Why do Gypsies have no nationality?

With the emergence of European nation-States, great nationalists in various countries emphasize the purity of the country and carry out minority studies.

Gypsies who are already in a very unfortunate situation and suffer discrimination are further persecuted. /kloc-the second half of the 0/5th century

Since then, countries have begun to take comprehensive measures to ban gypsies. Laws, decrees and regulations against vagrancy have been promulgated one after another.

Work it out slowly The earliest measures against gypsies were formulated by the Lucerne City Council in central Switzerland in 147 1, which

Parliament passed legislation prohibiting Roma from staying in the Federation. 1499, the Spanish emperor Ferdinand promulgated Mei.

Dina's land code of conduct clearly stipulates that gypsies must have a fixed residence and settle in towns within two months.

Or the countryside. Otherwise, they will be punished by flogging, with male 100 whip and female 50 whip. If there is still no shelter after flogging, then

Will cut off its two ears. And then deported. Since then, the persecution of gypsies has become commonplace and increasing day by day.

It's daylight. In the16th century, almost all European countries promulgated the same laws, such as Portugal in 1526 and the Netherlands in.

1537, 1538 Navaras, 1538 Venice, 1568 Milan. Under these cruel laws, Ji

Gypsies, like slaves, live a worse life than cattle and horses, and are often sent to hard labor or executed for no reason.

France began to issue expulsion orders in 1504, and Francois I issued a national decree to expel Gypsies in 1539. 156 1

1996, salor IX further expelled the Gypsies from the whole country, and the Aoyongliang Conference decided to use the "with fire and sword" to destroy the Gypsies.

Sai Ren. Since then, French kings Louis XIII and Louis XIV have ordered the expulsion of Gypsies, and stipulated that if there is resistance, they will not abide by it.

Anyone, men, women and children, will be shot.

Britain is no less inferior to other countries, and measures to persecute gypsies emerge one after another, and large-scale arrests occur from time to time.

And slaughter. Its method is quite British. It not only persecuted gypsies who wandered from abroad to Britain, but also treated those who

British-born gypsies or non-gypsies joined other members of the gypsy wandering team for reasons of life.

Also carried out a cruel blow. According to 1596 British historical records, a gypsy who was wandering in Britain at that time.

* * * The group has 178 members, some of whom entered the UK from other countries, while others are unemployed in the UK.

In order to survive, people joined the gypsies. The group was wandering in the duchy of York, and some people

Make a living by reading palms and divining. The British government arrested all the members of this group on trumped-up charges and put them in prison.

. Among them, 65,438+006 adult gypsies were tried and all were sentenced to death. Among those sentenced to death, caressing

Nine people, led by several adopted children and people born abroad, were escorted to the execution ground and executed immediately. Family members who have been sentenced to death and have not yet been sentenced to death

The 97 "criminals" who were executed were in great pain and asked the authorities to put them to death together. Their misery was unbearable to everyone present.

. With the special approval of the government, these gypsies survived, but they had to "turn over a new leaf" within eight months.

Repent, return to your birthplace, and don't wander around again. On the way home, except for irresistible reasons, there was no

You can stay anywhere for a day and a night.

This incident itself is an unwarranted persecution of vagrants and gypsies, and its purpose is to limit their traditional way of life.

Type, forcing them to settle down. The first result of the trial ended in forcing them to accept the arrangement of the British authorities, but the ending was right.

For gypsies, 4 is relatively good, but there are countless examples of filial piety when they die for no reason.

In Hungary, Transylvania (Romania), gypsies were insured by the king when they first arrived here.

The sympathy of the residents of famous places even gave them a lot of food and livestock. 1423 Kings of Hungary and Bohemia

He also ordered the nobles to pay attention to respecting their traditional freedom. Since then, the treatment of gypsies has been uncharacteristically horrible.

Humanitarian persecution reached its peak in the18th century.

In order to bring gypsies into the "normal" life track of Hungarian society, the Queen of Hungary married Bohemia in 176 1 year.

Make the gypsies in China change their wandering life, force them to settle down, and take a series of measures, such as not allowing them to live in

Camping in the city; Forcing them to settle down and making them "new Hungarian residents" or "new Hungarian farmers"; Forcing gypsies

Sai children are raised and educated in Christian families; Gypsies are not allowed if they have no skills to make a living and work.

Children get married and so on. In addition, the Hungarian government has taken other sensational measures to make the Gypsies miserable.

Persecution, often unreasonable arrest and torture, forced them to admit that they were guilty of "theft" and "murder"

"and so on. 1782 there was a gypsy massacre. Hungarian authorities regard gypsies as cannibals.

"The fabricated charges killed 45 gypsies at a time. In order to cover up their criminal activities, Hungarian King Yue Se

Dave ordered a special committee to be set up. At his behest, the "Committee" sent someone to provide "testimony". What nonsense?

