Classical Chinese about brotherhood, preferably at junior high school level, is urgently needed before165438+10.7. ! !

(Len Chin Jowang)

Release all: all, all;

Death: Death does not exist. Describe the sadness of seeing relics and thinking of the dead.

In the Southern Dynasties, Liu Song made a clear interpretation of Shi Shuo Xin Yu Regret for the Past: "The strings are out of tune, and the clouds are thrown to the ground:' Amethyst Amethyst, everyone dies! "I was silent for a long time, and I died a month later."

Use subject-predicate form; As objects and attributes; Refers to the feeling of missing the dead.

For example, Lu Xun's "Two Hearts: The Secret of Being an Ancient Man and Being a Good Man": "The so-called' ~' people are probably like this."

Synonym: People and pianos are dead, thinking about people when they see things, and people and pianos are dead.

example

Liezi? Tang Wen: "Boya is good at drumming, while Zhong Ziqi is good at listening. Boyaguqin aimed at the mountain, and Zhong Ziqi said,' OK, I look like a Thai.' Determined to run water, Zhong Ziqi said, "It's good, it's like a river. Zhong Ziqi will understand what Boya said. After Zhong Ziqi's death, Boya broke the piano and the string, and never played the piano again in his life, thinking that there was no such thing as a drummer. "

explain

This idiom is often used to describe mourning for the death of relatives and friends.

This idiom comes from Shi Shuo Xin Yu Repentance Book written by Liu Yiqing in the Southern Dynasties.

Du: I am very ill. I always die. I'm totally vegetarian. I have always been a good boy. I like the piano. I am a verb. I have been afraid of playing the piano for a long time. I cried for a long time and almost fainted.

original text

Wang Ziyou and Amethyst were both seriously ill, and Amethyst died first. Ziyou asked around, "Why didn't you hear the news? This has been lost. " It's not hard to talk. Then SuoYuLai condolences, didn't cry.

Zi Su Jing is good at playing the piano, so he went into the spiritual bed and picked up the piano to play. When the strings were not tuned, he threw a cloud on the ground: "Zi Jingzi respects everyone." He died that month because of his long mourning.

translate

Wang Ziyou and Wang Zijing were very ill, but Amethyst died first. Wang Ziyou asked his soldiers, "Why don't you always hear from Amethyst?" ? He must be dead. "You don't see any sadness on your face when you talk. I was supposed to go to the funeral in a sedan chair, but I didn't cry all the way.

