Details of Wukong (a famous monk in Tang Dynasty)

Wukong (73 1—8 12), with a common name of Che Fengchao, was a famous monk in the Tang Dynasty. A native of Yunyang County, Jingzhao County (now Yunyang Town, Jingyang County, Shaanxi Province). He is a descendant of the estranged relationship between the post-Wei Tuoba. It is the prototype of the Monkey King in the novel The Journey to the West in the Ming Dynasty.

Basic introduction of real name: Wukong alias: Che Fengchao font size: Wukong Zen master era: Tang nationality: descendants of Xianbei, birthplace: Yunyang County, Jingzhao County (Jingyang County, Shaanxi Province), date of birth: 73 1, date of death: 8 12, main achievements: appeasing the biographies of characters, appeasing them, and their biographies joined the army in their early years. In 750, the ninth year of Tianbao in Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Bao Bin sent a special envoy to Chang 'an, expressing his willingness to join. The following year (75 1), when Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty sent Zhang Taoguang and more than 40 envoys to escort the guests back to the Western Regions, Che Feng was appointed as the four special envoys of Zuo Weijing House. In the 12th year of Tianbao (753), the mission of the Tang Dynasty set out for Chang 'an from Kedu and arrived in Gandhara, the king of Kedu. In the second year of Wukong's arrival in Germany (757), Che Fengchao was seriously ill and could not return to the Central Plains as scheduled, and stayed in Gandhara to recuperate. Make a wish when you are sick: when you are cured, you will become a monk. At that time, Binbin Buddhism prevailed and monks gathered. After recovering from his illness, Che Fengchao converted to Buddhism and studied with Zen master Gandhara. The Buddhist relics became more and more magical, and he gave the car a dharma. Since then, the dharma circles have studied Sanskrit with the Buddhist relics, and traveled with him to Kebin, Tianzhu and other countries to seek advice and learn Buddhism. In the second year of Guangde (764), he went south to China. A few years later, the idea of returning to the Tang Dynasty came into being in the legal circle, so the master was invited to return to the East. The relic became more and more kind and agreed to his request. The Buddhist relics presented the Sanskrit scriptures Shilijing, Shidi Jing, Hui Hui Lunjing and Buddhist relics, asking them to take them back to the Tang Dynasty. The road taken by the Legalists went over mountains and mountains, experienced hardships, and finally returned to Shule (now Kashgar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region). Make a short stay in Shule and Khotan (now Hotan County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region), and then go north to Qiuci (now Kuqa County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region). Qiuci was the seat of Anxi Hufu in Tang Dynasty. King Qiuci retained the dharma circle to spread Buddhism and translate Buddhist scriptures in Qiuci. Seeing that Qiuci is rich in products and Buddhism is flourishing, the legal circles stayed in Qiuci Lotus Temple, and did not talk to Qiuci monks about rhinoceros fish and other monks, and translated Buddhist scriptures brought back from India, such as Shi Di Jing, Shilijing and Hui Hui Jing Lun. The legal profession has lived in Qiuci for more than 30 years. In the fifth year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong (789), the dharma circle left Qiuci. Zhenyuan six years (790) in February, arrived in the capital Chang 'an. After entering the DPRK, the dharma circle brought back the Buddha's tooth relic and the translated scriptures. At the invitation of Dou Wenchang, the meritorious envoy, Dezong ordered Wukong to live in Zhangjing Temple in Chang 'an and nicknamed him "Wukong". Wukong has left Chang 'an and returned to Chang 'an for more than 60 years, a total of 40 years. In the meantime, after the Anshi Rebellion and the looting of Tubo, when they returned to Yunyang County, their parents and family members had already died. In the 16th year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong (800), Zhao Yuan, a monk, compiled a Record of Interpretation of Zhenyuan Education. Among the six 39-volume classics newly collected in Tibetan Record, there are Shilijing 1 (not to mention the translation of Rhinoceros Fish), Return to the Car 1 and Ten Places, in which Wukong participated. And Wukong's experience in the Western Regions was written as "Wukong Entering Zhu", as the preface of "Shilijing", which described in detail Wukong's deeds of worshipping Buddha in Tianzhu and Corbin. Since then, Wukong's experiences in India and the Western Regions have been recorded in history books. There is a French translator in Salon, France. On the 23rd day of the first month of the 7th year of Tang Yonghe in Jingyang, Shaanxi Province (8 12), Wukong died in Chang 'an Dharma Temple and was buried on the No.2 Peak. Zhenxi Temple and Wukong Zen Tower were built in his memory. Zanning in Song Dynasty supplemented the information in Wukong into Zhu Ji, and formally established a biography for Wukong in the "Classic Biography" of the Biography of Song Monks. In addition, the Biography of Song Monks by Zanning and the Biography of Wukong in Zhangjing Temple in Shangdu in Tang Dynasty. One day in the ninth year (AD 750), the quiet outside Chang 'an suddenly became lively. Sapodagan, a travel-stained envoy, and the Sanzang mage, Sheri Yuemo, with the will of the King of Kampot Kingdom (Kashmir Miro), the birthplace of Buddhism, offered a table of peace, willing to join the holy Tang Dynasty, and asked the Tang Dynasty to send envoys to inspect and