Idiom stories about war

In the Battle of Julu in 206 BC, Xiang Yu burned his bridges and defeated Zhang Han. This war has two meanings: first, the main force of Qin Jun was eliminated, and the peasant army took the initiative in the war; Second, Xiang Yu jumped from a general to the commander-in-chief of the allied forces, and the war situation began to change from a battle to a Chu-Han war.

This idiom comes from Three Kingdoms, Biography of Shu Wei and Biography of Xun Yu.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, after Cao Cao suppressed the occupation of Yanzhou (Y m 4 n) by the Yellow Scarf Army, he was ambitiously preparing to seize Xuzhou.

At that time, there was a gifted scholar named Xun Xuan in Yingchuan, Angelababy (now Xuchang, Henan), who moved to Jizhou to escape Dong Zhuo's rebellion and was regarded as a distinguished guest by Yuan Shao. Seeing that Yuan Shao could not achieve great things, he went to Cao Cao's door. Cao Cao was overjoyed and named him Sima. From then on, he followed Cao Cao to the north and made suggestions, which won Cao Cao's trust.

In A.D. 194, Tao Qian, a shepherd in Xuzhou, died of illness and gave Xuzhou to Liu Bei before he died. When the news came, Cao Cao couldn't hold back the heart of Xuzhou any longer and was busy sending troops to Xuzhou. Knowing Cao Cao's thoughts, Xun Yu said, "When Emperor Gaozu was in Guanzhong, Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu owned Hanoi. They all have a solid foundation. They advanced enough to defeat the enemy and retreated enough to hold on, so they became a great cause. Now the general is attacking Xuzhou regardless of Yanzhou, and it is not enough for our army to stay in Yanzhou to obtain Xuzhou; Stay less, if Lyu3 bu4 moves at this time, it will not be enough to hold Yanzhou. In the end, Yanzhou must have lost it, and Xuzhou didn't take it. " He also pointed out, "Now is the wheat harvest season. I heard that Xuzhou has organized manpower to grab wheat outside the city and transport it to the city. This shows that they are ready. Once the news comes out, they will definitely strengthen their fortifications, transfer all materials, and make all preparations to meet us (the original text is:' Today's wheat harvest in the East, it will be difficult for the generals to clear the field'). In this way, your military forces are really gone, the city can't be captured, and nothing can be obtained. Within ten days, your army will be defeated without fighting. "

Cao Cao listened to Xun Xuan and admired him very much. From then on, he concentrated his forces and quickly defeated Lu Bu. Later, he defeated Liu Bei and occupied Xuzhou.

"Fixing the wall to clear the field": Fixing the wall is to strengthen the city wall and fortress; Clearing the field is to collect food and property in the wild. It is untenable to reinforce fortifications and transfer all residents and materials in the four fields so that the enemy can neither break into houses nor take anything. This is a way to confront the superior enemy.

This idiom comes from Jia Yi's On Qin in the Western Han Dynasty, which is about the peasant uprising led by Chen Sheng and Guangwu at the end of Qin Dynasty.

In July 209 BC, Yangcheng (now southeast of Dengfeng, Henan) local officials sent two officers and 900 poor people to guard the border in Yuyang (now Miyun County, Beijing). The two officers also chose two able-bodied men from among the able-bodied men to be the captains of chariots, and put them in charge of the rest of the able-bodied men. One of the two captains is Chen Sheng, a farm worker. The other is the poor peasants' guangwu. They didn't know each other before, but now they meet and share the same fate, which soon made them good friends.

Chen Sheng, Guangwu and his party were desperate to get to the north, and did not dare to delay. Because according to the decree of the Qin dynasty, if you miss the date, you will be beheaded. However, they had just walked for a few days when they arrived in osawa Township (now southwest of Su County, Anhui Province). It rained heavily, so they had to put up their tents until it cleared up. It just keeps raining, and the date is delayed. Chen Sheng discussed with Guangwu: "Even if you leave, you will die if you miss the date." Running away and being caught by the government is also death. It's a death anyway. Let's rebel together, overthrow Qin Ershi and kill the people. "

Guangwu is also a man of insight. He agreed with Chen Sheng and called on the whole world to attack Qin Ershi through the titles of Fu Su, the prince killed by Qin Ershi, and Xiang Yan, the former general of Chu who won the support of the masses.