Amethyst has always liked playing the piano. Amethyst always goes in and sits on the spiritual bed. He picked up the amethyst piano and played it. The sounds of several strings are out of harmony. Amethyst threw Qin on the ground and said, You and Qin are dead, so you cried for a long time and almost fainted. More than a month later, (Yu Zi) also died.

~~~~~~~~~~~~

The source "Biography of Wang Huizhi in the Book of Jin" said: "The sacrifice of the pawn is the emblem ... I played the sacrifice of the piano for a long time and sighed:' Alas, the piano is dead! "

Interpretation: Ziyi: Wang Huizhi Ziyi, Wang Xizhi's son Amethyst: Wang Xizhi's son in Wang Zijing, Wang Xianzhi died: dead, no longer exists. Du: I never thought of it. (Li M ? o): Totally. Yu (yú): sedan chair. Tone: coordination. "Everyone dies" refers to seeing relics and mourning the sorrow of the deceased.

Allusions:

Wang Huizhi, the son of Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was a soldier under Fu Huan Wen. His personality is unrestrained, detached and unrestrained. His hair is often fluffy and his clothes are not fastened, so he just goes to the streets to find friends and go out to meet guests. Idle Wang Huizhi doesn't often ask about his position. He used to be the cavalry of General Huan Chong. Once Huan Chong asked him, "What do you care?" He replied vaguely, "Maybe it's about horses." Huan Chong asked again, "How many horses do you care about?" He replied, "I don't know anything about horses. I am an amateur, no matter how far! " "Huan Chong asked again," How many horses have died recently? " He simply said, "I still can't figure out a live horse or a dead horse!" " "Wang Huizhi has a younger brother named Wang Xianzhi, named Amethyst, who is also a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Just like his father Wang Xizhi, he is also called "Two Kings". The two brothers, Hui Zhi and Xian Zhi, have a very good relationship and lived in the same room when they were children. Usually, a brother will admire his younger brother. One day, the house caught fire. Hui was too scared to put on his shoes and hurriedly fled; Provide it, but it looks the same, with the help of the servant calmly. One night in the middle of the night, a thief entered their house and tried to steal everything that could be taken away. After Wang Xianzhi found out, he said slowly, "Steal, that green carpet is an old thing of my family, so you can keep it." Hearing this, the thief ran away in panic. The two brothers often read books together at night and discuss them while reading. They are very interested. One night, the two of them were reading Ode to Gao Shi together when they suddenly shouted, "Good! The character of single crystal is really noble! " Single crystal is from the Eastern Han Dynasty. He is well-versed in learning and does not flatter powerful people, so he is praised. Huizhi listened and said with a smile: "Single crystal is not as proud as Changqing!" Changqing was the Sima Xiangru of the Han Dynasty. He broke through the shackles of feudal ethics and married Zhuo Wenjun, a talented woman who eloped with him. This was not easy in the society at that time, so the emblem said that he was proud of the world. Later, Wang Huizhi served as assistant minister of Huangmen (squire around the emperor), so he resigned and went home because he was not used to the very restrictive life of the court. Coincidentally, not long after he came home, he and Wang Xianzhi began to get sick at the same time, and both of them were seriously ill. At that time, a magician (fortune teller) said, "At the end of a person's life, if a living person is willing to die instead of him and give him the rest of his life, then the dying person can live." Busy Hui said, "My talent is not as good as my brother's. Let me give him the rest of my years, and I will die first." The warlock shook his head: "You have to live for a long time before you die for others. Now you don't have much time to live, how can you replace him? " It wasn't long before he died. Huizhi didn't cry at the funeral, but just sat there. He took the piano he used before his death and wanted to play a song. But it can't be adjusted well after a long time. He didn't want to tune any more, so he threw down the piano and said sadly, "Amethyst, Amethyst and piano are all dead." It means: "Amethyst, Amethyst, you have lost the man and the piano!" " "

Wang Huizhi was very sad. He soon became seriously ill and died more than a month later. Later, people used the phrase "Qin is dead" to express their grief at seeing the relics and mourn the dead.

Edit the related articles in this paragraph.

..... When both of them were seriously ill, a magician said, "Human life should end. If people are willing to replace it, the dead can live." The emblem reads: "My talent is not as good as the first, please use the rest of my life." The performer said, "I have more than one year for the dead, so that I can satisfy the ears of the dead." Today, you and your brother have tried their best, why not? " Before long, the pawnbroker gave up crying, went straight to the coffin bed, and played with the presented piano. Old but not harmonious, sighed: "alas, I respect you, everyone is dead!" " Because of sudden death, there was back disease first, and with the rupture, the moon died.

Selected from 50 biographies of the Book of Jin

Five problems about editing this passage "The piano is dead"

First, why did Ziyou "talk without sadness" and "don't cry" at first, and then "stay away for a long time"?

"Teaching Reference" said, "Yuzi is not sad in front because he knows that he is going to die soon, and then he will see his brother in the grave." When translating sentences, I also translated "I am not sad when I speak" into "I am not sad when I speak".

We believe that if relatives leave first, the living family and friends, even those who will die the next day, will be deeply saddened. Wang Ziyou can't have the idea described in the Teaching Reference. If Wang Ziyou really has this idea, then why did he "stay away from it for a long time"? Obviously, it can't be justified.

In fact, "I am not sad when I speak" should be understood as "I don't see any sadness on my face when I speak", not "I am not sad at all when I speak". It is estimated that my younger brother has passed away before him, and Wang Zi must be very sad. It is impossible to be "not sad at all", but it didn't show on his face at that time, which shows Wang Ziyou's resolute and strong side.

My brother must be dead, but I haven't seen him with my own eyes. According to common sense, he should not cry, especially for a strong man. So it is normal to "not cry" all the way. When I saw that Amethyst was really dead, I was "sad for a long time"-Ziyou finally couldn't restrain her sadness, crying and breaking her heart.

