What is the relationship between psychology and superstition?

With the development of information, superstition has put on the cloak of science and spread through modern means such as the Internet. "Modern superstitions" have infiltrated the lives of teenagers. At several food stalls near a primary school, traditional witchcraft was put on a fashionable coat. The author found that there are many superstitious toys, such as wishing bottles, lucky grass items, lucky stones, prayer symbols, etc., which often cost about two or three yuan. Xiao Xuan, a fifth-grade primary school student, said: "Many students come to buy these things before each exam, hoping that they can do well in the exam and are afraid of being left behind." In addition, the author also found that some girls like the witchcraft game "Tears of the Demon". The game claims to pick some petals and put them in a bottle with rain. There is a name on the paper in the bottle, so that you can become good friends with the person you wrote on the paper in a week. Annie, a senior two student, said, "voodoo doll is quite popular now! This is a little doll made of twisted thread. When the owner pierces the cloth with the name of the enemy into the doll's heart with a pin, it can bring bad luck to the owner's enemy and protect himself from being framed by others. Its functions are very powerful, including love department, healing department, curse department,' lover doll' and' heart-stealing doll'. These traditional witchcraft entered the campus in a fashionable way. Divination books are under the guise of psychology. In the author's investigation, some books such as constellations, blood types, zodiac signs, and personalities have become bestsellers on the bookstall near the primary and secondary schools. Some reading materials specially aimed at middle school students will also publish so-called "fortune analysis" and test questions under the guise of psychological tests, as well as special brochures for sale. Go to an article "Do you want to be a popular lover? ",the author found specific" guidance "to become a popular lover, including what to eat in the morning, what day to walk to school, what color socks to wear and so on. This kind of test is very popular among some students. It is understood that superstitious ways like this are especially popular with female students. " Now at recess or at noon, I will take out tarot cards to calculate whether the fortune is good or not, whether the mood is smooth or not, or look at magazines about horoscope numerology and horoscope. "Annie said so." There are often spirits in our dormitory! There used to be a novel in the dormitory called Ask the spirits. Later, everyone became interested in this and found a way to ask the sky. Although dubious, many girls have tried. "The bottle of the fourth grade in college introduced the author like this. SMS has become the carrier of modern superstitions, and with the popularity of mobile phones among primary and secondary school students, this communication tool has also become the carrier of many modern superstitions. Recently, many students found such a short message on their mobile phones: "Is there a mystery in my heart? Difficult to solve? Difficult to calculate? If you are in trouble, ask for a spiritual sign and let the gods take you through the maze! "Some SMS operators have also specially launched a mobile game to solve the mystery in your heart, reminding you repeatedly with the" lottery "SMS on your mobile phone:" If you still have unrequited love, quickly calculate his (her) mind here! "Even the commonly used names like Wong Tai Sin and Zhang, and the commonly used terms of fortune tellers like Shangshangqian and Zhong Ping frequently appear in high-tech mobile phone short messages. Internet has put a "scientific" cloak on fortune telling. Nowadays, the content of the online world is varied, and many websites have computer fortune-telling programs for students, such as online fortune-telling, score calculation, seat feng shui and so on. Some even launched the so-called "special service for college entrance examination", claiming to predict grades and exam luck and provide "Feng Shui guidance" for students' study. When the author asked whether there was fortune-telling in Ding Ding's class in the first day of junior high school, he replied cheerfully: "Yes, my classmates predicted many things with the computer a few days ago, such as whether they could do well in this exam. Many students didn't calculate their names on the computer and were planning to change their names." According to related reports, there are currently18,000 divination websites every three days, among which 172 websites have superstitious contents, including palm reading, face reading, constellation, zodiac sign, blood type, constellation and so on. A survey of junior and senior high school students in Beijing shows that 40% students are addicted to online fortune telling. According to a survey report of Chongqing Youth Education Office, more than half of middle school students in Chongqing believe in "fate"; According to the survey conducted by the Institute of Religion of China Academy of Social Sciences and the Atheism Society of China, 465%, 438+0% and 5% middle school students "believe a little" and "believe very much" in online fortune telling. In addition, there are 1 1% middle school students who say that when they encounter something difficult to decide, they will make decisions according to online fortune telling. Nowadays, the phenomenon of "modern superstition" among primary and middle school students is rampant on campus, which deserves educators' attention and vigilance. Revealing why some superstitions seem a little accurate. Why do these "modern superstitions" seem a little accurate? Some secrets of psychology and modern science may make you suddenly realize. One of the reasons: it seems reasonable to use computer combination. According to the analysis of some psychologists and scientists, the principle of online fortune telling, computer divination and other programs is to store a set of superstitious data in a computer through a software program, and then randomly combine them into a database. There is no scientific basis at all. But for some underage students, the fashionable online fortune-telling results seem to have certain credibility. Some websites have grasped this psychology and spread superstitions. The second reason: everyone has some superstitions. A child is like a blank sheet of paper. If the school can't successfully write the word "science" on it, then those websites and books with out-of-line content will smear modern superstitions on it. Psychologist Weiss pointed out in Psychology of Superstition that helplessness, fear and depression are all psychological causes of superstition. Obviously, similar emotions are hard to avoid in adults, not to mention teenagers who are in psychological development and have a particularly naive ability to understand the world rationally. The third reason: expectation will give people psychological hints. It turns out that many students use superstitions such as "voodoo doll" to vent their hatred, or express their love for someone, or pray for health and happiness, which has psychological implications. This superstitious thing constantly arouses the curiosity of teenagers. Although college students are adults, they also have strong curiosity and face multiple pressures such as academic, emotional and employment. When they are at a loss about their future, they hope to find a breakthrough and give answers to some problems that plague them. This expectation