7 kg fresh Chinese milk vetch is better. ② Silage feeding: Silage has the advantages of long storage time, large storage capacity, low cost, less loss of nutrients and good taste. Pigs like to eat Chinese milk vetch silage, which can be mixed with about 50% in general. It should be noted that although ruminants such as cattle, sheep and horses can use Chinese milk vetch as feed, they should not eat too much to avoid bloating. Fresh Chinese milk vetch grass can be silaged in cement pits, soil pits, polyethylene bags, cans and barrels, and can be popularized and applied in various places according to local conditions. Generally speaking, the storage time of polyethylene bags should not exceed 3 months, because they are easily damaged. After harvesting, fresh Chinese milk vetch should be dried for 2 ~ 3 days to reduce the water content to about 70%, and then chopped and silaged to avoid nutrient loss caused by excessive water in the silage process. Chinese milk vetch contains more protein and less carbohydrate, which is a kind of green fodder that is difficult to ensile. Adding more carbohydrate-containing feeds such as distiller's grains, rice bran and gramineous grasses can effectively solve the problem of dry matter and crude protein loss. When silage takes a long time, it is generally better not to add salt.

Second, the medicinal value

Name of Chinese Medicine: Astragalus sinicus, also known as Leguminosae Astragalus sinicus, Tribulus terrestris, Carthamus tinctorius and Astragalus sinicus, is used as medicine with roots, whole grass and seeds. Harvest in summer and autumn, fresh or dry. The taste is slightly pungent, slightly sweet and flat. This species is a poisonous plant included in the plant atlas database of China, and its toxicity is partially toxic in the whole grassland. Feeding pigs with fresh stems and leaves or grazing cattle in Chinese milk vetch fields can cause poisoning, and the poisoning rate is 7 yin. About. The main symptoms of poisoning in pigs and cattle are nervous system disorder, muscle weakness and quadriplegia. In the early stage of pig raw food poisoning, salivation, trembling limbs, clumsy gait and hypothermia followed by dilated pupils, excitement and confusion. Some people are depressed, standing still, crawling or dragging, refusing to eat and lying down in serious cases. The symptoms of cattle are similar to those of pigs, and there are also aimless circular movements and mouth support. After symptomatic treatment, it can return to normal in 3-4 days, and there are few deaths. In addition, livestock eating whole grass moldy due to fungal pollution will cause "warping disease", mainly hemorrhagic anemia, which often leads to death. Functions: expelling wind, improving eyesight, invigorating spleen and qi, detoxicating and relieving pain. Root: used for hepatitis, nutritional edema, leucorrhea and irregular menstruation. Whole grass: used for acute conjunctivitis, neuralgia, herpes zoster, furuncle, carbuncle and hemorrhoid. Usage and dosage: fresh roots 2 ~ 3 Liang, whole grass 0.5 ~ 1 Liang, seeds 2 ~ 3 Liang. Appropriate amount for external use, mashed with fresh grass, or crushed with hay. Remarks: (1) The seeds of Astragalus sinicus are called tribulus terrestris as medicine in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces. Sichuan calls Tribulus terrestris a medicinal material. Excerpt from this passage edited by the National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine.

Chinese milk vetch is one of the main honey source plants in China, and each colony of bees can collect 20 ~ 30 kilograms of honey at flowering stage, up to 50 kilograms. Milk vetch honey is a kind of high-quality honey brewed by bees from milk vetch flowers. After vacuum low-temperature concentration, it retains the nutrition and active components of honey. 100% pure natural, sweet and nutritious. Main features: 1. Clear color, fragrant smell, sweet but not greasy taste. 2. It is beneficial to improve the deficiency of both qi and blood. 3. Conducive to improving anorexia. 4. Conducive to improving listlessness, dizziness and upset. 5. Suitable for all ages. Milk vetch honey, sweet in taste, is beneficial to digestive system diseases and people with poor appetite. It can relieve the burning sensation in the stomach, eliminate nausea and nausea, relieve the irritating symptoms of gastrointestinal mucosal inflammation, help food digestion and promote ulcer healing, and should be taken on an empty stomach. Milk vetch honey, also known as safflower honey or grass seed honey, is the main honey variety in southern China in spring. It has a natural fresh and pleasant grass fragrance, sweet but not greasy, fresh and clean, sweet, and the color is light amber. This product not only has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, nourishing the middle energizer and moistening dryness, but also can dispel wind, improve eyesight, reduce swelling and induce diuresis, and has a certain auxiliary effect on cough due to wind phlegm, sore throat and hemorrhoids caused by excessive internal heat. It is a health product for people with exuberant deficiency fire. Generally speaking, the main function of Chinese milk vetch honey is to regulate the digestive system, moisten the intestines and spread the lungs, and it has a good detoxification effect. Storage method: Store in a cool, ventilated and dry place. If there is crystallization, it is a normal physical property-glucose crystallization, which will never affect the quality and effect. How to take it: Take it with warm boiled water, or mix it with milk and soybean milk. It is not advisable to take it with boiling water, so as not to destroy natural nutrients and floral fragrance. Edit this flower story