The first paragraph "I'm not sad" and "I don't cry" are in sharp contrast to the second paragraph "I've been sad for a long time": it goes without saying that a strong person is so sad and the feelings between brothers should be so deep.

We believe that this understanding is reasonable, consistent and not contradictory. Only in this way can we appreciate the exquisite brushwork of the author's writing with such strong contrast and ups and downs in just a few dozen words.

Second, why did Wang Ziyou "walk into the coffin bed and take the piano"?

The purpose of Wang Ziyou playing the piano is not to test the quality of the piano. The two brothers knew each other and dated. Knowing that Qin was my brother's favorite, he used his brother's Sakurako Kaoru to write the last song to see him off to comfort the dead. Brother said goodbye to his brother in this special way, which was not mentioned in the teaching reference.

How to bid farewell and mourn, Ziyou had already made up his mind before "seeking a funeral", so he "walked into the funeral bed to get the piano", without any hesitation or consideration, without any other transition or side details, and went straight to the point as soon as he entered the door.

Third, why "the strings are not allowed"?

We listed several possibilities of "incorrect strings":

1, the piano is broken and can't play.

2. The strings are not properly calibrated and cannot be played, indicating that amethyst is dead.

The piano was good, but Ziyou was so sad that she didn't play it until later.

4. It aggravated the bleak atmosphere at that time.

Most of us believe that Qin is our favorite thing, and it is impossible to accompany him with a broken Qin. Even if the strings are not properly calibrated, it is no problem to adjust them before playing. After discussion, everyone agreed that people are too sad to make a sentence or a song, such as Mr. Hamel last class. Yuzi wanted to play a song for her brother, but because he was seriously ill, he was very sad. Later, he played it, and the music was out of tune, so was the piano-"The strings are out of tune." The piano is not harmonious, and the real person is not harmonious. Brother is suffering for his brother, and his brother is affectionate. The word "disharmony" is the best footnote.

In Teaching Reference, the "overtones" are translated into "the sounds of several strings are out of tune", and Zhu Qin, not people, is blamed for the "overtones", which can be said to be an inaccurate grasp of the characters and unclear about the important role of this sentence in the whole theme. In fact, this sentence should be translated into "After playing, Ziyou's piano sound is gradually out of harmony."

4. Why did Zi drop the piano on the ground?

Qin is my favorite thing. People are dead, but Chin is still there. After playing the farewell song, Yu Zi threw the piano to the ground, intending to let the piano go with the deceased and continue to follow and accompany the late master. Playing the piano and wrestling are unique ways for Ziyou to mourn Amethyst. Because my brother knows that only in this way can I be the best for my brother; Only by doing these two things well for my brother can I show my feelings for my brother. This is also the purpose of Yu Zi's "seeking peace and mourning" immediately regardless of his serious illness.

Based on this, the sentence "Everyone dies" should be translated into "Dear Qin, since you are dead, let your beloved Qin follow you." Shi Shuo translated this sentence into ",,,you and Qin Dou are dead." The literal translation is complete, and there is no comment on this sentence. This kind of treatment, on the one hand, did not point out the intention of offering the piano to my younger brother, on the other hand, did not show my sincere feelings. As the key sentence of the title of the work, it is so simple and superficial that we all have different ideas.

5. How to answer the first question of "Exploration and Practice" after class?

The original title is: which sentences in the text best express the brotherhood between Ziyou and Amethyst? What do you think "not listening" means?

For the first question, the Teaching Reference said, "Why didn't you hear the news? This has been lost. " "Don't be sad when you leave", "Don't cry", "Sit on the spiritual bed and play the piano with the children", "Respect the children, and the piano will die", "I have been afraid for a long time" and "I will die in a month" all show Ziyou's affection for his brother.

We think: first, since it is called "the most", it should not be so extravagant. Secondly, "I'm not sad when I'm gone" and "I don't cry at all" are just in sharp contrast to "I've been afraid for a long time", but they can't show brotherhood by themselves and should be eliminated. As for the words "the strings are out of tune" and "falling to the ground", the former shows Ziyou's very sad mood of losing his younger brother, and the latter clarifies Ziyou's mourning way of throwing the piano to his younger brother, which should be included.

As for the second question, the Teaching Reference says that "no adjustment" not only describes the actual situation, but also contains the desolation that "all the players and pianists are dead".

This answer contains the following two basic points:

First, "tune" only refers to the piano, which has nothing to do with children. People die, the piano is broken, and the sound of the piano is not harmonious. This understanding failed to correctly grasp the purpose of playing the piano to bid farewell to my younger brother, and failed to understand Yu Zi's very sad mood at that time.

Second, "Qin is dead" means that people are dead and the piano is broken, so it is very sad. Now that the piano is broken, Ziyou can drop it on the ground again. This superficial understanding, which is taken for granted, fails to realize Ziyou's two unique ways of mourning his younger brother, "playing the piano to bid farewell to his younger brother" and "throwing the piano to pay tribute to his younger brother", and the deep affection between brothers contained in them. It leads to misinterpretation of sentence meaning, fuzzy characters, affecting the theme of the work and reducing the taste of the work. It can even be said that if we interpret this article from the perspective of teachers' reference-Ziyou went to the funeral and found that Amethyst's piano was broken, so she threw it on the ground and said, "People and the piano are dead"-this work is not qualified to be selected as a textbook at all.

author

Liu Yiqing (403-444), born in Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu), was a writer in Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasty. The Book of Songs said that he was "pure in nature and lacking in lust". Love literature, recruit people from all over the world, and get together under the door.