No one died except the guilty. After repeated investigations, it is proved that all these gypsies

Died of innocence. The persecution of gypsies by German and Bohemian authorities is also extremely cruel. For example, local governments can

Make a law to prohibit gypsies from entering the area at will, and punish them or chop them lightly if they violate the ban.

Cut off your ears, or behead in public. In some areas, gypsies are even posted everywhere, and gypsies are forbidden to enter.

Environmental laws are well known, and if found, it should be reported to the relevant departments immediately. At the end of 16 and the beginning of 17,

General wallenstein is a famous Bohemian soldier. He often indulges his men in robbing and slaughtering Gypsies. In this process, Nazi persecution

The German era reached its peak. The Nazis used the most barbaric and cruel means to treat Gypsies in an attempt to physically

Destroy this country. Despite the lack of the most accurate statistics, at least the bodies of gypsies were found after the war.

500 thousand

The extermination of gypsies is an important part of the program of the German Nazi Party. However, in modern Germany, the official

Racial discrimination against gypsies began in 1899. Bavarian authorities have set up a special Gypsy Affairs Office,

In addition to daily management work, special files are set up for so-called deviant gypsies. 1929 gypsy affairs office

From the state level to the Gree national organization, headquartered in Munich. Since then, without the approval of the police, gypsies may not

You must move at will. Gypsies who have reached the age of 16 and have no professional certificate must serve two years in a reflection home. 1933 Xi

After Taylor came to power, the persecution of Gypsies reached its peak, which was outrageous.

Historian Joseph Bielig pointed out in his book Germany and Genocide that what the Nazis did to Gypsies was.

There are three ways to exterminate ethnic groups, namely, stopping childbearing, deportation and direct slaughter.

A doctor named Polsi suggested in a memorandum to the Fuehrer Hitler: "Forced labor and large-scale labor should be carried out for Gypsies."

Mass sterilization, because they endanger the purity of German farmers. "Many gypsy women have become crows.

The victim of the SS doctor experiment. In addition, 120 gypsy girls were forced to undergo birth control surgery. With non-gypsies

Married gypsy women must undergo birth control surgery in a designated hospital in Dusseldorf, in order to prevent "

Gypsy descent endangers the purity of the German nation ". Due to the medical level at that time or other reasons, many women were

Lost his life in a birth control operation. During Nazi Germany, all gypsies who could not prove their German nationality were expelled.

Deportation. More than 5000 gypsies were deported to the gypsy community in Lodz, Poland, where the living conditions were very bad.

Terrible, almost impossible to survive.

1937 12 14 a decree issued by Germany declared that gypsies were "criminals who never change their minds after repeated education", which made gypsies

Things are getting worse. In the winter of 1937 and 1938, the Nazi authorities arrested gypsies on a large scale, but in the past, there were no gypsies.

Fixed residence as an excuse, at this time even detained more than 300 people who settled in Manwell village and owned land and vineyards.

Get up. In Mauthausen, Goosen, Dortmund maergen, Natzweiler, Fort Reins, Buchenwald and other concentration camps.

Many gypsies were secretly executed in the park.

1938 12.8 after the decree of Himmler, the leader of SS, was promulgated, all the addresses of gypsies were in the hands of the police.

Take it. The following year's decree165438+1October 17 prohibited Gypsies from leaving their homes. 194 1, the police station was established and implemented.

Team, the extermination of gypsies reached its peak, and the Nazis often used the terrible means of collective slaughter.

Gypsies expelled from Germany did not escape the persecution and slaughter of the Nazis. 30,000 Gypsies were deported to Poland.

Eventually he died in the concentration camps of Beuzets, treblinka, Sobibor and Maidane. Auschwitz concentration camp

Some survivors, such as Kurka and Klaus, killed 1944 July 3 1 in the book Death Factory.

Detailed disclosure. In addition, on the night of February 24th in the Soviet Union,194165438,800 Gypsies were shot and killed by the Nazis. in the south

Slavs, 194 1 10 killed a group of Gypsies and Jews in the Yaynitz forest in October. The residents of this famous place still remember it clearly.

Still fresh.

In addition, when directly suppressed, gypsies cannot be brought into the order of the host country and are subject to local ethnic groups.

During assimilation, governments began to adopt other cruel exploitation policies. Britain used to force gypsies.

Sent to Fingerland coal mine for coal mining. Romania's 500,000 Roma were enslaved and forced to work in slave owners' estates.

It was not until the middle of19th century that they were liberated. A Romanian aristocrat

Advertise in Bucharest newspaper and sell their 200 gypsy families. 185 1 year Moldova

Asian officials published a list in the newspaper, which listed 94 men, 85 women and 86 boys of Gypsies.

Surnames and characteristics of 84 girls. These people are the property of the late Minister Alecu Snerza and used for advertising purposes.

It means selling them with furniture; Britain, France, Spain and Portugal once spared them and finally sent them.

It is most beneficial to send gypsies to colonies in North America and South America. Gypsies in Brazil originally came from Portugal.

It was released.