Who is the author of the Book of Changes?

The Book of Changes, also known as the Book of Changes or the Book of Changes, is the source of natural philosophy and ethical practice in China's traditional ideology and culture, and the oldest primitive divination in China, which has had a great influence on China culture. It is said that Fu He (Ji Chang) summed it up according to the river map and Luo Shu (which also produced the Eight Diagrams of the Book of Changes). It is the crystallization of China's 5,000-year-old wisdom culture and is known as "the head of the group classics and the source of the avenue". In ancient times, it was the study of emperors and a required skill for politicians, strategists and businessmen. The Book of Changes is essentially a book about divination. "Divination" is to predict the development of future events, and The Book of Changes is a book that summarizes the laws and theories of these predictions.

The Book of Changes includes the Book of Changes and biographies:

1, classics are divided into upper classics and lower classics. There are thirty hexagrams in Attending Beijing, thirty-four hexagrams in Xia Jing and one hexagram in * * *.

Sixty-four hexagrams evolved from the eight diagrams of doing, seeing, rooting, truth, training, reason, Kun and dui. Each hexagram consists of hanging pictures, titles, hexagrams and words.

Each hexagram painting has six hexagrams, which are divided into yang hexagrams and yin hexagrams. The masculine gender is called "nine" and the feminine gender is called "six". Arranged in six rows from bottom to top, they are called primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary, tertiary and quotient in turn. Sixty-four paintings, 384 hexagrams.

The title is related to the content of hexagrams. Gua usually plays a role in explaining the meaning of the topic before rhetoric; Yaoci is the main part of each hexagram, which is arranged in the order of six hexagrams according to the relevant content.

2. There are seven kinds of ten articles in Biography, namely: group up and down, item up and down, classical Chinese, cohesion, up and down, divination, miscellaneous divination and preface divination.

The ancients called these ten biographies "Ten Wings", which means attaching biographies to the wings of classics, that is, to explain the contents of classics.

(1) Xun is a special annotation on the names and words of the hexagrams in the Book of Changes.

⑵. Xiang is a comment on the names and words of hexagrams in the Book of Changes.

(3) The classical Chinese has further explained the two hexagrams of Gan and Kun.

(4) This kind of cohesion is different from Xun He Xiang. It is not an item-by-item annotation of the hexagrams in the Book of Changes, but an overall comment on the Book of Changes. This is the first book in ancient China that comprehensively and systematically explains the origin, principle, significance and divination of Yi. It expounds many ideas that can't be seen from the original meaning of the Book of Changes, which is the philosophical program of the Book of Changes. Its content is extensive and profound, and it is a must-read for studying Yi.

5] Shuo Gua is a concrete explanation of eight diagrams and images, and it is one of the theoretical bases for studying tricks.

[6], "Miscellaneous hexagrams" is sixty-four hexagrams. In the opposite or wrong form, the comprehensive hexagrams are compared with the wrong hexagrams, and the relationship between hexagrams and hexagrams is seen from the shape of hexagrams.

Once, tell the order of sixty-four hexagrams.

Fifthly, the cosmological thinking mode of the Book of Changes is "the unity of heaven and man".

"The Unity of Heaven and Man" is a way of thinking in the universe, the most important concept in the philosophical thought system of Zhouyi, and also an important concept in the traditional culture of China.

The highest ideal of the Book of Changes is to realize the realm of "harmony between man and nature".

In the Book of Changes, Gan and Kun are used to represent heaven and earth, and heaven and earth represent nature. The Book of Changes holds that everything in heaven and earth is "unified" in heaven, and heaven and earth complement each other and are indispensable. But after all, the earth is "obedient to the sky", so the sky can represent the whole nature.

Although man is born to be the place of heaven and earth, he is only a natural member of all things, but he is different from all things after all. Because people have the nature of "benevolence and righteousness" and the principle of "life", this determines that people have a sacred mission in all things in the world.

In the words of the Book of Changes, it means "cutting into the way of heaven and earth and assisting heaven and earth." Nature provides everything that human beings need to survive. While obtaining all the living conditions provided by nature, people should "cut" and "assist" nature to complete its meaning of life, so as to achieve the purpose of human life.

The Book of Changes, a universal thinking mode of "harmony between man and nature", pays full attention to understanding and grasping the world from a holistic perspective, and regards man and nature as an organic whole that interacts with each other.

Sixth, the overall philosophy of the Book of Changes: "Yin and Yang".

The copula says, "One yin and one yang are the Tao." Yin and Yang is one of the important thoughts of China's ancient philosophy, and it is also the overall philosophical thought of Yijing, which is the core of its connotation.

1, the core of the image in the Book of Changes:

The divinatory symbols in the Book of Changes are based on the two symbols of Yin and Yang, which are arranged and combined into eight diagrams according to the law of the rise and fall of Yin and Yang.

The composition and arrangement of gossip embodies the idea of interaction between yin and yang and unity of opposites. The Eight Diagrams take Yin and Yang as the core, which are overlapped and combined into sixty-four hexagrams.

2. Two aspects of the matter:

Besides the Yin and Yang in the original meaning of the hexagrams, The Book of Changes regards Yin and Yang as the essence of things and the law of their changes, and endows many concrete (natural and social) things with the meaning of Yin and Yang.

(1) From the natural phenomenon: "The sky is Yang, the earth is Yin, the day is Yang, the month is Yin, the summer is Yang, the cold is Yin, the light is Yang, the darkness is Yin, the day is Yang, and the night is Yin ...".

