The first musical in the world

As early as in ancient Greek drama, there was chorus accompaniment, and some recitations even appeared in the form of singing; In the Middle Ages, miracle dramas with religious stories as the theme and promoting religious views were also filled with incense and continued to this day. Modern western opera, which can really be called "musical", came into being at the end of16th century and the beginning of17th century with the secularization of music culture in the Renaissance. It is generally believed that European musicals came into being at the end of 16. The first opera recognized by the west is Daphne (another translation of Daphne), which was produced under the influence of humanism and tried to restore the spirit of ancient Greek drama. Screenwriter O. Rinuccini and composer J. Perry and J. Colsy performed at the court of Count G. Baldi in Florence on 1597 (completed on 1594). Due to the popularity of opera, Venice established the world's first opera house in 1637. /kloc-At the end of 0/7, the Neapolitan opera school represented by scarlatti was the most influential in Rome. The school did not use chorus and ballet scenes in the play, but highly developed the solo technique called "Bel Canto" by later generations. When this style of "focusing only on singers" goes to extremes, the original dramatic expression and ideological connotation of opera are almost lost. Therefore, in the 1920s of 18, the Xi opera school with daily life as its theme, humorous plot and simple music rose. The first masterpiece of Italian comic opera is the Maid as a Housewife by Paglassie (premiered at 1733), which was originally an opera interlude. 1752 was vilified by conservatives when it was staged in Paris, thus setting off the famous "Great Debate on Happy Opera" in the history of opera. Rousseau's first French comedy opera "Village Diviner" was born under the inspiration of this debate and this opera. Italian opera was first transformed in France and combined with French national culture. Lu Li is the founder of French opera ("lyric tragedy"). He not only created a solo melody closely combined with French, but also took the lead in applying ballet scenes to opera. In Britain, purcell created the first British national opera Didong and Ignace on the basis of his mask drama tradition. In Germany and Austria, Haydn, Dietdorf, Mozart and others developed folk operas into German-Austrian national operas, including Mozart's Magic Flute. By the18th century, Gluck insisted that opera must have profound content, music and drama should be unified, and performance should be simple and natural. His thoughts and works, such as Orflo and Eurydice and Figini of Orid, had a great influence on the development of later operas. /kloc-After the 9th century, Italian opera masters such as G Rossini, G Verdi, G Puccini, German R Wagner, French G Bizet, Russian M.I. glinka, M.P. Musorgskiy and P.N. Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky all made important contributions to the development of opera. Operas, formed in18th century, have evolved into an independent genre. It is characterized by short structure and popular music. Besides solo, duet, chorus and dance, it also uses popular English. Austrian composer Suo Beier and German composer Owen Bach are the founders of this genre. Among the opera composers in the 20th century, Richard Strauss was a representative influenced by Wagner in the early days. After World War I, it was Berger who applied the atonality principle to opera creation. Since the 1940s, there have been: Stravinsky, prokofiev, Mi Yue, Manotti, Barbier, Orff, Janus Della, Henze, Moore and the famous British composer Britten.