is also a psychological suggestion. The fourth reason: what is the secret of setting up some seemingly reasonable astrological and astrological descriptions to meet everyone's needs? In fact, this also has the Barnum effect. In the last century, with the development of the film industry, the circus industry was hit and many circuses closed down. There is a circus called barnum, but it always attracts audiences. When it comes to know-how, barnum, head of the delegation, said: "We try our best to perform programs that meet the tastes of the public. The programs we perform contain ingredients that everyone likes." Psychology derives this story as "Barnum effect"-anything that ordinary people like will be universally welcomed. For example, "you don't want to be controlled", "you are proud of being able to think independently" and "you want others to respect you" are generally acceptable. This is the survival mystery of astrology. On this issue, the author interviewed Zhang Lishan, director of China University Education Network. Teacher Zhang, who is confused in the social transformation period, said that campus superstition is an important issue in youth education at this stage. From a macro perspective, both children and adults lack a sense of control over the future. What will happen tomorrow and what will happen in the future are unpredictable. At this stage, social transformation is developing rapidly, and everyone's differences are also great. Therefore, this situation also accelerates the uncontrollable and unsafe growth opportunities. Wanting to know the unknown has become a certain demand of human beings, and superstition has satisfied this demand and reached a balance between supply and demand. This phenomenon is normal in the stage of social transformation. I hope to achieve my expectations through other channels. On the other hand, for students, the pressure they are facing now is unprecedented. Because of social competition, parents and teachers are facing various pressures, and the pressure is gradually transferred to children. Some children have to learn a lot from childhood, such as English, piano, dance and so on. Parents often say, "If you don't study hard, how can you survive in society in the future?" Now even college students are not good at finding jobs "and so on to spur children, leading to children's rebellious psychology, germination of negative thoughts such as weariness of learning and truancy. Some children don't agree with their own abilities and feel that their self-worth is low, so they try to understand their future or achieve their expected goals through superstition and other means. The contradiction between ideal self and realistic self Children often encounter the problem of self-identity in the process of growing up, that is to say, the ideal me is different from the real me, and it is often difficult for each child to achieve the consistency between ideal and reality in different growth environments, so they want to know whether they can become what they expect in the future, and they have contradictions in their hearts. This phenomenon is very common among teenagers. Guidance should let teenagers know that their destiny is in their own hands. Teacher Zhang believes that solving the problem of superstition on campus should not be blindly followed, but should gradually guide children to understand that solving problems by means of "witchcraft dolls" can only temporarily vent their emotions and only distort people's mentality. Let teenagers know that their destiny is in their own hands. In fact, many people also know that superstitious methods such as fortune telling and divination are unscientific. If the result of divination is good, it will bring positive psychological hints, lead to a serious attitude and produce benign results. On the other hand, if the result is disappointing, it will lead to working and studying in negative emotions, which will make many things go wrong, as if bad luck really came. Therefore, Teacher Zhang reminds teenagers to keep a positive attitude and put their study and life on a healthy and correct track. Parents should guide correctly, and must not force the network or toy manufacturers to arouse children's curiosity, and it is in line with children's psychology that students have such internal needs. As for whether it will bring serious adverse psychological consequences to children, it still depends on whether parents can correctly guide their children. If children simply regard play as entertainment, but parents forbid it, it is easy to have rebellious psychology, which is counterproductive. It is wise for parents to guide them correctly and cultivate their children's other hobbies. Parents and children learn communication skills. When teenagers have conflicts with people around them, they should face and communicate bravely, so as to eliminate misunderstandings and contradictions and reach an understanding. Teenagers should also learn more communication skills. Not everyone is born with it. Only by constantly thinking about ways to improve communication and bravely facing some mistakes in communication can we gradually mature ourselves. On the other hand, for parents, while accompanying their children to grow up, their academic performance is of course very important, but they should also maintain a positive attitude in the process of learning. Parents are willing to accept children, and children will have confidence. Don't pay attention to their achievements and ignore their character and personality. Parents themselves should also learn to communicate with others and keep a positive attitude. Complaining parents can't cultivate positive children, and rude parents can't cultivate gentle children. Therefore, as the mentor of children's life, parents should play a positive role model for their children. Readers should not let modern superstitions occupy children's ideological vacuum. Modern superstition is like an invisible monster, gnawing at a child's childish heart. Some people don't understand that schools are holy places for teaching and educating people and spreading scientific and cultural knowledge. How did it become a place where modern superstition and freedom flooded? Subjectively speaking, teenagers are in the primary stage of forming their outlook on life and world. They are curious, good at imitation, unwilling to think, vulnerable to temptation, and often feel insecure when encountering difficulties and setbacks. Objectively speaking, there are many reasons, the first is the lack of family education. Now some parents do not pay attention to the ideological education of their children's ideals and beliefs, and even some parents are superstitious about ghosts and gods, which will inevitably affect their children. Furthermore, feudal superstitious activities in society are eroding children's hearts all the time. Of course, the key is still in school. At present, most schools only attach importance to intellectual education, ignoring moral education, and political and ideological education courses are ineffective. The mind of teenagers is not a vacuum zone. If modern superstitions do not occupy socialist ideals, dialectical materialism, heroic images and the spirit of hard struggle, they will inevitably take advantage of it. The prevalence of modern superstition on campus reflects the problems existing in today's education, which we must not take lightly. Schools, families and society should form a joint educational effort, completely eliminate the influence of modern superstitions, and make schools a fertile ground and paradise for young people to thrive.