Brief introduction of yin ruins

The area around Xiaotun Village, 25 kilometers northwest of Anyang City, was called "Beimeng" in ancient times, also known as "Yin". In14th century BC, Pan Geng, the tenth king of Shang Dynasty, moved his capital from "Xuan" in Shandong (near Qufu today) to "Yin" and became the political, economic and cultural center at that time. 1 1 century BC, Di's son Xin Jiwei, that is. He doted on da ji, disdained loyalty, built a deer platform, was extravagant and dissipated, was cruel and tyrannical, and betrayed his relatives and friends. Zhou Wuwang joined forces with the governors to crusade, and Zhou Wang set himself on fire in Lutai. The Shang royal family handed down eight generations and ten kings here. 273 years later, the history was called Yin Dynasty, also known as Yin Shang. After the demise of the Shang Dynasty in the Zhou Dynasty, the capital moved to other places, and the prosperous kings in Xiaotun gradually became barren. Guanghua's shining commercial culture was submerged underground and reduced to ruins, which was later called "Yin Ruins".

The stars have changed and the years have passed. 3000 years have passed, and the Xiaotun people at the end of 19 worked hard on this ancient land. They often dig out some bone fragments, some of which are scored, but they don't realize that they were made by predecessors, which are collectively called "keels". Li Cheng, a barber, was the first to find it and sell it to a drugstore to treat malaria and trauma. A catty is only worth sixpence.

In the winter of the 24th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1898), Fan, an antique dealer in wei county, Shandong Province, bought many "keels" from Anyang, Henan Province and sold them as precious medicinal materials to Darentang drugstore in Caishikou, Beijing. The following year, Wang, an epigraphist who served as a wine offering in imperial academy, contracted malaria and contracted Chinese medicine. When he was checking the medicine, he was surprised to find that there were lines on the "keel", or it looked like a person or an animal. After careful textual research and textual research, it is an ancient graphic, which records the names of Shang emperors. "People only know that this is Oracle Bone Inscriptions of Shang Dynasty." He traced back to the source and found an antique dealer with Luo Zhenyu, an ancient writer, and Liu E, the author of Lao Can's travels. He was deliberately vague and failed to find the real source of the "keel". Fan took this opportunity to sell nearly a thousand pieces, and the big bone appreciated to two taels of silver, making a lot of money for Wang Yi. The discovery of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, a national treasure, is not only a great contribution to China's archaeology and cultural history, but also a sensation at home and abroad. Luo Zhenyu was the first place to buy the "keel" at a high price, and the "Yin Ruins" attracted worldwide attention.

From 1928 to 1937, China people organized 15 large-scale excavations of Yin Ruins. After the September 18th Incident, the Japanese invaders carried out excavation and smuggling activities in Yin Ruins. Since the founding of New China, the archaeology of Yin Ruins has been carried out in a planned way. After more than 80 years of excavation, "archives" have been opened one after another, and the layout and data of "Yin Ruins" are basically clear; A total area of 30 square kilometers; * * * More than 60,000 pieces of Oracle bones/kloc-0 were unearthed, among which more than 90 units in Chinese mainland collected Oracle bones 100 pieces, Hong Kong and Taiwan collected more than 30,000 pieces of Oracle bones, and foreign countries collected more than 260,000 pieces of Oracle bones; There are more than 4,500 words of 1.6 thousand in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, of which more than 1.7 thousand can be identified and classified as Chinese characters. There is also the discovery of the world's first bronze ware "Muswuding": "Fu Hao's Tomb", which caused a sensation in world history and archaeology. 196 1 year, the State Council designated Yin Ruins as national key cultural relics protection units. With the holding of "China Yin Shang Culture Festival", the rich underground treasure house of "Yin Ruins" will shine more brightly in China and benefit the people of China!