Excuse me, how did Oracle Bone Inscriptions come?

Category: Business/Financial Management >> Business Documents

Analysis:

oracle bone script

There are more than ten thousand pieces of Oracle Bone Inscriptions 10 in Yin Ruins. It took more than 4500 words. This kind of writing carved on tortoise shell animal bones is relatively complete and mature, which is directly related to the traditional so-called Chinese character "Liushu" in terms of basic structure, pictograph, finger, enlightenment, sound, borrowing and annotation. Oracle Bone Inscriptions found long articles, the longest of which is 150 words. Words are carved from top to bottom and from left to right. Grammar and rhetoric also have relatively strict and complete rules. Oracle Bone Inscriptions's discovery provides reliable data for studying the history of Shang Dynasty.

How was Oracle Bone Inscriptions carved? This is related to the divination of merchants. Businessmen use tortoise shells or shoulder blades of cattle, sheep, etc for divination. Oracle Bone Inscriptions must be processed and restored before it can be used for divination. The first step is to remove the flesh and blood. Step two, saw it flat. Finally, a chisel is used to drill a notch on the inner surface of the nail or the back of the bone, which is called a chisel. The chisels are arranged neatly and orderly. In a few cases, the wide and thin part of the lower end of the Oracle bone (bone fan) also has a "chisel" on the front.

In divination, fortune tellers burn the hole cut in the Oracle bone with a pillar of fire, so the front of the Oracle bone presents a "Bu"-shaped crack, which is called "omen". When you ask a question, you must ask it from the front and then from the back. For example, ask whether it will rain first, and then ask whether it will rain. Every question must burn several omens. Oracle inscriptions should record the date of divination, the name of the diviner and the questions asked, and also record the order and nature of the omens next to them.

Every divination, we should record the judgment and actual result of divination, that is, whether divination is fulfilled or not. After divination, Oracle Bone Inscriptions engraved with Oracle Bone Inscriptions became a document.

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, villagers in Xiaotun, Wuli, northwest of Zhangde area (now Anyang City, Henan Province) dug some "keels" during farming. They sold the "keel" as Chinese herbal medicine to the pharmacy in the city. The depiction on the "keel" attracted people's attention. During the twenty-four or five years of Guangxu, antique dealers went to Xiaotun to buy "keel" and sold it in Beijing. Bureaucrats buy antiques and study ancient Chinese characters. He thought that the inscription on the "keel" was an ancient script lost by China, and bought 12 Oracle bones for 24 taels of silver. Since then, the search for Oracle Bone Inscriptions and the study of Oracle Bone Inscriptions have attracted some people's attention. After Wang's death, Liu E, the author of Travel Notes of Lao Can, collected more than 5,000 pieces of Oracle bones, and selected more than 0/0,000 pieces of Oracle bones. In 65,438+0,903, he printed the book "Tieyun Hidden Turtle", which was the first public record of Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Soon, scholar Sun Yirang wrote the first Oracle Bone Inscriptions monograph, taking Wen Qi as an example. 1908, Luo Zhenyu visited the place where the Oracle bones were unearthed for the first time, and sent people to Anyang for three times to find Oracle bones. He selected more than 2,000 pieces from his 10,000 pieces of Oracle bones and printed them into books such as Preface to the Book of Yin Ruins. Luo Zhenyu's relative, Wang Guowei, first used Oracle Bone Inscriptions to study the history of Shang Dynasty, and Oracle Bone Inscriptions to prove the reliability of Wang in Shang Dynasty listed in Historical Records and Biography of Sima Qian Yin, and corrected some mistakes. Therefore, the recorded history of our country started from Shang Dynasty. Guo Moruo first made use of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and made outstanding contributions to the study of Shang Dynasty history under the guidance of Marxist historical materialism. From the discovery of Oracle bone inscriptions to now, most of the unearthed Oracle bones are hidden in China, and the rest are scattered in Europe, America, Japan and other countries. Oracle Bone Inscriptions has become a worldwide discipline. Oracle Bone Inscriptions, based on the carved symbols of Yangshao culture pottery in Neolithic Age, became a fairly progressive and mature writing in Shang Dynasty after two or three thousand years of gestation, germination and development.