Zhang Hua's Proverbs of Women's History can't be translated, but can only be annotated.

The Selected Works of Zhaoming contains Zhang Hua's History of Women, and Shan Li, a scholar in the Tang Dynasty, made detailed comments on it, which is very helpful for understanding. On the basis of Shan Li's annotation, I will add another layer of vernacular annotation to the meanings and allusions.

The vast nature, two instruments.

["Huai Nan Zi" said: A gentleman is indifferent and happy with nature. High appointment: nature, heaven and earth. The Book of Changes says: It is easy to have Tai Chi, which is the birth of two devices. 〕

Nature: nature; The evolution of nature; This extends to the world when heaven and earth were born and chaos began to open;

Two instruments: two instruments are two instruments, generally referring to yin and yang. Instrument refers to the representation, and the second instrument is the two representations of the world. In the ancient creation myth of China, the birth of the world (the beginning of chaos) is a separation process of binary opposition. Those who are light and clear ascend to heaven, and those who are heavy and turbid condense to the ground. This concept can be derived from boys and girls, combining rigidity with softness, spring and autumn, day and night, etc. It has a great influence on pre-Qin and later philosophy.

Scattered airflow, both Tao and Zhen.

Confucius said: "Home language": The earth is full of air and manifold, which is nothing more than teaching. "Han Shu" Dong Zhongshu said: Mud and sand are everywhere, only those who are true can do it. Ru Chun said: Tao Ren's pottery is called "Zhen". 〕

Dissipation: refers to the "gas" released by a substance;

Manifold: refers to change and movement; It can also be understood that yin and yang form concrete things;

Tao: the original meaning is to collect, process and make soil for ceramics; The extended meaning is education and edification;

Zhen: the original meaning is a tool used to shape clay, that is, pottery wheel; The extended meaning is to cultivate talents.

The same is true of pottery and porcelain: the process of making pottery is used to compare the evolution of nature, and at the same time, it is emphasized that education and cultivation of virtue are the origin of everything.

Under the emperor's rule, heaven and man were exposed.

[Book of Changes] cloud: Sacrificing the king of the world is also the cause of gossip, in order to communicate the virtues of the gods and the feelings of all things. 〕

In: Here we are;

Things: that is, Fuxi. According to legend, he married Nuwa's younger brother and sister, and was also the ancestor of mankind. Inherit the above narrative of "Yin and Yang" and "Enlightenment".

Zhao: Start; Founding;

Economics: governance; Management; stable

Heaven and man: Heaven and man refer to all natural phenomena and personnel, which implies the concept of the unity of heaven and man.

The first couple, as well as the monarch and ministers.

[I ching says: there is heaven and earth, and then there is everything; Everything, and then there are men and women; There are men and women, and then there are couples; Couples first, then father and son; There are father and son, and then there are ministers. 〕

So: so.

Start: start; origin

The family is right, and they have a good relationship with Wang Xian.

[The Book of Changes says: The family is right, and the world is determined. Shi Mao said: Wang Xianjiu was banned. Dedicated to ancient Chinese characters. 〕

Wang: A monarch is a royal family.

Dedication: Shan Li thinks that the same "Jude" is like, like;

Coherence: rationality; tidy/neat

Women's morality is still soft, including Zhang.

["Zhouyi" said: Kun Rougang, his wife also said. He also said: including Zhang, that's what he said at that time. 〕

Chapter: beauty. Tolerance, tolerance, tolerance. Chapter, beautiful.

Zhen: divination; Firm in behavior

Zhen Ji: Divination can get good divination (people can keep the right path without self-chaos); Means purity and beauty.

Love the book god, in the bedroom.

[Han Shu said: Queen Wang Xiaoping is graceful. Fu Qian said: that voice is the voice of mulberry. Biography of Cao Dajia's Lienv: gentle and honest. Love is deep. Shi Mao said: Shu has the ambition of Er Shen. The Book of Changes says: Women are in the middle. 〕

Ama: Deep and supple. Elegant, gentle and dignified.

Be careful: be quiet and obedient.

Righteousness: the natural position of things is often used by Confucianism as a metaphor for "ceremony", such as "establishing the righteousness of the world";

Bedroom: the original meaning is residence, often extended to the cohabitation and home life of husband and wife; "Wide residence" is often used by Confucianism as a metaphor for benevolence, such as "wide residence in the world";

Give a knot and give back devoutly.