caress it. Datang was the most powerful country in the world at that time, and the surrounding small countries depended on big countries for survival. Tang Xuanzong was overjoyed to hear that Kezhou had entered the DPRK, so he sent Zhang Taoguang, the eunuch around him, as the leader, appointed Che Fengchao as the left-back of the military attache, brought his credentials and seals, and organized a huge mission of forty people to appease him. According to Jingyang County Records, Che Fengchao was born in Xiangyili, Qinglong Township, Yunyang County, Jingzhao (now Yunyang Town under the crappy mountain in Jingyang County, Shaanxi Province). He was born in 73 1 year, and his mother is a descendant of Tuoba, a royal aristocrat of Xianbei in the Northern Wei Dynasty. He is smart, ambitious and filial. Che Feng, who was in his early twenties, got a chance to realize his ambition. As a member of the Western Region Mission of Datang, he felt extremely proud. Feng Chao tearfully knocked on her elderly parents and newly-married wife and embarked on a long journey to Tianzhu. The delegation passed through Anxi Khufu, Shule, Qingling, Uzbekistan and more than a dozen small countries in the western regions. All the way through the vast desert Gobi, trudged through the desolate swamp Shui Bo, and climbed the mountains covered with snow all year round. After more than three years of arduous trekking, they finally reached the Winter Palace of Guituo Kingdom after eighty-one difficulties. On February 11th, 753 AD, the arrival of the mission of the Tang Dynasty was warmly welcomed by local monks and nuns. People rushed to see the grace of angels. Dressed in costumes, with ribbons on their shoulders and fragrant flowers in their hands, they were surrounded by elephants, playing music, singing and dancing, and cheering inside and outside Gando. Later, King Bin received the delegation of China with the most solemn etiquette. Zhang Taoguang solemnly delivered the oath of the Tang Dynasty Empire to the Kebin Kingdom. The king was very happy. He appointed Sharifutsu, a Buddhist monk, to accompany the members of the Tang delegation, inspect the national customs and visited more than a dozen Buddhist holy places in China. A month passed quickly and everyone was not exhausted. Zhang Taoguang and his party are ready to leave for home. Che Fengchao was infected with a strange disease, and soon he was dying and could not return to China with the group. The local guide said: this is an infectious disease caused by "horse plague" and it is popular. I'm afraid there is no hope ... Zhang Taoguang is critically ill and eager to return to China to restore his life, so he has to be entrusted to the care of the Zen master. After the mission left, under the careful care of Master Sanzang, Che Fengchao miraculously got better. After he recovered from his illness, he joined the Buddhist relic and became a monk, probably because of a serious illness. He was 27 years old that year. This relic is a Buddhist in the guest country, giving Che Fengchao the legal name. Che Fengchao is very diligent. He was punished in the country of Kashmir, and he toured North Tianzhu and Middle Tianzhu to visit the holy land of the Buddha. Winter went to spring, and more than 30 years passed unconsciously. Che Fengchao has entered his twilight years, perhaps because he has the idea of returning to his roots, or perhaps because he has been away from his hometown for too long, and he especially misses his hometown. Finally, on this day, he resigned from the teacher and set off for home. When he left, his teacher Sharifutsu personally presented him with the tooth relic of Sakyamuni Buddha, and the Ten Land Sutra, the Round Sutra and the Ten Force Sutra provided by Sharifutsu Pavilion. Che Fengchao bowed devoutly, gave a big gift and answered the master's instructions one by one. He said goodbye to his teacher in tears, was given a big bag of scriptures, secretly hid the Buddha's tooth relics, and embarked on the road to his hometown. Later, he met the ambassador Duan (eunuch) of the Tang Dynasty, and returned to the ancient capital Chang 'an with him in the sixth year of Zhenyuan (AD 790), which had been away for 40 years. More than 60 cars were sent to Tang Dezong to provide Buddhist relics and scriptures. Emperor Dezong was overjoyed and ordered the construction of a 13 pagoda in the capital Zhuang Yan Temple to support the Buddha's tooth. Dezongnian remembered that he had made great efforts for the Buddha's tooth, and he never forgot his old country when he was old. He was a typical envoy of the Tang Dynasty. He was still in the army at that time, so don't forget to call me back. Specially named General Zhuang Wu, the trial is too often clear. After being sealed, Che Fengchao bid farewell to the emperor and returned to his hometown in uniform to visit his homesick family. However, only the big tree growing on the graves of his parents and wife is waiting for him. At that moment, the iron-clashing man couldn't help being sad anymore, and his face was full of tears. I returned to Chang 'an after a carefree car and asked the emperor to continue to become a monk and live in a temple. Dezong allowed him to live in Zhangjing Temple in Chang 'an City and preach Buddhism. Wukong, as a great monk, explained the scriptures and preached and taught in Datang Yunyou. Twenty years later, he left Zhangjing Temple and went to Chang 'an Dharma Temple. In Dharma Temple, he spent his last years in the morning bell and drums. He died here in August12 and was buried in the rugged mountains of his hometown at the age of 82. It is regarded as the prototype of the Monkey King in The Journey to the West mythology by later generations.