The "Secret" of the Origin of Hundred Family Names

Mi is the surname, pronounced bi or bèi, not mi.

I. Origin of surname:

The first origin: from the official position, from the officials who secretly made wishes in the Qin and Han Dynasties.

Since the Qin Dynasty, there has been a so-called "secret wish" official, which was first secretly founded by Lv Buwei, the father of Qin at the end of the Warring States Period, in order to safeguard the merits and dignity of Ying Zheng, the first Qin Emperor, and it has been inherited since the Han Dynasty.

The main task of "secret wish" is to move an emperor or monarch to the name of a designated courtier when there is an unknown disaster, disaster or negligence, and the courtier will bear the disaster. This process is called "secret wish". Its role is similar to that of the court soothsayers or Taishiling in the early and middle Warring States period. However, fortune tellers or Taishiling openly "divined" and prayed for good or bad luck, while "secret wishes" were secretly passed on to officials or people when disasters had occurred or there were signs of disasters, or when the emperor was at fault. Of course, sometimes "secret wishes" secretly transfer auspicious things to trusted officials under the will of the emperor, but after all, they are rare.

The "secret wish" officer is held by the royal family or people who are very close to the emperor. They are only responsible to the emperor, mostly hereditary and have great power. Liu Heng, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, hated this position. In the 13th year of the Han Dynasty (BC 166), he wrote to abolish the "secret wish" official position and declared to his ministers: "Even the mistakes and sins of officials should be borne by the emperor!" As a result, the grand chapter of "the rule of cultural scenery" in the Han Dynasty was opened, which laid the foundation for the later Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to establish the Han Empire and live in the East.

The descendants of "Mi Zhu" took the official position as their surname and passed it down from generation to generation in memory of their ancestor Weah.

The second origin: it originated from the Jiang family and the Qiang people in Nan 'an County of Longxi during the Sixteen Kingdoms period.

The famous historian of the Han Dynasty recorded in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty: "There are three seedlings from the source of Xiqiang, but Jiang's family is different. Its country is near Nanyue. " According to the history book A Record of the Western Qin Dynasty, "The secret surname Xiqiang came from the Xiqiang family in Nan 'an County, and its leaders Mi Zhu and Ceng Shuai, more than 50,000 people surrendered to the Western Qin State. "

In 385 AD, 1 1, the ambassador of the town begged the military attache of the West Lake and General Zhenxi of the town begged Fu Guoren, and established the Western Qin State by the Yuanchuan River, which made the Western Qin State proud for a while. The leaders of the Western Qiang in Nan 'an County (now Longxi, Gansu Province) colluded and attached all their tribes to the Western Qin State established by Mrs. Qi. Among the descendants of this part of the West Qiang people, some people take the Chinese homonym of their clan leader "Mi Yi" as their surname, which is called Mi Shi.

There are historical celebrities

Secret announcement: the famous Qin servant shot (Prime Minister).

Secret Peng Zu: a famous Western Han Dynasty. High-impedance Liu Bang set out from Pei County, marched east and killed west, and worked hard to seal the seven generations of Dai Hou.