The Book of Rites says: When a woman marries, her mother will marry her. It says: I respect her and will not violate my parents' commandments at night. Shi Mao said: If you get married, you will get 90 points. Li Mao said: You are a woman's wife. It is also common to leave ancient Chinese characters. "Zhouyi" says: There is no sorrow in food. 〕

Shi Yan: The ceremony of marrying a woman in ancient times. When a woman gets married, her mother will fool her. I am the leader of Hanfu.

Iron: the ceremony of marrying a woman in ancient times. When a woman was about to get married, her mother tied a scarf for her. In ancient times, women wore a big scarf in front of them.

Devotion: Sincere and respectful. Pious, pious. Courtesy and courtesy.

Feedback: refers to food-related things at home, and can also refer to the wife.

Sue's instrument is clear in style.

[Shi Mao said: Shen Jing is different. Say it again: respect each other. 〕

Su Shen: Be careful. Sue, be serious. Be careful, be careful.

Instrument: a person's appearance and behavior.

Style: admiration and foresight. Types, examples, models. (people versus rulers)

Elegance: the virtue of purity and beauty. Righteousness means virtue.

In the Book of Songs, there are two sentences, "Respect for prudence and prestige, the way to defend the people", which are used to the effect that rulers should be cautious because the people will take you as the standard.

Fan Ji is too sensitive to eat fresh birds. Wei's daughter is charming and joyful, but her ears forget harmony. Although the ambition is high, the two masters change their minds.

Biography of Women says: Fan Ji of Chuzhuang is Chu Zhuangwang's wife. At the beginning of his accession to the throne, King Zhuang was good at hunting. Fan Ji protested, but he didn't eat animal meat. Three years, Wang Gai. He also said: it is the daughter and wife of Duke Wei of Qi. Duke Huan is too lewd to listen to Zheng. Cao Dajia said, "Guo Wei's lewd voice, Wei Ji is sick of Huan Gong's kindness, so he can help him." 〕

Straighten: straighten the bent things; Correct.

Li: Sharp; Strict.

Fan Ji: Fan Ji is the queen of Chu Zhuangwang. Chu Zhuangwang hunts all day. In order to oppose his luxurious life as a plaything, Fan Ji did not eat fresh meat for three consecutive years.

Wei Nv sentence: Qi Huangong's wife, Wei Ji, advised Qi Huangong to make progress and refused to listen to reconciliation. For details, see the biography of leonov, Qi Huan Wei Ji.

The sentence of "two masters change their minds": The two kings in the allusion were finally influenced by their wives, realized something and achieved something, ranking among the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period.

Xuan Xiong climbs the threshold, Feng Yuanjin. A husband is fearless and not stingy when he knows death.

"Han Shu said: Feng is a lucky tiger, fighting with animals in a circle. Xiong Yi walked out of the circle and climbed the threshold to the temple. All the dignitaries and Fu Zhaoyi have left. Feng Jieyu stood in front and acted as a bear, killing bears left and right. Why did you become a bear? Jieyu said: Animals can only be stopped by people. My concubine is afraid of ascending to the throne, so I will take it. The emperor sighed with this respect. 〕

Xuan: Black.

Miserable: cherish; I cherish it too much.

"Xuan Xiong" sentence: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and Yuan watched the beast fight in the tiger pen, and all the concubines were present. Suddenly a bear ran out of the circle, and Feng Yuan stopped the bear to save the car. In his later years, he was framed by Queen Fu and committed suicide by taking poison.

Class concubine has a resignation, and so does Jian Xi. Don't worry about it, keep it away.

[Han said: Emperor Cheng swam in the backyard, hoping to share his life with Ban Jieyu. Jieyu said: I see ancient paintings, sages and sages are all famous ministers; Three generations later, God had a daughter. It seems that if you want to be the same today, you can't get close. 〕

Remarks: shirking; reproach

Huai: attachment.

Micro: hidden bud (here refers to bad things)

Ban Jieyu sentence: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty went out with Ban Jieyu and invited Ban Jieyu to accompany him, but Ban Jieyu refused. She said: "Look at the pictures left by ancient times, the kings of sages are surrounded by famous ministers. The last masters of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Xia Jie, Shang and Zhou, and Zhou Youwang, were lucky enough to have concubines, and finally they all fell into a state of ruin. If I go in and out with you, I'll look like them. Can you not be shocked? " After Han proclaimed himself emperor, Wang Mang usurped Han.

Don't kill, don't forget.

["Yang Changfu" said: Don't kill, don't lose. 〕

Wang: No means nothing.

Dragon: Prosperity.

Kill: wither; Decline.

Powerful: negative.

At noon, the sun is shining and the moon is full.

