What do you mean, quit completely?

Shamanism is a primitive religion widely believed by northern nationalities in ancient China, which originated from the flourishing period of primitive matriarchal clan society. Ancient northern nationalities or tribes, such as Sushen, Buji, Mohong, Nuzhen, Xiongnu, Qidan, etc. Modern northern nationalities, such as Manchu, Mongolian, Hezhe, Ewenki, Kazak, etc. , also believe in shamanism or keep some of its customs. The spread of Shamanism's primitive belief behavior is quite extensive, including the vast areas of North Asia, Central and Northern Europe and North America.

Shaman culture

Shaman is called the intermediary between God and man. He can convey people's prayers and wishes to God, and he can also convey God's will to people. Shaman tries to master the secrets and abilities of super-life forms through various spiritual ways, and obtaining these secrets and magical powers is a kind of life practice content of Shaman. Shamans are divided into domestic shamans and wild shamans. Shaman, as a servant of God, is mainly responsible for the sacrificial activities within the clan. The wild shaman (also known as the Great God) is a shaman caught by God, that is, a shaman possessed by God. God's activities of catching shaman include medical treatment, physical disaster, blessing, divination, prophecy and other problems that people need to solve. Manchu shamans are usually the same as ordinary people of their own nationality. Their service is free, and they have no right to surpass others. They can get married and have children. After the death of the shaman, the artifacts, ornaments and costumes used were buried with him. The new shaman must be selected and trained (full of dark clouds) to be determined. Manchu shaman masks are often used when jumping wild gods offer sacrifices. In shaman sacrifice, various animals or monsters are simulated according to the requirements of sacrifice content. For fear of being recognized by the dead or gods, shamans should wear masks and cover their faces with colorful spikes on their hats. Wearing a shaman costume, tying a bell around his waist, grasping the drum in his left hand and holding a drum whip in his right hand, with the cooperation of musical instruments such as lifting drums, he played drums and sang divine songs, which was full of mystery.

Young Manchu scholars found that Fu, a descendant of Manchu culture in Ning 'an, had a large number of maps of Manchu shaman masks. Wang Songlin's sincerity, persistence and persistence touched the old man. The old man took out more than 100 Manchu shaman masks and 25 Manchu totem maps and presented them to him as Manchu historical materials. After finishing and drawing by Wang Songlin, the Manchu shaman mask finally came out in the autumn of 2000, which is called the miracle of China folk art at the end of the 20th century.

Manchu mask mainly reflects the goddess, and its formation time is about the prosperous period of primitive matriarchal society. Manchu mask is a living fossil of Shamanism, with a long history, rich connotation, mysterious and rough, bright colors and charming childlike innocence.

As a universal weapon with pure spirit, mask gradually evolved into an entertainment tool after the fear and inferiority of primitive ancestors gradually disappeared. Manchu masks gradually changed from solemn shaman sacrifices to theatrical entertainment performances.

In the Qing Dynasty, Mahu Opera was widely circulated in the court and among the people. "Mahu" is Manchu, that is, mask dance, or masked dance. In the early years, masks were mostly made of grass loquat, animal skin, turtle shell and shell. In modern times, Korean paper and birch bark were used as materials, and the faces of people, birds and ghosts were carved, which were kind or ferocious and varied.