Chinese milk vetch flower language: happiness, expectation and loveless flower language divination: you are a rational and calm person, sincere, and have won the support and trust of your friends. But you lack a mature charm, and you need to increase your appeal through interpersonal relationships. It is not easy to make rapid progress in love, and happiness will certainly accompany you. Lucky flowers: sweet pea flowers, bitter sous, roses Proverbs: Happiness is not inevitable, as long as you know how to cherish it, happiness is at your fingertips. Edit this paragraph: Chinese milk vetch poisoning

The cause of disease

Chinese milk vetch is divided into non-toxic and toxic. Poisoned milk vetch can be poisoned by all kinds of domestic animals, especially horses. Generally, local livestock can tell, but they may eat when they are too hungry. If ingested in large quantities, it can cause acute poisoning; Long-term small intake can form chronic poisoning. Poisonous Chinese milk vetch grass is poisonous, and its toxicity will not decrease after drying.

symptom

Acute poisoning often happens suddenly and dies within a few days. The onset of chronic diseases is slow and the symptoms are mild, which can be delayed for several months or more than 1 year. After poisoning, he was depressed, lost appetite, walked unsteadily, and his hind legs were weak. Sometimes he lay on the ground, unable to stand because of paralysis of his hind legs, and eventually died. In some cases, after poisoning, the muscles lose control, run blindly, and often fall to the ground because of paralysis. Cattle poisoning often has severe and restless symptoms; Pregnant cows often miscarry. The symptoms of chronic poisoning in sheep are not obvious, and the teeth gradually turn black and loose.

Prevention and cure method

It is best to remove the poisonous Chinese milk vetch from the pasture when the seeds are immature in May and June. Do it 2-3 times a year, year after year. After horse poisoning, potassium arsenite solution can be taken orally (1 time/day, 20 ml each time). For cattle poisoning, it is best to inject nitrate subcutaneously 0.008-0. 15 every year 1 time for 3 days.

Edit the dietotherapy value of this paragraph

Young leaves of Astragalus sinicus, a leguminous herb. Also known as warping, rice bag, safflower, safflower, lotus and crab yellow flower. Distributed in Southwest China, Central South China, East China and Shaanxi, widely cultivated. Take it in spring, wash it and use it fresh. [Sexual taste] Sweet, pungent and flat. It can clear away heat and toxic materials, induce diuresis and stop bleeding. [Reference] Contains fenugreek, choline, adenine, fat, protein, starch, multivitamins, histidine, arginine, malonic acid, concanavaline, etc. 【 Usage 】 Used for sore throat and wind-heat cough; Hot water shower, bad urination; Bleeding gums, bleeding hemorrhoids. [Usage] Make soup and stir fry. [Attachment] 1, water shield soup: 50g of Chinese milk vetch and 30g of water shield. Add water to make soup. This recipe has the functions of clearing away lung heat and clearing away heat and toxic materials. For lung heat, sore throat and cough. 2, milk vetch juice: milk vetch 60g, finely cut, mashed and juiced. Take it with cold boiled water 3~5 times a day. Originated from modern practical Chinese medicine. This product has the effects of clearing away heat and stopping bleeding. Mainly used for gingival bleeding. Edit the no-tillage planting technology of Chinese milk vetch rice field in this paragraph

Chinese milk vetch can enrich soil fertility, improve land cultivation performance and improve soil environment. The effect of increasing yield is also obvious, which is about 40-60 kg higher than that of the field without Chinese milk vetch, and the commercial fertilizer can be reduced by more than 30%. If no-tillage technology is combined with Chinese milk vetch production, it can effectively save labor, reduce investment and cost, and thus improve production efficiency.

First, the relationship between Chinese milk vetch production and early tillage and no-tillage

Since the popularization of rice no-tillage technology, the late rice no-tillage technology is simple and effective, while the early rice no-tillage technology is relatively difficult to popularize because of the influence of field conditions and weather. First, the early cultivated land was hard and cracked due to freezing and drying in winter, and there were few weeds in the field. After destroying the field, the water leakage is serious, the water consumption is large, the soil surface layer softens slowly and takes a long time. Second, in early cropping, there is usually more rain and lower temperature in March and April, which affects the progress of hay fermentation, soil softening and spraying effect. In order to solve the above problems in early rice planting and no-tillage production, it is necessary to vigorously promote the planting of Chinese milk vetch. Because Chinese milk vetch is destroyed, it will rot quickly even in rainy days, and the soil surface is softened and of good quality, which shortens the treatment time; After treatment, the field was covered with a thick, thin and soft humus to reduce water leakage, and some soil was planted with seedlings, which provided good conditions for no-tillage