["Zhouyi" said: I don't see Japan and China, I will have a total lunar eclipse. Shi Mao said: The moon is small, but this day is also small. Zheng Xuan said, "I don't know. 〕

Bang: The sun is in the west. Here stands for sunset.

Micro: fading; Hide.

The sun and the moon in the two sentences can sometimes be compared to a monarch or a country, which is what Zheng Xuan said.

Worship the dust, because if the machine. People know how to decorate their appearance, but they don't know how to decorate their nature.

[Cai Yong's "Women's Commandments" said: The husband's heart is still in the first place. Once it is not decorated, it will be dirty; If people don't cultivate good, evil will enter it. People are ornaments, but their hearts are not, which is very chaotic. "Family Language" Confucius said: "Can't be ignored. 〕

Worship: high mountains can be replaced with noble and prosperous things.

Substitution: alternation and decline.

Frightening machine: refers to the crossbow machine that is suddenly triggered. Metaphor things suddenly.

Salty: Both.

Decoration: decoration; Pass "Xun", organize and rectify the wind.

Sex is not decoration, or it is just. The seaweed of the axe is sacred.

["The Eye of Law" said: I have not seen the virtue of axe algae, if the axe algae its nature. Shangshu said: Only madness is sacred. 〕

One: violation.

Righteousness: the righteousness of etiquette.

Algae: finishing; decorate

Krishnamurti: restraint; restrain

Say a good word, and respond thousands of miles away.

Confucius in Zhouyi said: a gentleman lives in his room, but a good word should be thousands of miles away. What happened? Living in your own room, making bad remarks, thousands of miles away, is a violation. What's the situation? 〕

If you violate righteousness, you will be suspicious.

[Xu Gan's "On China" said: If you lose your heart, you will stay away. 〕

Quilt: a metaphor for husband and wife living together.

Husband's language is like a whisper, so honor and disgrace come from it.

[The Book of Changes says: Words and deeds are the foundation of a gentleman. Cardinal's hair, Lord of honor and disgrace]

Micro: tiny; subtle

Z: Here you are.

Don't call it seclusion, there is no image in mental prison. Don't say mystery, God won't listen. Without pity and glory, heaven is evil.

[Book of Changes] cloud: Ghosts and gods are harmful to surplus and rich and modest. 〕

Obscurity: refers to obscurity.

Supervisor: Observe.

Image: appearance, appearance.

Xuan Mo: Quiet, quiet.

"Don't say" sentence: What you may want to express is that heaven, nature and law are everywhere, and you can't cheat or escape.

None: Don't.

Like: boast; be self-reliant

Surplus: fullness, extending to pride.

If you don't rely on it, you will fall.

[Yang Xiong's "A Humble Talk" said: Those who are hot will die, and those who rumble will die. 〕

Dependence; Rely on.

Rumble: Thunder is a metaphor for wealth and development.

Autumn: autumn.

For Xiaoxing's sake, quit him.

["Preface to Mao Poetry" says: filial piety benefits the next generation. "Poetry" said: I am a little star, and I am in the east on March 3rd. Zhouyi says: Nothing. Wang Bi said: Be a woman's justice and you will get what you want. 〕

Learn from it.

Xiaoxing: used in The Book of Songs as a metaphor for lower-ranking officials. See xing.

Hey, it's been a long time; In the long run.

Hey: success; It's done.

Follow: (pursuing) the success of a great cause. There is a saying in the Book of Changes, "Without friends, there will be rewards in the middle", which means not to pursue the success of external career, but to deal with things at home first.

Compared with the heart, it is complicated.

[Shi Mao said: Yan, I am embarrassed. You have many children and a prosperous family. 〕

Compared with the heart: compared with the heart.

Cosmos: It is often called "fruit" and has strong reproductive ability. In The Book of Songs Nan Zhou, it is regarded as a symbol of "being suitable for future generations".

Numerous: reproduction.

Class: family class.

You can't be arrogant or special.

In Mandarin, Sikong ji zi said that Wen Gong said: Men and women are incompatible, and they are afraid of respect. If you are angry, you will complain about chaos, and if you complain about disaster, the disaster will be extinct. Zhao Wei said: I am afraid of insulting others. "Han Shu" said: Filial piety became the queen of Zhao's palace and was spoiled by Xiaoxiang, but his younger brother was lucky. He was spoiled for more than ten years and had no children. 〕

Tapirs: the same as "Huan".

Hu: Ignorance and disrespect.

Pet: connivance; Preference.

Special: full; Focus.

Profession is slow, but love is moving. If you earn, you will lose, and if you have it, you will.