(2) From the social phenomenon: "Men are Yang, women are Yin, gentlemen are Yang, men are Yin, gentlemen are Yang, villains are Yin, ……".

In addition to the above two phenomena, the Book of Changes also uses "Yin and Yang" to explain some phenomena in nature and society, and gives it the meaning of "Yin and Yang". Such as: rigid, soft, healthy, smooth, forward, backward, stretched, curved, expensive, cheap, high, low and so on.

To sum up, the Book of Changes holds that both social life and natural phenomena are opposed, and this opposition is "Yin and Yang".

Seven, the fundamental spirit of the Book of Changes: "Life is easy".

"Life is change" in cohesion is the best answer to "what is change" and the most thorough explanation of the fundamental spirit of "change".

1, "Yi" is based on "living".

"Yi" means "fate", and "fate" is a continuous generation process that never stops. It is not created by a "master", but by nature itself. This is the way of heaven and earth, with "living" as the basic way of existence.

2. "Yi" represents the biochemical process of the universe.

This generation process of "Yi" shows the biochemistry of the universe.

The universe came into being from the chaotic and undivided Tai Chi, and then there was Yin and Yang. From the nature of Yin and Yang, four images, such as Taiyin, Sun, Shaoyin and Shaoyang, were divided into eight diagrams.

The eight groups of symbols in the Eight Diagrams represent the different properties of everything. According to Shuo Gua, "dry and healthy; Kun, Shun also; Shock, movement also; Xun, into also; Kan, sleepy; Stay, Li also; Hey, stop; Exchange, say it. "

These eight attributes can be expressed by the characteristics of "heaven, earth, wind, mountain, water, fire, thunder and peace".

Sixty-four hexagrams are separated from gossip, but it doesn't mean that the generation process of the universe is over by sixty-four hexagrams, and it can actually be unfolded. Therefore, the last two of the sixty-four hexagrams are "auspicious" and "unfortunate", which means that things must have an ending in the end, but this ending is another new beginning.

Eight, the dialectical law of the Book of Changes: "Change leads to long".

"Easy, poor will change, change will pass, and the general rule will last for a long time." This is what is said in cohesion, and it is also an important dialectical principle in the Book of Changes: "Change is constant".

The Book of Changes has a saying of "changing classics" since ancient times, but change and constancy are linked together.

1, the operation law of heaven: "only change is appropriate."

"Cohesion" said: "It is also a book, not far away, and the Tao moves repeatedly and becomes constant. The circulation is six deficiency, ups and downs are impermanent, rigid and flexible. It can't be Canon, it is only suitable for change. "

When things change, they will remain unchanged, and when they remain unchanged, they will change. The Book of Changes shows the unchanging law of "constancy" and the changing law of "constancy". This law is the so-called "heaven", that is, the law of the operation of heaven.

2. Things change according to the law of the operation of heaven.

The ancients believed that everything in the world was changing, only the law of heaven itself remained unchanged, so the change of things must follow the law of the operation of heaven.

The Book of Changes tells the story of divination: "It is the way of establishing heaven with Yin and Yang, the way of standing on the ground, the way of combining rigidity with softness, the way of establishing people, and the way of benevolence and righteousness. These are all three talents. Therefore, the Book of Changes is drawn as a hexagram. Yin and Yang are divided into two parts, both rigid and flexible, so it is easy to be six chapters. "

Every hexagram in the Book of Changes represents the three talents of heaven and earth, and each of them has yin and yang, rigidity and softness, and benevolence and righteousness. The combination of six yin and yang and six hexagrams, that is, the constant change of Tao, interweaves and overlaps with each other, which constitutes the fundamental evolution law of Yi Gua.

3. Therefore, the Book of Changes holds that since everything in the world is changing, only the heaven itself remains unchanged, then people should follow the example of heaven, not go against nature, and keep pace with the times in order to last for a long time.

Nine, two concepts that guide people's behavior in the Book of Changes: "time" and "middle".

In terms of moral cultivation, the Book of Changes requires people's behavior to conform to the two concepts of "time" and "moderation". This concept of "sometimes in time" is a kind of high survival wisdom, which requires people to "stop when they move". People's behavior cooperates and vibrates with the movement of everything in the world and between people and things, so that people's existence can be realized smoothly in the consistency of adaptability.

1, "zhong" refers to the golden mean: it runs in the middle of the natural way of heaven and earth, neither too much nor too bad.

2. "Time" means keeping up with the times:

The significance of knowing the time: notice the opportunity coming and attach importance to the opportunity coming around you.

Know the opportunity: know when the opportunity will come and how to seize it.

Take advantage of the opportunity: seize and use the opportunity to come to you, don't miss it and regret it.

Wait for the opportunity: once the opportunity comes, act, act immediately.

Time change: be able to see the change of time and adjust your behavior accordingly.

Time goes by: start at the right time, stop at the right time, and successfully realize human existence in the connection with everything in the world.

This "timely" survival wisdom of the Book of Changes is completely different from those conservative, servile, closed, introspective and mediocre lifestyles, which constitutes the positive and enterprising character of China people.

(A) the formula of gossip songs

Do it three times, Kun six times, shake the jar, cover the bowl, leave the middle empty, the ridge is full, the sink is missing, and the bottom is broken.

Bagua algebra

Do one, two, three, four, five, six, seven and eight.