Shang dynasty moved the capital.

Historical materials about the Shang Dynasty moving the capital are very scarce. The earliest we can know now is in "Three Chapters of Shangshu Pan Geng": "The Yin people moved repeatedly, the first eight and the last five." Yin people moved their capital frequently, eight times in the early Shang Dynasty and five times in the late Shang Dynasty.

According to historical records, the Shang Dynasty spread to the seventeenth and thirty-first kings, and died in 1 1 century BC. This is not far from the fact that the Shang Dynasty "spent 496 years" in the annals of bamboo books.

According to the division of historians at present, Shang Dynasty can be divided into two stages. The first stage, from soup to summer until Pan Geng moved to Yin, is called the early Shang Dynasty. During this period, the Shang Dynasty frequently moved the capital, including Bo, Zhao, Xiang, Bi and Xuan.

The second stage, from Pan Geng's migration to Yin to the demise of Shang Dynasty, is called the late Shang Dynasty. Since Pan Geng acceded to the throne and moved the capital from election to Yin, the capital of Shang Dynasty may have moved in a small area, or both of them may have coexisted, but basically Yin is the capital.

Reasons for moving the capital frequently:

In fact, in the pre-Shang period before the Tang Dynasty, Yindu also had several migrations, but it is generally considered that this is a tribal migration, not a capital migration; In the late Shang Dynasty, Yin people took Yin as their capital. It can be seen that the frequent relocation of the capital in Shang Dynasty mainly refers to the migration of Yin capital in the early Shang Dynasty.

There are many theories about this problem, such as "flood", "nomadism", "traveling to farmers", "extravagance and thrift" and "the struggle for the throne".

Some people think that the Yin people lived a nomadic life in the early Shang Dynasty, so the capital of Yin moved many times, but by the time of Pan Geng, agriculture was developed, and people didn't need to move the capital.

In addition, some people think it is a "struggle for the throne." Historical records? Yin Benji said, "Since middle school, I have abandoned alkali and set up more disciples. Disciples fight for it, and they are more princes than IX. " This means that from Zhong Ding to the reign of the nine kings of the Yang family, the Shang Dynasty fought for the throne year after year. Moreover, the Yin people frequently moved the capital, which happened in this period.