Wu Youluzi's tribute to you Zigong: Why does Confucius think that Yan Hui is the most wise?

Lutz, Zi Gong and Yan Hui followed Confucius to the north to travel to Shannong. Facing the beautiful scenery, Confucius suddenly sighed anxiously and said, "You can probably get everything you want in this beautiful place!" " ! Why don't you three tell me your wishes and let me hear them. "Luz was the first to answer:" If I can lead an army to the battlefield where the banner covers the sky and encourages war, I will surely defeat the powerful enemy and open up the territory of Wan Li for our country. "How's it going? Both Zi Gong and Yan Hui think this is very enjoyable? " Confucius said, "What a warrior!" Zi Gong went on to say, "I hope to meet two big countries like Qi and Chu in the war. Just as the two armies lined up and were in a tense moment, I wore a white hat and shuttled between the kings of the two countries. How about using my eloquence to analyze the pros and cons for them and let them turn an enemy into a friend? You two also think my thoughts are more interesting than Lutz's? " Confucius said, "Good eloquence!"

Yan Hui stepped aside and said nothing. Confucius said, "Tell me, Yan Hui, don't you have any ideas?" Yan Hui said, "They've both talked about it. What can I say? " Confucius said, "Never mind, you'd better talk about your own ideas." Yan Hui said: "It is said that fragrant and smelly things will not be put together, and Yao and Jie will not be in the same country, because they are completely different in nature. I only hope to meet a wise son of heaven like Yao, and help me educate the people with courtesy, joy and morality, so that the whole world will not have to build walls and dig ditches, all weapons, swords and swords will be dissolved into agricultural tools, so that cattle and horses can graze freely in the wild, and the threat of war will be eliminated forever, and every household will not have to worry about where you will go. In this case, Luz had no chance to show his courage, and Zi Gong had no way to express his eloquence. "

Hearing this, Confucius said solemnly, "Well said. He is a kind man. " Lutz asked, "Excuse me, teacher, which one of us would you choose?" Confucius said: "I like a way that doesn't cost money, doesn't hurt people, and goes on and on ... that's probably Yan Hui's." Aigong said to Confucius, "The fate of a country is sometimes destiny, not just man-made." Confucius said: "I think that the fate of a country is purely caused by people." Natural and man-made disasters have little influence on the survival and happiness of the country. "

Ai Gong asked, "Can you give me an example?" Confucius said, "When I was in Zhou Wang, it happened that a little bird gave birth to a big bird. Zhou Wang ordered someone to do divination. The result of divination says: small means that the country will become stronger and richer. So Zhou Wang thought that fate was like this, so he put aside the politics of the country. Drink and have fun every day, and don't listen to the advice of officials. So the whole world rebelled, the Japanese invaded and the Shang Dynasty perished. This is the complete opposite of your so-called fate. It seems that it was originally an auspicious sign, but it became a curse. "

"On the contrary, in the Taiwu (the name of the monarch) period before the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, there was a time when political affairs were not repaired and the law was corrupted, which was warned by God. Suddenly, wild mulberry and wild grain were born on the court. In seven days, I grew to the thickness of crossing my hands. Bu Guan said:' Sanggu is a plant born in the field and should not be born in the court. Does it indicate that the country will die and the court will be reduced to ruins?' Taiwu was frightened, so he quickly cultivated himself, carried out the decree of the late king, and raised the people seriously. Three years later, the world was rectified and ten thousand people came to Korea. Among them, as many as 16 foreign countries need to be translated twice. This also completely violates your so-called destiny and is the starting point for turning the signs of national subjugation into governing the country. "

"So, the disaster of heaven and earth, is not decisive, it is just a warning when the king. There are some signs in the nightmare, which are not so terrible. They are just warning officials who are above the people. The signs of these disasters are not comparable to the good deeds of governance and personnel. Knowing this truth, we can understand the essence of the rule of law and be a benevolent king who lives up to our predecessors. " Ai Justice: "Thank you for your advice! In the past, if I wasn't so stupid, I might not have the opportunity to hear such a good truth from you. "

Aigong asked Confucius, "Do wise men really live longer than ordinary people? Do benevolent people really live longer than ordinary people? " Confucius said, "I think so. There are three kinds of avoidable deaths: people who get sick and die because of abnormal living habits, uncontrolled diet, overwork or overenjoyment; Because of his low status, he offended the king, who was insatiable and was punished; You are brave and ruthless, and you can't chew your teeth. This is a life-and-death battle. None of these three ways to die is inevitable, but it can only be said that they deserve it. In daily life, intelligent and kind people can pay more attention to the conformity between behavior and morality, avoid excessive emotions and avoid improper death. Therefore, they usually live longer than ordinary people. "