Second, the planting techniques of Chinese milk vetch

1, soaking seeds to accelerate germination. Soak the seeds in clean water for 12-24 hours (change water for 1-2 times during soaking), and take them out to dry. Then pile the dried seeds to accelerate germination, and turn them 1 time in the process of piling. When the seeds germinate naked, mix rhizobia indoors, put the seeds and rhizobia into a pot, mix them fully (the ratio of rhizobia to seeds is 1: 10), and plant them after a little drying. 2. Choose the land for sowing. To choose the land with convenient irrigation and drainage, it is generally suitable to sow in the first half of June 65438+ 10, that is, 15-20 days before rice harvest, and the sowing amount per mu is 1.25- 1.5 kg. 3. On-site management. (1) Keep the fields moist when sowing, and don't let the seeds suffer from waterlogging. If they are too dry, water them. Irrigation with "Happy Horse Water" in dry winter keeps the soil moist, and pay attention to drainage after warm spring. (2) When harvesting, try to reduce mechanical damage, and leave straw heads more than 20 cm high for shade. ③ Topdressing. The first topdressing is 4-5 days before mowing, and when the soil is wet, 5-7.5 kilograms of compound fertilizer is applied per mu; The second time, before the "winter solstice", plant ash, 8- 10 tons of mixed soil and miscellaneous fertilizer, and rainwater were used as overwintering fertilizer.

Third, the destruction and no-tillage of Chinese milk vetch.

In order to apply the production of Chinese milk vetch to no-tillage technology, winter Chinese milk vetch planted in a large area can be directly developed, destroyed, retted and thrown, and the purpose of no-tillage is also achieved. 1, the technical point of destruction. Choose rainy weather/0/0 day before early rice seedling throwing, and drain the accumulated water in Chinese milk vetch field (yield of fresh Chinese milk vetch per mu/0/000 kg or more). Use herbicide (400g/mu of Roundup or 300g/mu of Gramoxone) to mix with 80kg of water, and spray Chinese milk vetch evenly to keep the field free of water. After 3 days, it is filled with water for retting, and seedlings can be thrown after 5-7 days. Before throwing seedlings, dry the field water or let it fall naturally, and evenly apply the lower fertilizer ammonium bicarbonate 15 kg/mu and phosphate fertilizer 20 kg/mu to level the field surface. 2. No-tillage and seedling throwing. 10 days later, you can throw Chinese milk vetch at this time. When throwing seedlings, you can throw them very high (about 3 meters from the field). Irrigate the fields with shallow water after throwing the seedlings, and check the seedlings regularly to avoid water leakage. After 7 days, 85% of the seedlings can be established. At this time, topdressing and weeding should be done first, and then seedling raising and management should be carried out according to conventional throwing planting. Edit this paragraph of Chinese milk vetch seed pelleting planting technology

1. Technology Introduction Green manure is an important means to supplement soil nutrients, improve soil fertility and increase crop yield. In recent years, China's cultivated land is unbalanced, the quality of cultivated land is declining, and the degradation phenomenon is becoming more and more serious. Popularizing high-yield and high-quality green manure planting technology can increase soil nutrients, improve the quantity and quality of soil organic matter, renew soil humus, increase nutrient availability, improve soil fertility, improve soil physical and chemical properties, promote soil microbial activity, enhance soil enzyme activity and improve crop growth and development conditions. Cultivate high-yield and high-quality Chinese milk vetch varieties, pellete the seeds, reasonably prepare the nutrient elements needed for the growth and development of Chinese milk vetch, wrap the seeds on the surface with adhesive, and mechanically granulate to form super-large coated fertilizer seeds, increase the volume and weight of the seeds, and solve the problems of difficult sowing of rice fertilizer and low germination and emergence rate. So as to reduce the sowing amount, save about 60% of the seed amount per mu, scientifically match the granular coated nutritional raw materials, and promote the high yield and high quality of green manure. 2. Technical points: The raw materials of coated seeds of Chinese milk vetch account for 2/3, and the pure seeds account for 1/3. The particle size of the finished coated seeds is 3-5 mm, and each kilogram of coated seeds is about 1 100000. Each coated seed contains 2-4 pure seeds of Chinese milk vetch. (1) Seed treatment: Carefully sun-seed, select seeds and remove wax for the improved varieties of Chinese milk vetch harvested in that year. (2) Granulation: put the treated seeds into a granulating tray, start the ball-bottom disc granulator, and spray adhesive with a high-pressure sprayer while rotating. When the seed surface is wet, add buffer to make it completely bonded into particles, and when no loose particles can be seen, add fertilizer. When adding fertilizer, it is also necessary to spray adhesive while rotating the granulator until the coated seeds are fully formed. (3) 80×800 drum drying equipment system is used for drying, and the drying temperature should be controlled at 60 ~ 70℃ for 65438 05 minutes. (4) sieving, and re-granulating a small amount of loose pellets. (5) packaging: packaging and sealing the finished pill coated seeds. (6) The integrated high-yield cultivation technology of Chinese milk vetch seed pelleting is the enhancement of the comprehensive high-yield technology of green manure in winter, including seed selection (sclerotium removal), seed drying, seed cloud wax (to improve seed germination rate) and fertilizer blending (phosphorus fertilizer, molybdenum fertilizer and boron fertilizer), which simplifies the operation. The sowing amount of pelleted seeds is about 3 kg per mu, which reduces the sowing amount by about 50%, increases the yield of fresh grass by more than 10%, reduces the cost and improves the nitrogen content of fresh grass.