So Chen Sheng and Guangwu took several confidants, hacked two policemen to death first, and then held their heads up to explain to everyone that if they rebelled, they would die in vain. These hundreds of people suddenly expressed their willingness to give their lives to work with Bobby Chen and Guangwu. Everyone took chopping down trees as a weapon, held high bamboo poles as a banner, and swore to heaven that Qi Xin would work together to overthrow Qin Ershi and avenge Xiang Yan, the general of Chu. Everyone also elected Chen Sheng and Guangwu as leaders and occupied osawa Township in one fell swoop. As soon as the farmers in osawa heard that Bobby Chen and Guangwu had rebelled against the tyranny of the Qin Dynasty, the young children came to the camp to join the army with hoes, harrows, poles and sticks.

People simplify the phrase "cutting firewood for soldiers and raising the banner" to the idiom "raising the banner", which means holding high the banner of righteousness and rising up against it. More generally refers to the people's uprising.

When a man guards it,

Story: According to historical records, Liu Bang entered Xianyang in 207 BC. "Keep Hangu Pass, Xiang Yu will come, and he is not allowed." This explains the situation that "one person guards it, and ten thousand people can't force it". In ancient times, there were several idiom stories related to Hangu Pass.

In 353 BC, Wei besieged Zhao, and Qi sent Tian Ji to lead an army to save Zhao. Tian Ji took advantage of the emptiness of Wei, led troops to attack Wei, Wei's army came back to save the country, Qi's army took advantage of it and defeated Wei Jun, so Zhao was eliminated.

During the Warring States Period, Tian Dan, the general of Qi State, attacked the army of Yan State with a fire bull array, which caused the army of Yan State to be defeated. This is a potential article in Sun Tzu's Art of War, "Whoever fights will win by surprise."

lay exposed/open to attacks on all sides

Xiang Yu and Liu Bang originally agreed to take the east and west of the gorge (in present-day Rongxian County, Jia Luhe) as the boundary, and they did not invade each other. Later, Liu Bang followed the advice of Sean and Chen Ping, and thought that Xiang Yu should be destroyed when he was weak. Then he chased Xiang Yu's army with Han Xin, Peng Yue and Liu Jia, and chased Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu) eastward. Finally, several layers of troops were arranged to tightly surround Xiang Yu (in the southeast of Lingbi County, Anhui Province). At this time, Xiang Yu's soldiers were few and there was no food. In the evening, when I heard the troops around him singing the folk songs of Chu, I couldn't help but be very surprised and say, "Did Liu Bang get Chu?" Why are there so many Chu people in his army? "Say, the in the mind has lost the morale, then get out of bed and drink in the camp; Sing with his favorite concubine Yu Ji. After singing, I cried, and everyone around me was very sad, and they all felt that they could not lift their heads. After a while, Xiang Yu got on the horse, took only 800 cavalry, and escaped from the south. Run away and fight, commit suicide by Wujiang River.

Retreat to avoid conflict

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Jin Xiangong listened to rumors, killed Prince Shen Sheng, and sent someone to arrest Shen Sheng's younger brother Zhong Er. Zhong Er heard the news, fled the state of Jin, and forgot about it for more than ten years. Zhong Er came to Chu. King Chu Cheng thought that Zhong Er would make great achievements in the future, so he greeted him with state gifts and regarded him as a distinguished guest. One day, the King of Chu gave a banquet in honor of Zhong Er, and the two chatted, and the atmosphere was very harmonious. Suddenly, the king of Chu asked Zhong Er, "If one day you return to the State of Jin and become a monarch, how can you repay me?" Zhong Er thought for a moment and said, "Beautiful women are waiting for you, precious silk, and you have a lot of rare bird feathers, ivory leather, and even more in Chu. What rare items does Jin Wang have? " The king of Chu said, "Your son is too modest. Having said that, you should show me something? " Zhong Er replied with a smile, "Thanks to you. If I can really return to China to be in power, I would like to get along well with your country. If one day, Jin Chu goes to war, I will definitely order the troops to retreat first (one house equals thirty miles). If I can't get your forgiveness, I will fight you again. "

Four years later, Zhong Er really returned to the State of Jin and became a monarch. This is the famous Jin Wengong in history. The state of Jin became stronger and stronger under his rule. In 633 BC, the two armies of Chu and Jin fought. In order to fulfill his promise, Jin Wengong ordered the troops to retreat 90 miles and stay in Chengpu. When Chu Jun saw that 8 Jin J was retreating, he thought the other side was afraid and immediately pursued it. The Jin army took advantage of the weakness of the Chu army's pride in underestimating the enemy, concentrated its forces and defeated the Chu army greatly, and won the battle of Chengpu.