"Wen Zi" Lao Tzu said: the sky is the extreme, the benefits are the losses, and the sun and the moon are also. "Lu Lianzi" Tan Zi said: Things will come, and it is natural. 〕

Slowness: neglect, indulgence and excesses.

English: I'm full.

What is beautiful is self-beauty and takes advantage.

Liezi said: Yang Zhu's trip to Dong Song was a reverse journey. A traveler has two concubines, one is beautiful and the other is evil. The wicked are expensive, and the beautiful are cheap. Andy asked him why, and the teenager who went against the brigade said to him, "The beauty is self-beautiful, but I don't know its beauty." I don't know the evil of those evil people. 〕

Self-beauty: self-beauty; Beautify yourself.

Bias: pass "bias" and vice versa.

Therefore.

Take: incur.

You: Neglect.

Good smelting ability is what a gentleman wants.

[Zhouyi] said: slow Tibetan thieves, smelting capacity to teach prostitution. 〕

Ye Rong: This woman is very attractive. Smelting and gorgeous.

Good: beautiful.

Pei: Same as "enmity".

That's why.

[Han Shu said: Wang Li and Liu Zhu have formed an indissoluble bond. "Zuo Zhuan" norm Zhu Rong, saying, "The omission of words is the reason for your position. 〕

Oracle Bone Inscriptions explained that in the ancient wedding ceremony, the groom dragged the bride into the bridal chamber with a red ribbon, and a knot was tied in the middle of the red ribbon, which symbolized that marriage was firmly connected and inseparable for the sake of knot.

Elegance: friendship; Relatives.

En Jie: The "En Jie" in Shan Li's annotation in Han Shu Yuan Zhuan means to form friendship, but it is more likely to be a metaphor for the relationship between husband and wife under the annotation.

Position: only; Just ...

Therefore, the wings are poor and happiness is so prosperous.

[Fu Shang, the teacher of Tai Gong Jin Kui, said that Wu Wang said: Shun is walking on thin ice. When the soup is inhabited, the wings dare not rest. ]

Wing wing: serious and orderly.

Unfortunately: the appearance of caution. "Wing Wing Cherish" needs to be understood in connection with the traditional sage narration in Shan Li's notes.

Gong Jing thinks for himself, and he is honored.

[Shi Mao said: Gong Jinger, it is good to be honest. 〕

Gong Jing: I will serve you respectfully.

I dare tell Ji Shu.

[Biography of Li Mao's Poems] said: The ancient Empress Dowager must have the law of unified management of women's history. If women's history does not remember its mistakes, it will be punished. 〕

Women's history: women who know books are responsible for harem etiquette and writing documents. It is one of their duties to record words and deeds and persuade concubines. However, the word "Tongguan" mentioned in Shan Li's annotation in The Book of Songs "Jingnv" has always been controversial and has many interpretations.

Pro: advice, exhortation; An ancient style, mainly admonition and exhortation.

Ji Shu: Concubine. Ordinary, numerous and diverse.

full text

The vast nature, the two devices are divided; Scattered airflow, both pottery and chastity; Emperor Zhao Jing Ren Tian died; Love couples, as well as the monarch and his subjects; Wang You is well connected.

Female morality is still soft, including Zhang; Elegant and steady, in the bedroom; Give a knot, sincere and respectful; Sue's instrument is clear in style.

Fan Ji feels strong and doesn't eat fresh birds; Wei Heng, whose ears have forgotten harmony; The ambition is high, and the two masters change their minds.

Xuanxiong climbed the threshold, and Feng Yuan advanced; Husband is fearless, knowing death is not stingy!

Ban Jie has a resignation and cuts the same; Don't worry about it, keep it away.

The road is long, but if you don't kill Xiu Yuan, things will be immortal if they are not prosperous; At noon, the moon is full; Worship the dust, because if the machine.

People know how to cultivate their abilities, but they don't know how to modify their nature; Sex is not modified, or it is just; The seaweed of the axe is sacred.

Say a good word and respond thousands of miles away. If you violate your own righteousness, you will be suspicious. Husband's language is like a whisper, so honor and disgrace come from it. Don't call it seclusion, there is no image in mental prison. Don't say mystery, God won't listen.

Without pity and glory, heaven is evil. If you don't rely on it, you will fall. For Xiaoxing's sake, quit him. Compared with the heart, it is complicated.

You can't be arrogant or special. Profession is slow, but love is moving. If you earn, you lose, and if you have it, you must. What is beautiful is self-beauty and takes advantage. Good smelting ability is what a gentleman wants.

That's why. Therefore: the wings are proud, and happiness is so prosperous. Gong Jing thinks for himself, and he is honored. I dare tell Ji Shu.